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Combining ability of nine sunflower inbreds (four cytoplasmic male sterile lines and five restorers) was tested in line x tester mating design. The material including parents and cross combinations were evaluated for nine agro-biochemical parameters. The inbreds viz., 67A and 47R were identified as good general combiners for seed yield and oil yield, 88A, 89A, 47R and GMU 1080 were identified as good general combiners for oil content and 67A, 179R and GMU 1080 exhibited good general combining ability for early maturity. Similarly, highest significant positive specific combining ability effects for seed yield were observed for crosses 38A x 179R followed by 89A x 179R and 88A x 159R. On the basis of positive significant SCA effects for oil percent the crosses 67A x GMU 1080, 89A x 159R and 88A x 150R were found to be superior. All the traits exhibited non-additive gene action and the proportional contribution to variability was maximum by crosses except for seed yield where lines contributed more towards variability. The crosses 67A x 47R, 89A x 179R, 38A x 179R and 88A x 150R recorded maximum average heterosis for seed and oil yield and the cross combinations 67A x 47R, 88A x 150R and 67A x GMU 1080 revealed maximum heterosis against better parent also for the above traits.

The article presents a study which investigated the genetic factors influencing yield in eggplant (Solanum melongena L) hybrids under organic cultivation conditions in India. Topics include genetic and phenotypic variations of India's primary origin for eggplant, effects of genotypes on yield and other characters in eggplant, and estimation of heterosis over the better parent and heck variety (PPL) for yield and other different characters in eggplant.

Combining ability of nine sunflower inbreds (four cytoplasmic male sterile lines and five restorers) was tested in line x tester mating design. The material including parents and cross combinations were evaluated for nine agro-biochemical parameters. The inbreds viz., 67A and 47R were identified as good general combiners for seed yield and oil yield, 88A, 89A, 47R and GMU 1080 were identified as good general combiners for oil content and 67A, 179R and GMU 1080 exhibited good general combining ability for early maturity. Similarly, highest significant positive specific combining ability effects for seed yield were observed for crosses 38A x 179R followed by 89A x 179R and 88A x 159R. On the basis of positive significant SCA effects for oil percent the crosses 67A x GMU 1080, 89A x 159R and 88A x 150R were found to be superior. All the traits exhibited non-additive gene action and the proportional contribution to variability was maximum by crosses except for seed yield where lines contributed more towards variability. The crosses 67A x 47R, 89A x 179R, 38A x 179R and 88A x 150R recorded maximum average heterosis for seed and oil yield and the cross combinations 67A x 47R, 88A x 150R and 67A x GMU 1080 revealed maximum heterosis against better parent also for the above traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combining ability, along with heterosis was elucidated for nine yield attributing and 10 grain quality traits in a set of 40 rice hybrid combinations derived from 13 parents using Line × Tester mating approach. The analysis of combining ability unveiled significant GCA and SCA variances, highlighting the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components. The ratio of dominant genetic variance to additive genetic variance exceeded unity, indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action in governing the inheritance of all examined traits. The parental line CO 55 and the testers IC 457996 and IC 208262 were recognized as good combiners for the majority of yield-related and grain-quality traits. Regarding per se performance, heterosis, and sca effects, the crosses CO 55 × IC 457996, ADT 54 × IC 115439 and ADT 54 × IC 115439 were found promising. Consequently, these combinations could be exploited for recombination breeding aimed at developing early maturing, high-yielding fine-grain rice varieties with market acceptance.

This study was conducted at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Cotton Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt, during two growing seasons (2022 and 2023). Four Egyptian cotton varieties were used as lines with four genotypes as testers, using line x tester analysis. Results indicated that the genotypes, parents, crosses, parents vs. crosses, lines, testers and line x tester were significant for all studied traits except uniformity index for lines. Most crosses exhibited significantly mid-parent heterosis for most studied traits, while, the crosses Giza95 x Australy13, Giza92 x Australy13, Giza93 x PimaS6 and Giza97 x Australy13 were significant useful heterosis (better-parent) for most yield traits and fiber properties. The line Giza95 was significant and positive desirable GCA effects for most yield traits except for boll weight, while the lines Giza92 and Giza93 were significant desirable GCA effects for most fiber properties studied. As well as, the tester Australy13 was significant and positive desirable GCA effects for most yield traits studied. The crosses Giza92 x Australy13 and Giza95x TNB1 were significant and positive desirable SCA effects for most yield studied traits. However proportion contribution of lines was higher than of lines x testers interaction and testers for most studied traits. The non-additive genetic variance was larger than additive genetic variance for most studied traits, except for seed cotton yield/plant and lint cotton yield/plant. Heritability narrow sense (h2 b%) estimate was obtained for lint cotton yield/plant which recorded 61.67%, while for lint percentage was recorded moderate values 7.35%. Broad sense heritability estimates (h2 n%) were ranged from 60.85% to 91.25% for uniformity index and micronaire reading, respectively. Generally, Giza95 and Australy13 could be used for improving high yielding cotton varieties in plant breeding programs, while Giza92 and Giza93 considered as beneficial parents for breeding programs to produce new varieties characterized with best the fiber quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combining ability, along with heterosis was elucidated for nine yield attributing and 10 grain quality traits in a set of 40 rice hybrid combinations derived from 13 parents using Line x Tester mating approach. The analysis of combining ability unveiled significant GCA and SCA variances, highlighting the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic components. The ratio of dominant genetic variance to additive genetic variance exceeded unity, indicating the prevalence of non-additive gene action in governing the inheritance of all examined traits. The parental line CO 55 and the testers IC 457996 and IC 208262 were recognized as good combiners for the majority of yield-related and grain-quality traits. Regarding per se performance, heterosis, and sca effects, the crosses CO 55 x IC 457996 and ADT 54 x IC 115439 were found promising. Consequently, these combinations could be exploited for recombination breeding aimed at developing early maturing, high-yielding fine-grain rice varieties with market acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]