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Seven fatty acids were detected by GC-MS in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil extracted at different temperatures, including Palmitic acid C16:0, Stearic acid C18:0, Oleic acid C18:1, Eicosenoic acid C20:1, Docosenoic acid C22:1, Tetracosenoic acid C24:1, and Linoleic acid C18:2. The highest content of nervonic acid (NA) was found in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil extracted at 70 °C. Three methods were selected to analyze the extraction rate of nervonic acid in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil, including urea complexation, low-temperature solvent crystallization, and a combined treatment using these two methods. The final content of nervonic acid obtained was 14.07%, 19.66%, and 40.17%, respectively. The combined treatment method increased the purity of nervonic acid in Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge seed oil by 12.62 times. Meanwhile, thermogravimetric behavior analysis of samples extracted using different methods was conducted by thermogravimetric analyzer, which suggested that the thermal stability of the samples extracted by the combined treatment was enhanced. These results can provide a new process parameter and scientific basis for the extraction of NA. At the same time, FTIR and NMR were also used to characterize the combined extraction sample, and the structure of the samples was proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prickly ash peel oleoresin (PPO) is a highly concentrated oil of Prickly ash essential oil and has a stronger aroma. However, its low water solubility, high volatility, difficulty in transport and storage, and decomposition by light, heat, and oxygen limit its wider application. To solve this problem, this study used freeze-drying or spray-drying, with soybean protein isolate (SPI) or gum Arabic (GA), combined with aqueous maltodextrin (MD) as the encapsulating agents to prepare four types of PPO microcapsules (POMs). Spray-dried microcapsules with GA as the encapsulating agent achieved a high encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 92.31 ± 0.31%, improved the thermal stability of the PPO, and had spherical morphology. (Headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) HS-SPME/GC-MS detected 41 volatile compounds in PPO; of these, linalool, β-myrcene, sabinene, and D-limonene were identified as key flavor components. Principal component analysis (PCA) effectively distinguished the significant differences in flavor between PPO, spray-dried SPI/MD microcapsules (SS), and spray-dried GA/MD microcapsules (SG). During 15 days of air-exposure, the loss of flavor from SG (54.62 ± 0.54%) was significantly lower than PPO (79.45 ± 1.45%) and SS (57.55 ± 0.36%). During the air-exposure period, SG consistently had the highest antioxidant capacity, making it desirable for PPO packaging, and expanding its potential applications within the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we consider the long time well-posedness of solutions to two-dimensional compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer equations. When the initial data is a small perturbation of a steady solution with size of $ \varepsilon $, then the lifespan of solutions in Sobolev spaces is proved to be greater than $ \varepsilon^{-\frac43} $. And such a result can be extended to the case that both initial data and far-field state are small perturbations around the steady states. Moreover, it holds true for both isentropic and non-isentropic magnetohydrodynamic boundary layer equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses the method of literature and logical analysis to discuss the concept of sustainable development of United Nations and its theoretical significance in the sustainable development of the Beijing Winter Olympics legacy, and on this basis, explores the connotation of sustainable development of the Beijing Winter Olympics legacy and the principles of post-game development. As a result, the concept of sustainable development of United Nations provides useful references for the sustainable development of the Beijing Winter Olympics legacy, and also has certain reference significance for the Beijing Winter Olympics legacy to clarify its systematic development nature, balance development direction, unify development vision and related development effects of economy, society and environment. Based on that, this study summarizes the connotation of the sustainable development of Beijing Winter Olympic legacy as "compatibility with the ecological environment", "combination with social development", and "co-prosperity with economic development". At the same time, four post-game sustainable development principles such as people-oriented, coordinated and co-governance, co-construction and sharing, and gradual progress are proposed, in order to provide theoretical references for the post-game inheritance and sustainable development of the legacy for the Beijing Winter Olympics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]