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Conflict of interest: No Introduction and Objectives: Hepatitis C infection has a high prevalence in social rehabilitation centers and prissions; however, patient migration, lack of adherence monitoring and risk practices are determinants for abandoning treatment. Objectives: Determine the seroprevalence in patients deprived of their liberty in social rehabilitation centers for chronic hepatitis C infection, as well as evaluate the effectiveness of daily provision of antivirals in patients who are deprived of their liberty. Patients / Materials and Methods: Information was collected through the national hepatitis C elimination program database in patients screened for HIV infection, syphilis and hepatitis C during the period 2021-2024 in Baja California Sur, Mexico. Mass screening tests were performed with serological antigen and PCR for hepatitis C. Those patients with a positive viral load were treated with direct-acting antivirals for 2 months and a viral load was performed to verify sustained viral response. During this period, medical teams supplied the drug in a controlled manner provided by the health services in prisons. To keep the rehabilitation centers free of hepatitis C, serologies were implemented under informed consent for newly admitted people that were admitted. Results and Discussion: 3452 rapid tests were performed, of which 77 tests (2.23%) were reactive with positive viral load in 76 cases (98.07%), all patients were male (100%), with an average age of 42.1 years. Of the patients studied, the main risk factor was intravenous drug use (98%). Viral loads were measured 3 months after treatment where 98.68% had virological cure, 1.3% migrated from a social rehabilitation center and 0% presented virological failure. Conclusions: The intervention of health services continuously and jointly with the penal system is a determining factor in achieving virological cure and rehabilitation centers free of hepatitis C.

In this paper, we present the concept of being monotonic in sequence according to a specific direction for a collection of random variables. This concept broadens the existing notions of multivariate dependence, such as sequential left-tail and right-tail dependence. Furthermore, we explore connections with other multivariate dependence concepts, highlight key properties, and analyze the new concept within the framework of copulas. Several examples are provided to demonstrate our findings.

Context: The fugacity of surface-seawater CO2 (f CO2sw) and the sea–air CO2 fluxes in the south-western tropical Atlantic (SWTA) were studied to increase the knowledge about the carbon cycle in this region. Aims: This paper aims to describe the distribution of f CO2sw in SWTA. Methods: The f CO2sw was measured from 2008 to 2020 by volunteer merchant ships with an onboard system that measures p CO2 while the vessels were underway. Key results: Higher values occurred north of 8°S than in the region south of 8°S. The north is a strong source of CO2 for the atmosphere, with an annual mean value of 3.14 ± 0.52 mmol m−2 day−1. The south is a weaker source of CO2, with an annual average of 0.93 ± 0.90 mmol m−2 day−1. In the months of July and August, a weak sink of CO2 was observed, with a mean of −0.55 mmol m−2 day−1. Conclusions and implications: The differences between these two regions are explained by the origin of the surface-water masses encountered along the ship track. The central branch of the South Equatorial Current (SEC) transports surface water, with a higher CO2 concentration and lower salinity, north of 8°S, whereas the surface waters between 8 and 14°S come from the southern branch of the SEC. The intertropical convergence zone is another physical process influencing the region north of 8°S. The carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration of surface seawater was measured from 2008 to 2020 in the south-western tropical Atlantic (SWTA) by volunteer merchant ships equipped with an autonomous system that measures CO2 while the vessels were underway. The study area is influenced by the seasonal variability in the main marine currents of the region, and the tropical meteorological system. The SWTA is as a large source of CO2 to the atmosphere, and further studies in this important area of global climate change are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Systemic vaccination of macaques with V1-deleted (ΔV1) envelope immunogens reduce the risk of SIVmac251 acquisition by approximately 60%, with protective roles played by V2-specific ADCC and envelope-specific mucosal IL-17+NKp44+ innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). We investigated whether increased mucosal responses to V2 benefit vaccine efficacy by delivering oral nanoparticles (NPs) that release V2-scaffolded on Typhoid Toxin B (TTB) to the large intestine. Strikingly, mucosal immunization of male macaques abrogated vaccine efficacy with control TTB or empty NPs, but vaccine efficacy of up to 47.6% was preserved with V2-TTB NPs. The deleterious effects of NPs were linked to preferential recruitment of mucosal plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), reduction of protective mucosal NKp44+ ILCs, increased non-protective mucosal PMA/Ionomycin-induced IFN-γ+NKG2A-NKp44-ILCs, and increased levels of mucosal activated Ki67+CD4+ T cells, a potential target for virus infection. V2-TTB NP mucosal boosting rescued vaccine efficacy, likely via high avidity V2-specific antibodies mediating ADCC, and higher frequencies of mucosal NKp44+ ILCs and of ∆V1gp120 binding antibody-secreting B cells in the rectal mucosa. These findings emphasize the central role of systemic immunization and mucosal V2-specific antibodies in the protection afforded by ΔV1 envelope immunogens and encourage careful evaluation of vaccine delivery platforms to avoid inducing immune responses favorable to HIV transmission.

El documento examina el surgimiento de un nuevo movimiento sindical en México y cuestiona si esta transformación es auténtica o simplemente una simulación de cambio. A través de una revisión histórica sobre la importancia de los sindicatos en México, se indaga en los problemas de corrupción y falta de representatividad que han enfrentado y su relación con el crimen organizado. El surgimiento del nuevo enfoque sindical orientado hacia la transparencia, la participación democrática y la lucha por derechos laborales genuinos con base en la reforma laboral de 2019 es el pilar que sostiene el cuestionamiento sobre la existencia de condiciones idóneas de los sindicatos para implementar cambios significativos o la existencia de ajustes superficiales para aparentar una renovación. Se identifican desafíos y obstáculos que enfrenta este nuevo sindicalismo, así como el papel influyente del gobierno y las empresas en su dirección. Se abordan los problemas emergentes que son pertinentes para las relaciones laborales y los esfuerzos de organización entre Estados Unidos y México. El texto concluye con una reflexión sobre el futuro del sindicalismo en México y los retos para fortalecer la representación sindical y mejorar las condiciones laborales en el país.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and adverse effects of celecoxib after total knee arthroplasty. Keywords in the PubMed and Scopus databases were used to find article abstracts. Each included clinical trial was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool, and we extracted data on postoperative pain assessment using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) at rest, ambulation, and active range of motion, rescue analgesic intake, and adverse effects. Inverse variance tests with mean differences were used to analyze the numerical variables. The Mantel–Haenszel statistical method and the odds ratio were used to evaluate the dichotomous data. According to this qualitative assessment (n = 482), two studies presented conclusions in favor of celecoxib (n = 187), one showed similar results between celecoxib and the placebo (n = 44), and three clinical trials did not draw conclusions as to the effectiveness of celecoxib versus the placebo (n = 251). Moreover, the evaluation of the rescue analgesic intake showed that the patients receiving celecoxib had a lower intake compared to patients receiving a placebo (n = 278, I2 = 82%, p = 0.006, mean difference = −6.89, 95% IC = −11.76 to −2.02). In conclusion, the pooled analysis shows that administration of celecoxib alone results in a decrease in rescue analgesic consumption compared to a placebo after total knee surgery.

En este estudio se investiga el uso de residuos de la agroindustria de exportación en el Perú, específicamente de la semilla de palta Hass, en el proceso de pirólisis para obtener bio-oil y biochar. El proceso se lleva a cabo en un reactor tubular al vacío a una velocidad de calentamiento de 8.4°C/min, con un tamaño de partícula inferior a 2 mm, a temperaturas de 300°C, 400°C y 500°C por un periodo de tres horas y tres réplicas. Los hallazgos sugieren que la temperatura influye significativamente en el rendimiento del bio-oil y del biochar. Los resultados muestran que el mayor rendimiento de bio-oil (46.47%) se obtiene a 500°C, mientras que el mayor rendimiento de biochar (45.33%) se obtiene a 300°C. Además, se ha demostrado con un valor de significación estadística (p < 0.05) que existe una variación notable en el rendimiento entre el bio-oil y el biochar, y también entre los rendimientos a diferentes temperaturas.

Este artículo presenta los resultados de la segunda etapa del proyecto OLIVA que comenzó con la integración de los metadatos de documentos en revistas indexadas en RedALyC y SciELO; en esta ocasión, se aborda el catálogo de revistas Latindex y el índice Biblat. La metodología del estudio combina dos enfoques: a) Un estudio de la cobertura de los documentos en Latindex-Biblat, con el cual se analizaron 271 revistas y 36 425 artículos publicados entre 2015 y 2020. Sobre dicho conjunto se presenta una estadística descriptiva y un recorte de las revistas editadas en México para caracterizar la singularidad de las revistas incluidas en estos dos servicios de indexación; b) A partir de estos resultados y de la base de datos construida en la primera etapa de Oliva, se ofrece una sistematización del universo de 4077 revistas indexadas en América Latina, describiendo su morfología disciplinar, lingüística, institucional y editorial. OLIVA-2 brinda, así, información sobre la totalidad de las revistas científicas indexadas en América Latina, lo que evidencia la potencialidad que estas tienen en un contexto de creciente comercialización de la edición científica. Por tratarse de un circuito de publicación académico autónomo, conducido por instituciones editoras sin fines de lucro, se concluye que estas revistas ofrecen un espacio de comunicación de singular importancia en la transición a la ciencia abierta.

Background: Dental caries is a dynamic, multifactorial disease that destroys teeth and can affect anyone’s quality of life because it can cause tooth loss and make chewing difficult. Dental caries involves various factors, such as Streptococcus mutans and host factors. Currently, adjuvant therapies, such as curcumin, have emerged, but how they work has not been adequately described. Therefore, this work aims to identify the molecular mechanism of curcumin in caries and Streptococcus mutans. Methods: We obtained differentially expressed genes from a GEO dataset, and curcumin targets were obtained from other databases. The common targets were analyzed according to gene ontology enrichment, key genes were obtained, and binding to curcumin was verified by molecular docking. Results: Our analysis showed that curcumin presents 134 therapeutic targets in caries. According to the gene ontology analysis, these targets are mainly involved in apoptosis and inflammation. There are seven key proteins involved in the action of curcumin on caries: MAPK1, BCL2, KRAS, CXCL8, TGFB1, MMP9, and IL1B, all of which spontaneously bind curcumin. In addition, curcumin affects metabolic pathways related to lipid, purine, and pyrimidine metabolism in Streptococcus mutans. Conclusions: Curcumin affects both host carious processes and Streptococcus mutans.

The study and development of miniature refrigeration and climate conditioning systems based on vapor compression for small-scale applications have received wide interest in recent years due to their advantages compared with other available technologies, both active and passive. This paper identifies different applications and areas of opportunity, including electronic components and personal cooling, where small-scale vapor compression refrigeration systems are anticipated to play a key role in technological development. This paper presents the current state of the art, including applications, component designs, operating conditions, experiments, published results, etc. to describe the current status of small-scale vapor compression refrigeration and illustrate a perspective for the future of this technology.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cause of death of any cancer-related cases in the world, and is also in the top 5 most common malignancy cancers in general. There are plenty of well-distributed treatments, offering better hygiene, more robust and complete nutrition, and the eradication of pathogens such as Helicobacter pylori. Currently, there is still the need for more treatments, especially those of lower cost, like those coming from already easily available products. Quercetin (QRC) is a natural phenolic compound present in a wide variety of products, e.g., in plants like Hibiscus sabdariffa, onions, grapes, broccoli, and citrus fruits. This product has been shown to have great potential therapeutic effects, and it has also been suggested that it could be useful in combating different types of cancer; however, information regarding the targets or mechanisms that QRC has on cancer cells is still unclear. Therefore, this study aims to identify the targets that QRC has, like anti-cancer treatment for GC using different bio-informatic tools and databases. From MalaCards and SwissTargetPrediction, both QRC and GC molecular targets were defined, and then they were matched with the Venny 2.1.0 platform. From this, 31 genes were gathered, and then they were analyzed using the ShinnyGo0.77 and DAVID-Bioinformatic Resources. Furthermore, StringDB was used to identify the protein—protein interactions, and Citoscape 3.6.0 12 hub genes were obtained. Those hub genes were then subject to Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and TISIDB. Finally, molecular docking studies were performed using the SwissDock database. The results suggest that, according to the gene ontology data, QRC has a relationship with the regulation of cell death, response to stress, cell motility, response to amyloid-beta, cellular response to reactive oxygen species, and apoptotic processes. Some genes like EGFR were correlated with an abundance of CD8 and Neutrophil infiltration but didn’t show to improve the survival rate. Furthermore, molecular docking results show that QRC can bind to multiple molecules of interest. These results complement some of the currently available information alluding to the effectiveness of plants rich with QRC as part of the treatment used for different kinds of cancer, but it also suggests a plethora of new targets that this molecule has in GC, while at the same time giving a clearer idea of the mechanisms that are affected in GC by QRC. However, as with any other study that primarily uses bioinformatic tools, these final results are to be used for more direct and precise research, especially if experimental protocols are used.

In this paper, we define a multivariate order based on the concept of orthant directional dependence and study some of its properties. The relationships with other dependence orders given in the literature are also studied. We analyze the order between two random vectors in terms of their associated copulas and illustrate our results with several examples.