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This paper addresses the fault-tolerant performance of real-time dual-computer embedded systems. The article first emphasizes the importance of real-time and reliability in various fields and points out that improving fault-tolerant performance is a crucial topic. Based on the Markov chain algorithm, the study optimizes the fault-tolerant integration method for real-time dual-computer embedded systems. By constructing a model of Markov algorithm and using the deadline of the task as a benchmark, the passage and transfer probabilities of faults are calculated. The article also provides algorithmic proofs of fault-tolerant control of Markovian jump systems and calculates their stability levels. The results show that the fault passage rate of the system increases as the number of complex tasks increases, e.g., when the number of complex tasks is 4, the passage rate can reach 90%. In addition, in the scheduling test, it was found that the schedulability of the system increases with the increase in the number of processors. When the number of processors reaches 5, the system's schedulability is 43%. In conclusion, the system fault tolerance optimization method based on Markov algorithm proposed in the article can effectively improve the reliability and fault tolerance of the system.

To improve the complexity and low catalytic performance and reduce the high cost of the traditional electrode preparation process for the sodium borohydride electro-oxidation reaction (BOR), in this work, a self-supported and efficient electrode material grown on nickel foam (CoNi/Co3O4/NF) was successfully designed using a simple hydrothermal synthesis method accompanied by the electrodeposition process. Benefiting from the three-dimensional nanoarray structure of CoNi/Co3O4/NF and the uniform distribution of Co and Ni modulating active sites by electrodeposition, the catalytic activity towards NaBH4 exhibits high efficiency. CoNi/Co3O4 exhibits excellent catalytic performance (up to 2157 mA cm−2 in 2 mol L−1 NaOH and 0.3 mol L−1 NaBH4), a high electrochemically active surface area (62.5 cm−2), and a low activation energy (15.56 kJ mol−1). The CoNi/Co3O4/NF electrode was further investigated on a direct sodium borohydride–hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (DBHPFC), which exhibited a maximum power density of 108.5 mW cm−2 and excellent stability. The excellent performance is mainly due to its unique nanoarray structure and electrodeposition distribution of Co and Ni active sites, which increases the electrochemical surface area and enhances the contact between the electrode and the electrolyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formation of resting cysts commonly found in unicellular eukaryotes is a complex and highly regulated survival strategy against environmental stress that involves drastic physiological and biochemical changes. Although most studies have focused on the morphology and structure of cysts, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that control this process. Recent studies indicate that DNA N 6 -adenine methylation (6mA) could be dynamically changing in response to external stimuli; however, its potential role in the regulation of cyst formation remains unknown. We used the ciliate Pseudocohnilembus persalinus , which can be easily induced to form cysts to investigate the dynamic pattern of 6mA in trophonts and cysts. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing reveals high levels of 6mA in trophonts that decrease in cysts, along with a conversion of symmetric 6mA to asymmetric 6mA. Further analysis shows that 6mA, a mark of active transcription, is involved in altering the expression of encystment-related genes through changes in 6mA levels and 6mA symmetric-to-asymmetric conversion. Most importantly, we show that reducing 6mA levels by knocking down the DNA 6mA methyltransferase PpAMT1 accelerates cyst formation. Taken together, we characterize the genome-wide 6mA landscape in P. persalinus and provide insights into the role of 6mA in gene regulation under environmental stress in eukaryotes. We propose that 6mA acts as a mark of active transcription to regulate the encystment process along with symmetric-to-asymmetric conversion, providing important information for understanding the molecular response to environmental cues from the perspective of 6mA modification., (© 2024 Liu et al.; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.)