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Fiber torsional control is critical for reducing the hairiness of high-quality yarns during the yarn formation process. However, the applied fiber torsion that facilitates fiber motion and transfer in conventional ring spinning is still under exploration. In this study, we designed a device with dynamic- and static-friction rollers for reducing harmful hairiness. The key mechanisms and mechanical model of the applied forces on fiber torsion and motion contacting dynamic- and static-friction rollers were theoretically analyzed. Exceptional fiber torsion was obtained by creating gradient friction resistance from the varied applied pressures while providing full internal and external transfer to forcibly capture and trap exposed fibers into the main yarn body. Compared to conventional ring-spun yarns, yarns spun by the dynamic-friction roller exhibited reduced harmful hairiness, improved tensile properties, a tighter yarn surface, and improved yarn irregularity. However, the excessive force applied by the static-friction roller deformed exposed fibers to cause fiber accumulation and fiber loss, resulting in reduced yarn performance. These results can be used to develop novel spinning methods for various fiber materials for high-quality yarn production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The motion detection and thermotherapy provides a convenient strategy for the diagnosis and rehabilitation assessment of joint injuries. However, it is still challenging to simultaneously achieve accurate joint motion monitoring and on‐demand thermotherapy. Herein, core‐sheath sensing yarns (CSSYs) is proposed and fabricated for excellent electrical and photothermal heating, which consists of carbon black (CB)‐coated nylon (sheath layer), silver‐plated nylon and elastic spandex yarns (core layer). The CSSYs demonstrates great joule heating performance, which reaches 75 °C at 2 V applied voltage. The good thermal management performance can be well maintained when weaving these yarns into bifunctional smart textile. Further, the optimized double‐ply CSSYs (DPCSSYs) with helically twisted structure possess several appealing sensing performance, including preferable strain sensitivity (0.854), excellent linearity (0.962), and superior durability (over 5000 cycles). The as‐woven bifunctional smart textile can provide instant and convenient thermotherapy to the injured joints, and simultaneously monitor the injury and recovery conditions of the joint. Therefore, the designed bifunctional smart textile can provide a promising route for developing next‐generation healthcare smart textile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depleting fossil energy sources and conventional polluting power generation pose a threat to sustainable development. Hydroelectricity generation from ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water has been considered a promising strategy for mitigating the energy crisis. Fibrous materials with unique flexibility, processability, multifunctionality, and practicability have been widely applied for fibrous materials-based hydroelectricity generation (FHG). In this review, the power generation mechanisms, design principles, and electricity enhancement factors of FHG are first introduced. Then, the fabrication strategies and characteristics of varied constructions including 1D fiber, 1D yarn, 2D fabric, 2D membrane, 3D fibrous framework, and 3D fibrous gel are demonstrated. Afterward, the advanced functions of FHG during water harvesting, proton dissociation, ion separation, and charge accumulation processes are analyzed in detail. Moreover, the potential applications including power supply, energy storage, electrical sensor, and information expression are also discussed. Finally, some existing challenges are considered and prospects for future development are sincerely proposed., (© 2024. The Author(s).)