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The article focuses on improving the efficiency of collecting eggs from the dried fruit mite Carpoglyphus lactis for use as prey in mass-rearing predatory mites, highlighting the significance of this mite both as a pest and as prey. Topics include the challenges of collecting C. lactis eggs, the development of an improved collection method using mesh and cable tie pieces, and the advantages of this method over traditional sieving techniques in terms of efficiency and cleanliness.

In this study we delved into the effects of royal jelly supplementation on the life history traits of Amblyseius herbicolus, a thelytokous predatory mite with potential in biological pest control. Royal jelly, a nutrient-rich substance from honeybees, is known for its diverse biological activities in various species. Our experiments showed the concentration-dependent impacts of royal jelly supplementation on A. herbicolus. While royal jelly positively influenced mite survival at low concentrations (5%), a trade-off emerged: increased survival came at the cost of reduced fecundity. Also, royal jelly reduced ovipositional and post-ovipositional duration. Remarkably, maternal royal jelly supplementation influenced the pre-ovipositional duration of A. herbicolus offspring, suggesting transgenerational effects. However, certain traits, such as developmental time, size at maturity, and lifespan of both parents and offspring, remained unaffected. Our findings emphasise the specificity of royal jelly's impact on different aspects of mite biology and the possibility of inducing adverse influences on life history traits. To fully harness the potential of royal jelly in dietary supplementation, further research exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the influence of many factors, distribution cables are often densely placed at the bottom of the cable trench. As a result, it is easy for distribution cables to become the thermal bottleneck of the whole transmission line. To address this dilemma, this paper establishes a finite element simulation model of a cable trench to analyze the hot spots of cables with different arrangements in the cable trench. Then, the model's accuracy is verified based on real temperature rise experiments. For an arrangement with overheating risk, the ampacity improvement method of filling the cable trench with high-thermal-conductivity material was proposed, and the ampacity improvement effect under different filling ratios was assessed. Finally, combined with the analysis of economic benefit and cost, the method of determining the optimal filling ratio was used, and the impact resistance of the cables under the impact of new energy load was analyzed. The results indicate that, for the case of the optimal filling ratio, the cables in the dense cable trench showed superior impact resistance. The investigations in this paper make significant contributions to the promotion of the maximum utilization of cables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy storage devices with high power and energy density are in demand owing to the rapidly growing population, and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are promising rechargeable energy storage devices. However, there are many issues associated with the development of electrode materials with a high theoretical capacity, which need to be addressed before their commercialization. Extensive research has focused on the modification and structural design of electrode materials, which are usually expensive and sophisticated. Besides, polymer binders are pivotal components for maintaining the structural integrity and stability of electrodes in LIBs. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) is a commercial binder with superior electrochemical stability, but its poor adhesion, insufficient mechanical properties, and low electronic and ionic conductivity hinder its wide application as a high-capacity electrode material. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in developing different polymeric materials (based on natural polymers and synthetic non-conductive and electronically conductive polymers) as binders for the anodes and cathodes in LIBs. The influence of the mechanical, adhesion, and self-healing properties as well as electronic and ionic conductivity of polymers on the capacity, capacity retention, rate performance and cycling life of batteries is discussed. Firstly, we analyze the failure mechanisms of binders based on the operation principle of lithium-ion batteries, introducing two models of "interface failure" and "degradation failure". More importantly, we propose several binder parameters applicable to most lithium-ion batteries and systematically consider and summarize the relationships between the chemical structure and properties of the binder at the molecular level. Subsequently, we select silicon and sulfur active electrode materials as examples to discuss the design principles of the binder from a molecular structure point of view. Finally, we present our perspectives on the development directions of binders for next-generation high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. We hope that this review will guide researchers in the further design of novel efficient binders for lithium-ion batteries at the molecular level, especially for high energy density electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate prediction of photovoltaic (PV) power is crucial for planning, constructing, and scheduling high‐penetration distributed PV power systems. Traditional point prediction methods suffer from instability and lack reliability, which can be effectively addressed through interval prediction. This study proposes a short‐term PV power interval prediction method based on the framework of sparrow search algorithm (SSA)‐variational mode decomposition (VMD)‐convolutional neural network (CNN)‐gate recurrent unit (GRU). First, PV data undergo similar day clustering based on permutation entropy and VMD is applied to solar radiation signals with high correlation. Then, the hyperparameters of GRU are optimized by SSA according to the comprehensive evaluation indicator of interval prediction proposed in this study. Subsequently, quantile prediction results are obtained based on CNN‐GRU using the optimal parameters from SSA optimization. Finally, the prediction interval is composed of multiple quantile prediction results. A MATLAB R2022b program is developed to compare different prediction methods. The results demonstrate that compared to single neural network methods, the proposed method effectively improves the coverage width‐based criterion. In the interval prediction of sunny and rainy similar days, the comprehensive evaluation indicators of the proposed method are only 54.3% and 37.4% of the single GRU, respectively, indicating significantly improved interval prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significance: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Endothelial dysfunction is closely associated with the development and progression of CVDs. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) especially type 2 DM (T2DM) exhibit a significant endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction with substantially increased risk for CVDs. Recent Advances: Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are important contributing factors to EC dysfunction and subsequent CVDs. ROS production is significantly increased in DM and is critically involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients. In this review, efforts are made to discuss the role of excessive ROS and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and the mechanisms for excessive ROS production and oxidative stress in T2DM. Critical Issues: Although studies with diabetic animal models have shown that targeting ROS with traditional antioxidant vitamins C and E or other antioxidant supplements provides promising beneficial effects on endothelial function, the cardiovascular outcomes of clinical studies with these antioxidant supplements have been inconsistent in diabetic patients. Future Directions: Preclinical and limited clinical data suggest that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment may improve endothelial function in diabetic patients. However, well-designed clinical studies are needed to determine if NAC supplementation would effectively preserve endothelial function and improve the clinical outcomes of diabetic patients with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. With better understanding on the mechanisms of ROS generation and ROS-mediated endothelial damages/dysfunction, it is anticipated that new selective ROS-modulating agents and effective personalized strategies will be developed for the management of endothelial dysfunction in DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed micro‐energy harvesting devices offer the flexibility, sustainability, and multi‐scenario applicability that will be critical to wearable electronic products in the Internet of Things. The radiofrequency and triboelectric (RF‐TE) hybrid energy harvester (HEH) concept and prototype is presented for the first time, to simultaneously capture the energy from ambient electromagnetic waves and biological motions. The proposed hybrid energy harvesting system consists of a wearable rectenna, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), and a power management circuit (PMC). Among them, the all‐fabric rectenna exhibits good impedance matching characteristics in the ISM frequency. The flexible TENG unit can generate a maximum power density of 0.024 µW cm−2. The designed multifunctional fabric‐based PMC can considerably enhance the controllability of harvested hybrid energy. Additionally, a normalizable fabric circuit board quasi surface mount technology (FCB‐SMT) is proposed to integrate all modules on the same fabric substrate in one step, making the entire system superior mechanical robustness. The proposed wearable fabric‐based RF‐TE hybrid energy harvester is capable of successfully driving consumer electronics (such as sensors, watches, etc.). It provides a new energy solution strategy for self‐powered wearable electronic devices and is anticipated to encourage the efficient utilization of renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Impulse control behaviors (ICBs) and apathy are believed to represent opposite motivational expressions of the same behavioral spectrum involving hypo- and hyperdopaminergic status, but this has been recently debated. Our study aims to estimate the co-occurrence of ICBs and apathy in early Parkinson's disease (PD) and to determine whether this complex neuropsychiatric condition is an important marker of PD prognoses. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, clinical data, neuroimaging results, and demographic data from de novo PD patients were obtained from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative, a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort. The clinical characteristics of ICBs co-occurring with apathy and their prevalence were analyzed. We compared the prognoses of the different groups during the 8-year follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to predict the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID) using baseline neuropsychiatric symptoms. A total of 422 PD patients and 195 healthy controls (HCs) were included. In brief, 87 (20.6 %) de novo PD patients and 37 (19.0 %) HCs had ICBs at baseline. Among them, 23 (26.4 %) de novo PD patients and 3 (8.1 %) HCs had clinical symptoms of both ICBs and apathy. The ICBs and apathy group had more severe non-motor symptoms than the isolated ICBs group. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the co-occurrence of ICBs and apathy was a risk factor for LID development (HR 2.229, 95 % CI 1.209 to 4.110, p = 0.010). Co-occurrence of ICBs and apathy is common in patients with early PD and may help to identify the risk of LID development. • The co-occurrence of ICBs and apathy is common in patients with early PD. • The co-occurrence of ICBs and apathy may help to identify the risk of LID development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma without treatment. CircDCBLD2 was found to be downregulated in liver fibrosis. However, the precise underlying mechanism requires further investigation. Methods: qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry assays were used to detect the related molecule levels. HE, Masson's trichrome, and Sirius Red staining were used to assess the pathological changes in mice's liver tissues. Flow cytometric analysis and commercial kit were used to assess the levels of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and iron. Cell viability was assessed by MTT. Immunoprecipitation was used to study the ubiquitination of PARK7. Mitophagy was determined by immunostaining and confocal imaging. RIP and Co-IP assays were used to assess the interactions of circDCBLD2/HuR, HuR/STUB1, and STUB1/PARK7. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess the co-localization of circDCBLD2 and HuR. Results: CircDCBLD2 was downregulated, whereas PARK7 was upregulated in liver fibrosis. Ferroptosis activators increased circDCBLD2 while decreasing PARK7 in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and mice with liver fibrosis. CircDCBLD2 overexpression reduced cell viability and GSH, PARK7, and GPX4 expression in erastin-treated HSCs while increasing MDA and iron levels, whereas circDCBLD2 knockdown had the opposite effect. CircDCBLD2 overexpression increased STUB1-mediated PARK7 ubiquitination by promoting HuR-STUB1 binding and thus increasing STUB1 mRNA stability. PARK7 overexpression or HuR knockdown reversed the effects of circDCBLD2 overexpression on HSC activation and ferroptosis. CircDCBLD2 reduced liver fibrosis in mice by inhibiting PARK7. Conclusion: CircDCBLD2 overexpression increased PARK7 ubiquitination degradation by upregulating STUB1 through its interaction with HuR, inhibiting HSC activation and promoting HSC ferroptosis, ultimately enhancing liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental pollution has gained negative attention in recent years. The pesticides and heavy metals are top list of environmental toxicants directly endangering the survival and development of Apis cerana cerana. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are heteromeric serine/threonine kinases that participate in cell cycle regulation and have a vital role in pesticide and heavy metal stress in Apis cerana cerana. In this experiment, we filtered out CDK8 gene from Apis cerana cerana (AccCDK8) and investigated its functions of pesticide and heavy metals resistance. Sequence analysis indicated that AccCDK8 is highly homologous to multiple CDK8s and contains a highly conserved CDK active site sequence. Phylogenetic analysis showed that AmCDK8 and AccCDK8 were closely related evolutionarily in Apis mellifera. Transcriptome analysis revealed that AccCDK8 expression was differentially affected after exposure to pesticide and heavy metal stresses. This indicates that AccCDK8 has a significant role in the resistance of Apis cerana cerana to pesticide and heavy metal stresses. It has implications for studying the function of CDK in other insects in response to stress. [Display omitted] • Pesticides and heavy metals affect the survival of Apis cerana cerana. • CDK8 takes part in the oxidative stress response of Apis cerana cerana. • CDK8 is involved in the growth and reproduction of Apis cerana cerana. • AccCDK8 plays an important role in pesticide and heavy metals stresses. • We highlight the effects of some pesticides on the health of Apis cerana cerana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To characterize sleep duration and investigate its association with quality of life among Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients. In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 970 PD patients were divided into five groups based on self-reported sleep duration: <5, ≥5 to <6, ≥6 to <7, ≥7 to ≤8, and >8 h. The quality of life was evaluated using the 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). Multivariable linear regression analysis, subgroup analysis, and mediation analysis were conducted to examine the association between sleep duration and quality of life. In multivariable linear regression model, patients with sleep duration (<5 h) had significantly higher PDQ-39 scores (β = 8.132, 95 % CI: 3.99 to 12.266), especially in mobility, activities of daily living, emotional well-being, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, and bodily discomfort (p < 0.05). The association between sleep duration (<5 h) and worse quality of life was more pronounced in patients with higher HY stage, longer disease duration, and sleep disorders. Moreover, a significant indirect effect of sleep duration (<5 h) on quality of life was observed, with UPDRS I, UPDRS II, and UPDRS IV scores acting as mediators. Short sleep duration (<5 h) is associated with worse quality of life among PD patients. This association was stronger among patients with advanced PD and sleep disorders, while non-motor symptoms and motor complications were identified as significant mediators in this association. These findings highlight the significance of adequate sleep duration and suitable interventions for sleep may help improve quality of life. • There is a high prevalence of short sleep duration among PD patients. • There is a significant association between short sleep duration (<5 h) and a decline in quality of life. • Non-motor symptoms and motor complications were identified as significant mediators in this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous measurements of atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs), conventional gases and meteorological parameters were performed at an urban site in Jinan, East China, in June 2021 to explore the formation and evolution mechanisms of summertime ozone (O3) pollution events. O3 Episode Ⅰ, O3 Episode II, and non-O3 episodes were identified based on the China Ambient Air Quality Standards and the differences in precursor concentrations. The O3 concentrations in Episode I and Episode II were 145.4 μg/m3 and 166.4 μg/m3, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in non-O3 episode (90 μg/m3). For O3 precursors, VOCs and NOx concentrations increased by 48% and 34% in Episode I, and decreased by 21% and 27% in Episode II compared to non-O3 episode days. The analysis of the m,p-xylene to ethylbenzene ratio (X/E) and OH exposure demonstrated that the aging of the air masses in Episode II was significantly higher than the other two episodes, and the differences could not be explained by localized photochemical consumption. Therefore, we speculate that the high O3 concentrations in Episode II were driven by the regional transport of O3 and its precursors. Backward trajectory simulations indicated that the air masses during Episode II were concentrated from the south. In contrast, the combination of high precursor concentrations and favorable meteorological conditions (high temperatures and low humidity) led to an excess of O3 in Episode I. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) model results indicated that increased emissions from combustion and gasoline vehicle exhausts contributed to the elevated concentrations of VOCs in Episode I, and solvent usage may be an important contributor to O3 formation. The results of this study emphasize the importance of strengthening regional joint control of O3 and its precursors with neighboring cities, especially in the south, which is crucial for Jinan to mitigate O3 pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Environmental stress can induce oxidative stress in Apis cerana cerana, leading to cellular oxidative damage, reduced vitality, and even death. Currently, owing to an incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which A. cerana cerana resists oxidative damage, there is no available method to mitigate the risk of this type of damage. Cyclin plays an important role in cell stress resistance. The aim of this study was to explore the in vivo protection of cyclin H against oxidative damage induced by abiotic stress in A. cerana cerana and clarify the mechanism of action. We isolated and identified the AccCyclin H gene in A. cerana cerana and analysed its responses to different exogenous stresses. RESULTS: The results showed that different oxidative stressors can induce or inhibit the expression of AccCyclin H. After RNA‐interference‐mediated AccCyclin H silencing, the activity of antioxidant‐related genes and related enzymes was inhibited, and trehalose metabolism was reduced. AccCyclin H gene silencing reduced A. cerana cerana high‐temperature tolerance. Exogenous trehalose supplementation enhanced the total antioxidant capacity of A. cerana cerana, reduced the accumulation of oxidants, and improved the viability of A. cerana cerana under high‐temperature stress. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that trehalose can alleviate adverse stress and that AccCyclin H may participate in oxidative stress reactions by regulating trehalose metabolism. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerosis, a chronic systemic inflammatory condition, is implicated in most cardiovascular ischemic events. The pathophysiology of atherosclerosis involves various cell types and associated processes, including endothelial cell activation, monocyte recruitment, smooth muscle cell migration, involvement of macrophages and foam cells, and instability of the extracellular matrix. The process of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) has recently emerged as a pivotal process in mediating vascular inflammation associated with atherosclerosis. This transition occurs gradually, with a significant portion of endothelial cells adopting an intermediate state, characterized by a partial loss of endothelial-specific gene expression and the acquisition of "mesenchymal" traits. Consequently, this shift disrupts endothelial cell junctions, increases vascular permeability, and exacerbates inflammation, creating a self-perpetuating cycle that drives atherosclerotic progression. While endothelial cell dysfunction initiates the development of atherosclerosis, autophagy, a cellular catabolic process designed to safeguard cells by recycling intracellular molecules, is believed to exert a significant role in plaque development. Identifying the pathological mechanisms and molecular mediators of EndoMT underpinning endothelial autophagy, may be of clinical relevance. Here, we offer new insights into the underlying biology of atherosclerosis and present potential molecular mechanisms of atherosclerotic resistance and highlight potential therapeutic targets. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A comprehensive genomic analysis of central-type and peripheral-type Chinese NSCLCs was performed for the first time. • Central-type NSCLC tended to evolve at a higher level, with a higher frequency of TP53 mutations, POLE mutations, and defective DNA mismatch repair pathway. • TMB, CNA burden, neoantigen load, subclonal driver mutations, and subclonal mutations might be promising biomarkers for advanced central-type LUAD prognosis and prediction of chemotherapy responses in Chinese patients. Lung cancer is classified into central and peripheral types based on the anatomic location. The present study aimed to explore the distinct patterns of genomic alterations between central- and peripheral-type non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) with negative driver genes and identify potential driver genes and biomarkers to improve therapy strategies for NSCLC. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed with 182 tumor/control pairs of samples from 145 Chinese NSCLC patients without EGFR , ALK , or ROS1 alterations. Significantly mutated genes (SMGs) and somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) were identified. Subsequently, tumor mutation burden (TMB), weighted genome integrity index (wGII), copy number alteration (CNA) burden, Shannon diversity index (SDI), intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), neoantigen load (NAL), and clonal variations were evaluated in central- and peripheral-type NSCLCs. Furthermore, mutational signature analysis and survival analysis were performed. TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene in NSCLC and more frequently mutated in central-type NSCLC. Higher wGII, ITH, and SDI were found in central-type lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) than in peripheral-type LUAD. The NAL of central-type lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) with stage III/IV was significantly higher than that of peripheral-type LUSC. Mutational signature analysis revealed that SBS10b, SBS24, and ID7 were significantly different in central- and peripheral-type NSCLCs. Furthermore, central-type NSCLC was found to evolve at a higher level with fewer clones and more subclones, particularly in central-type LUSC. Survival analysis revealed that TMB, CNA burden, NAL, subclonal driver mutations, and subclonal mutations were negatively related to the overall survival (OS) and the progression-free survival (PFS) of central-type LUAD. Central-type NSCLC tended to evolve at a higher level and might suggest a favorable response to immunotherapy. Our study also identified several potential driver genes and promising biomarkers for the prognosis and prediction of chemotherapy responses in NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]