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Laurus nobilis, sometimes referred to as laurel, has been used for medicinal and culinary purposes for a very long time. The main subjects of this study are the phytochemical composition, mineralogical profile, and potential antioxidant properties of Laurus nobilis in Tangier, Northern Morocco. For phytochemical analysis of methanolic extracts, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV-MS) was used, and Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to identify each individual component. Minerals were studied by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WD-XRF). Total tannin, flavonoid, and phenolic amounts were quantified using aqueous and methanolic extracts. The antioxidant properties were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis (3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays. Research has revealed a complex array of phytochemicals, including tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. Mineral analysis has revealed the existence of vital components that are beneficial to health. Comparing the methanolic extract to the water extract, it demonstrated higher levels of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins as well as stronger antioxidant activity, indicating greater health benefits. This comprehensive study highlights the importance of Laurus nobilis from Northern Morocco as a reliable botanic resource with potential pharmaceutical, nutritional, and cosmetic uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the chemical and mineralogical composition of the agricultural soils is essential to know its process of formation. and the characteristics associated to the fertility and to the retention of nutrients as foundations for conduct its use and management. With this objective are evaluated Brown sialitic and Vertisols soils representative of the eastern region of Cuba. The technique of X-rays diffraction (DRX) was used for determine the mineralogical and chemistry composition of the predominant soils. Were calculated the oxides SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and the molecular relations SiO2 / Al2O3, SiO2 / Fe2O3 and SiO2 / R2O3 for characterize the soils. The predominant minerals in the Brown soils were in that order: calcite, quartz, montmorillonite and anortite. In the Vertisols were detected quartz, albite and vermiculite that are very resistant to the meteorism. The vertical distribution of the minerals show a degree of evolution uniform of the parent rocks. The sequence of free oxides (SiO2> Al2O3> Fe2O3) corroborated the sialitic origin of the soil profiles, associated with the predominance of minerals in a relation 2:1. The uniform distribution of the total of elements in all the profiles shows a lithogenic origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sediment-derived granites (S-type) can provide detailed information about continental crust reworking processes and tectonic regimes through time. Their compositions reflect the nature of sedimentary rocks that melted to form them. Inherited accessory minerals in these granites can provide information regarding the age and nature of the crustal rocks that contributed to the formation of their sedimentary source rock. In addition, S-type granites typically form during collisional stages in modern orogens, and their Precambrian records can provide clues about ancient tectonics. In this contribution, we present a detailed petrogenesis of the Cupim Pluton, located in the Paleoproterozoic Mineiro Belt (Brazil). The Cupim pluton is composed of two-mica and garnet-bearing leucogranites that are strongly peraluminous (ASI > 1.1), high-K (K 2 O/Na 2 O > 1), low MgO + FeO + TiO 2 (<2 wt%). Its composition is similar to that of melts experimentally produced by muscovite/biotite dehydration melting reactions. Rb/Sr and Rb/Ba ratios suggest that these leucogranites are formed by the melting of heterogeneous sedimentary source(s). Zircon crystals from the Cupim Pluton unveil a protracted crustal melting period (2.01–1.98 Ga) hitherto unknown in the Mineiro Belt, which itself discloses a late collisional orogenic stage in southern São Francisco Craton. Igneous zircon crystals exhibit εHf (t) between −16.4 and − 0.6, and δ30Si between −1.16 and − 0.26 ‰, which is typical for zircon from sediment-derived granites. Hafnium isotope variations reflect mixing between at least two crustal sources, which is in line with inherited zircon cores that evidence major Archean and minor Paleoproterozoic sediment contributions. The emplacement of the Cupim Pluton leucogranites ends a subduction-collision cycle, following a long period of TTG-sanukitoid magma production, and promoted the stabilization of the southern São Francisco Craton. [Display omitted] • Cupim Pluton is composed of sediment-derived (two-mica and garnet-bearing) granites. • Whole-rock and mineralogical chemistry diversity point to source heterogeneity. • 2000 Ma zircons mark the collisional event in the Southern São Francisco Craton. • Inherited zircons reveal Archean contribution to Paleoproterozoic sedimentary basins. • Zircon Hf-Si isotope compositions attest to crust reworking and source mixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Quantitative reconciliation of mineralogical data with leachate dynamic. • Investigation of mine waste rock water content on weathering. • Decrease in leachate pH at lower water saturation. • Carbonate phase size reduction with increase in water saturation. Water content plays a critical yet ambivalent role in the physical and geochemical stability of mine tailings and waste rock, but its effects on individual chemical weathering reactions (dissolution and precipitation) and bulk water quality remain poorly understood. We experimented with synthetic waste rock to quantitatively reconcile modal and textural mineralogical parameters (mineral size, association, and liberation) with leachate quality at different water saturation levels (5–100%). Leachate pH consistently decreased from a 13-week average of 6.14 at 100% saturation to 5.37 at 5% saturation. Simultaneously, mineralogical analyses revealed a reduction in the size of carbonate phases over the course of weathering, decreasing from 200 µm to 145 µm as water saturation increased from 5% to 100%, which could be a contributing factor to more alkaline pH in samples with higher water saturation. Total concentrations of iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) in solution increased with lower moisture, with Cu concentrations increasing 24-fold in samples at 5% saturation compared to full saturation. In contrast, arsenic (As) concentration increased with higher moisture levels, which we attribute to reduced galvanic protection of As-bearing pyrite from oxidation. Multivariate statistical evaluation allowed us to uncover correlations between water chemistry and mineralogical data (i.e., sulfide associations or phase perimeters) and to explain chemical differences between samples, particularly those at 100% and 5% water saturation. Our findings underscore the importance of conducting quantitative mineralogical investigations on mine waste materials and considering their stored water content in the formulation of mine waste management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Initial timing of the extensional environment of the EKOB was not later than 428 Ma. • No genetic relation between highly evolved rhyolite and trachyte at Haidewula. • Strongly peraluminous volcanic rocks are favorable U-sources for mineralization. Zircon U–Pb-Hf isotopic compositions, mineralogical chemistry, and whole-rock geochemistry analyses were performed on rhyolite and trachyte from the Haidewula deposit in the East Kunlun Orogen Belt (EKOB). These analyses aimed to elucidate the genetic relationship between trachyte and rhyolite and to investigate the role of these volcanic rocks in uranium mineralization. Zircon U–Pb isotope dating indicates that the Haidewula rhyolite and trachyte were contemporaneous with emplacement ages of 421 Ma to 428 Ma, respectively. The trachyte samples exhibit high K 2 O/Na 2 O and Fe# [FeO/(FeO + MgO)] ratios, and belong to metaluminous, ferroan volcanic rock; the rhyolite samples display high A/CNK and Fe# ratios, elevated high field strength element contents, and can be classified as strongly peraluminous A 2 -type magma. Trace and major elemental geochemical signatures demonstrate that the Haidewula trachyte originated from the high-temperature partial melting of a mafic lower crust, followed by fractional crystallization of plagioclase, pyroxene, magnetite, and/or K-feldspar. On the other hand, the rhyolite was likely generated by high-temperature melting of granodiorite in a low water and mid-crust pressure environment, followed by fractional crystallization of feldspar and ilmenite. The occurrence of A-type volcanic rocks at Haidewula suggests that the initial timing of crustal extension in the EKOB was not later than 428 Ma. Overall, Paleozoic igneous rocks in the EKOB revealed that a post-collisional extensional regime, resulting from the rewelding of the microcontinents in eastern Gondwana, was responsible for intensive magmatism during the Late Silurian period. In comparison to other volcanic complexes hosting uranium deposits in eastern China, the relatively U-rich rhyolite and trachyte had the potential to contribute to the formation of U mineralization. In particular, the rhyolitic tuffaceous U-rich glassy volcanic rocks in the Haidewula deposit may represent favorable U-source rocks for mineralization, with uranium released through volcanic glass devitrification processes and leaching by oxidizing hydrothermal fluids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Mineralogical and geochemical analysis of Taiji-2 subseafloor samples on the SMAR were conducted. • Mineralogical and pyrite chemistry differences between stockwork and semi-massive sulfide samples were revealed. • w and logf S2 decrease from subseafloor stockwork to semi-massive sulfide zone. • Three distinct mineralization stages were identified. In modern seafloor hydrothermal mineralization systems, subseafloor deposits are crucial alongside seafloor massive sulfides, consisting mainly of stockwork at the periphery and semi-massive sulfides at the central of subseafloor ore bodies. These two ore types exhibit contrasting mineralogical and elemental compositions, and the difference between their formation processes are unclear due to sampling challenges. The mafic-hosted Taiji-2 hydrothermal field, located on the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge, presents pyrite-enriched subseafloor sulfides on the seafloor, providing a good research opportunity. Our study included comprehensive analyses of mineralogy, pyrite chemistry, and in-situ sulfur isotopes through LA-MC-ICP-MS method on Taiji-2 subseafloor samples. Our findings suggest: (1) a hybrid source of ore-forming materials, (2) increased seawater involvement and decreased temperature and sulfur fugacity from the periphery to the central of subseafloor deposits, and (3) multistage of subseafloor ore-forming activities. Additionally, we characterized the seafloor alteration of Taiji-2 subseafloor sulfides. These results enhance our understanding of subseafloor mineralization in seafloor hydrothermal field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]