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31 results on '"Li, H. Y."'

1. Constraints on Ultra Heavy Dark Matter Properties from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with LHAASO Observations

Author

Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Saiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In this work we try to search for signals generated by ultra-heavy dark matter at the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) data. We look for possible gamma-ray by dark matter annihilation or decay from 16 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the field of view of LHAASO. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies are among the most promising targets for indirect detection of dark matter which have low fluxes of astrophysical $\gamma$-ray background while large amount of dark matter. By analyzing more than 700 days observational data at LHAASO, no significant dark matter signal from 1 TeV to 1 EeV is detected. Accordingly we derive the most stringent constraints on the ultra-heavy dark matter annihilation cross-section up to EeV. The constraints on the lifetime of dark matter in decay mode are also derived., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted by PRL

Published
2024

2. Discovery of Very-high-energy Gamma-ray Emissions from the Low Luminosity AGN NGC 4278 by LHAASO

Author

Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, J. H., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., Zou, Y. C., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The first source catalog of Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory reported the detection of a very-high-energy gamma ray source, 1LHAASO J1219+2915. In this paper a further detailed study of the spectral and temporal behavior of this point-like source have been carried. The best-fit position of the TeV source ($\rm{RA}=185.05^{\circ}\pm0.04^{\circ}$, $\rm{Dec}=29.25^{\circ}\pm0.03^{\circ}$) is compatible with NGC 4278 within $\sim0.03$ degree. Variation analysis shows an indication of the variability at a few months level in the TeV band, which is consistent with low frequency observations. Based on these observations, we report the detection of TeV $\gamma$-ray emissions from this low-luminosity AGN NGC 4278. The observations by LHAASO-WCDA during active period has a significance level of 8.8\,$\sigma$ with best-fit photon spectral index $\varGamma=2.56\pm0.14$ and a flux $f_{1-10\,\rm{TeV}}=(7.0\pm1.1_{\rm{sta}}\pm0.35_{\rm{syst}})\times10^{-13}\,\rm{photons\,cm^{-2}\,s^{-1}}$, or approximately $5\%$ of the Crab Nebula. The discovery of VHE from NGC 4278 indicates that the compact, weak radio jet can efficiently accelerate particles and emit TeV photons., Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

3. Search for solar axions by Primakoff effect with the full dataset of the CDEX-1B Experiment

Author

Yang, L. T., Liu, S. K., Yue, Q., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., An, H. P., C., Greeshma, Chang, J. P., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Fang, C. H., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Guo, Q. J., Guo, T., Guo, X. Y., He, L., He, J. R., Hu, J. W., Huang, H. X., Huang, T. C., Jiang, L., Karmakar, S., Li, H. B., Li, H. Y., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, M. C., Li, Q. Y., Li, R. M. J., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. L., Liang, Y. F., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, J. X., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. Y., Ma, H., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Shen, M. B., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Sun, W. L., Tang, C. J., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. X., Wong, H. T., Wu, Y. C., Xing, H. Y., Xiong, K. Z., Xu, R., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Zeng, M., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, K. K., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the first limit on $g_{A\gamma}$ coupling constant using the Bragg-Primakoff conversion based on an exposure of 1107.5 kg days of data from the CDEX-1B experiment at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. The data are consistent with the null signal hypothesis, and no excess signals are observed. Limits of the coupling $g_{A\gamma}<2.08\times10^{-9}$ GeV$^{-1}$ (95\% C.L.) are derived for axions with mass up to 100 eV/$c^2$. Within the hadronic model of KSVZ, our results exclude axion mass $>5.3~\rm{eV}/c^2$ at 95\% C.L., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

4. First Search for Light Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption on Electrons Using Germanium Detector in CDEX-10 Experiment

Author

Liu, J. X., Yang, L. T., Yue, Q., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., An, H. P., C., Greeshma, Chang, J. P., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Fang, C. H., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Guo, Q. J., Guo, T., Guo, X. Y., He, L., He, J. R., Hu, J. W., Huang, H. X., Huang, T. C., Jiang, L., Karmakar, S., Li, H. B., Li, H. Y., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, M. C., Li, Q. Y., Li, R. M. J., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. L., Liang, Y. F., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, S. K., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. Y., Ma, H., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Shen, M. B., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Sun, W. L., Tang, C. J., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. X., Wong, H. T., Wu, Y. C., Xing, H. Y., Xiong, K. Z., Xu, R., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Zeng, M., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, K. K., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present the first results of the search for sub-MeV fermionic dark matter absorbed by electron targets of Germanium using the 205.4~kg$\cdot$day data collected by the CDEX-10 experiment, with the analysis threshold of 160~eVee. No significant dark matter (DM) signals over the background are observed. Results are presented as limits on the cross section of DM--electron interaction. We present new constraints of cross section in the DM range of 0.1--10 keV/$c^2$ for vector and axial-vector interaction. The upper limit on the cross section is set to be $\rm 5.5\times10^{-46}~cm^2$ for vector interaction, and $\rm 1.8\times10^{-46}~cm^2$ for axial-vector interaction at DM mass of 5 keV/$c^2$., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

5. LHAASO-KM2A detector simulation using Geant4

Author

Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zheng, J. H., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

KM2A is one of the main sub-arrays of LHAASO, working on gamma ray astronomy and cosmic ray physics at energies above 10 TeV. Detector simulation is the important foundation for estimating detector performance and data analysis. It is a big challenge to simulate the KM2A detector in the framework of Geant4 due to the need to track numerous photons from a large number of detector units (>6000) with large altitude difference (30 m) and huge coverage (1.3 km^2). In this paper, the design of the KM2A simulation code G4KM2A based on Geant4 is introduced. The process of G4KM2A is optimized mainly in memory consumption to avoid memory overffow. Some simpliffcations are used to signiffcantly speed up the execution of G4KM2A. The running time is reduced by at least 30 times compared to full detector simulation. The particle distributions and the core/angle resolution comparison between simulation and experimental data of the full KM2A array are also presented, which show good agreement.

Published
2024
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6. Constraints on the Blazar-Boosted Dark Matter from the CDEX-10 Experiment

Author

Xu, R., Yang, L. T., Yue, Q., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., An, H. P., C., Greeshma, Chang, J. P., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Fang, C. H., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Guo, Q. J., Guo, T., Guo, X. Y., He, L., He, S. M., Hu, J. W., Huang, H. X., Huang, T. C., Jiang, L., Karmakar, S., Li, H. B., Li, H. Y., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, Q. Y., Li, R. M. J., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. L., Liang, Y. F., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, J. X., Liu, S. K., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. Y., Ma, H., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Ning, J. H., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Tang, C. J., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. X., Wong, H. T., Wu, S. Y., Wu, Y. C., Xing, H. Y., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Yue, J. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, K. K., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report new constraints on light dark matter (DM) boosted by blazars using the 205.4 kg day data from the CDEX-10 experiment located at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory. Two representative blazars, TXS 0506+56 and BL Lacertae are studied. The results derived from TXS 0506+56 exclude DM-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections from $4.6\times 10^{-33}\ \rm cm^2$ to $1\times10^{-26}\ \rm cm^2$ for DM masses between 10 keV and 1 GeV, and the results derived from BL Lacertae exclude DM-nucleon elastic scattering cross sections from $2.4\times 10^{-34}\ \rm cm^2$ to $1\times10^{-26}\ \rm cm^2$ for the same range of DM masses. The constraints correspond to the best sensitivities among solid-state detector experiments in the sub-MeV mass range., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

7. Probing Dark Matter Particles from Evaporating Primordial Black Holes via Electron Scattering in the CDEX-10 Experiment

Author

Zhang, Z. H., Yang, L. T., Yue, Q., Kang, K. J., Li, Y. J., An, H. P., C., Greeshma, Chang, J. P., Chen, Y. H., Cheng, J. P., Dai, W. H., Deng, Z., Fang, C. H., Geng, X. P., Gong, H., Guo, Q. J., Guo, T., Guo, X. Y., He, L., He, S. M., Hu, J. W., Huang, H. X., Huang, T. C., Jiang, L., Karmakar, S., Li, H. B., Li, H. Y., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, Q. Y., Li, R. M. J., Li, X. Q., Li, Y. L., Liang, Y. F., Liao, B., Lin, F. K., Lin, S. T., Liu, J. X., Liu, S. K., Liu, Y. D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. Y., Ma, H., Mao, Y. C., Nie, Q. Y., Ning, J. H., Pan, H., Qi, N. C., Ren, J., Ruan, X. C., Singh, M. K., Sun, T. X., Tang, C. J., Tian, Y., Wang, G. F., Wang, J. Z., Wang, L., Wang, Q., Wang, Y. F., Wang, Y. X., Wong, H. T., Wu, S. Y., Wu, Y. C., Xing, H. Y., Xu, R., Xu, Y., Xue, T., Yan, Y. L., Yi, N., Yu, C. X., Yu, H. J., Yue, J. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, Z., Zhang, B. T., Zhang, F. S., Zhang, L., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, J. Z., Zhao, K. K., Zhao, M. G., Zhou, J. F., Zhou, Z. Y., and Zhu, J. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Dark matter (DM) is a major constituent of the Universe. However, no definite evidence of DM particles (denoted as ``$\chi$") has been found in DM direct detection (DD) experiments to date. There is a novel concept that detecting $\chi$ from evaporating primordial black holes (PBHs). We search for $\chi$ emitted from PBHs by investigating their interaction with target electrons. The examined PBH masses range from 1$\times$10$^{15}$ to 7$\times$10$^{16}$ g under the current limits of PBH abundance $f_{PBH}$. Using 205.4 kg$\cdot$day data obtained from the CDEX-10 experiment conducted in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, we exclude the $\chi$--electron ($\chi$--$e$) elastic-scattering cross section $\sigma_{\chi e} \sim 5\times10^{-29}$ cm$^2$ for $\chi$ with a mass $m_{\chi}\lesssim$ 0.1 keV from our results. If ($m_{\chi}$, $\sigma_{\chi e}$) can be determined in the future, DD experiments are expected to impose strong constraints on $f_{PBH}$ for large $M_{PBH}$s., Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024

8. Measurements of All-Particle Energy Spectrum and Mean Logarithmic Mass of Cosmic Rays from 0.3 to 30 PeV with LHAASO-KM2A

Author

The LHAASO Collaboration, Cao, Zhen, Aharonian, F., An, Q., Axikegu, A., Bai, Y. X., Bao, Y. W., Bastieri, D., Bi, X. J., Bi, Y. J., Cai, J. T., Cao, Q., Cao, W. Y., Cao, Zhe, Chang, J., Chang, J. F., Chen, A. M., Chen, E. S., Chen, Liang, Chen, Lin, Chen, Long, Chen, M. J., Chen, M. L., Chen, Q. H., Chen, S. H., Chen, S. Z., Chen, T. L., Chen, Y., Cheng, N., Cheng, Y. D., Cui, M. Y., Cui, S. W., Cui, X. H., Cui, Y. D., Dai, B. Z., Dai, H. L., Dai, Z. G., Danzengluobu, della Volpe, D., Dong, X. Q., Duan, K. K., Fan, J. H., Fan, Y. Z., Fang, J., Fang, K., Feng, C. F., Feng, L., Feng, S. H., Feng, X. T., Feng, Y. L., Gabici, S., Gao, B., Gao, C. D., Gao, L. Q., Gao, Q., Gao, W., Gao, W. K., Ge, M. M., Geng, L. S., Giacinti, G., Gong, G. H., Gou, Q. B., Gu, M. H., Guo, F. L., Guo, X. L., Guo, Y. Q., Guo, Y. Y., Han, Y. A., He, H. H., He, H. N., He, J. Y., He, X. B., He, Y., Heller, M., Hor, Y. K., Hou, B. W., Hou, C., Hou, X., Hu, H. B., Hu, Q., Hu, S. C., Huang, D. H., Huang, T. Q., Huang, W. J., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. Y., Huang, Y., Huang, Z. C., Ji, X. L., Jia, H. Y., Jia, K., Jiang, K., Jiang, X. W., Jiang, Z. J., Jin, M., Kang, M. M., Ke, T., Kuleshov, D., Kurinov, K., Li, B. B., Li, Cheng, Li, Cong, Li, D., Li, F., Li, H. B., Li, H. C., Li, H. Y., Li, J., Li, Jian, Li, Jie, Li, K., Li, W. L., Li, X. R., Li, Xin, Li, Y. Z., Li, Zhe, Li, Zhuo, Liang, E. W., Liang, Y. F., Lin, S. J., Liu, B., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, H., Liu, H. D., Liu, J., Liu, J. L., Liu, J. Y., Liu, M. Y., Liu, R. Y., Liu, S. M., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. N., Lu, R., Luo, Q., Lv, H. K., Ma, B. Q., Ma, L. L., Ma, X. H., Mao, J. R., Min, Z., Mitthumsiri, W., Mu, H. J., Nan, Y. C., Neronov, A., Ou, Z. W., Pang, B. Y., Pattarakijwanich, P., Pei, Z. Y., Qi, M. Y., Qi, Y. Q., Qiao, B. Q., Qin, J. J., Ruffolo, D., Sáiz, A., Semikoz, D., Shao, C. Y., Shao, L., Shchegolev, O., Sheng, X. D., Shu, F. W., Song, H. C., Stenkin, Yu. V., Stepanov, V., Su, Y., Sun, Q. N., Sun, X. N., Sun, Z. B., Tam, P. H. T., Tang, Q. W., Tang, Z. B., Tian, W. W., Wang, C., Wang, C. B., Wang, G. W., Wang, H. G., Wang, H. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, K., Wang, L. P., Wang, L. Y., Wang, P. H., Wang, R., Wang, W., Wang, X. G., Wang, X. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. J., Wang, Z. H., Wang, Z. X., Wang, Zhen, Wang, Zheng, Wei, D. M., Wei, J. J., Wei, Y. J., Wen, T., Wu, C. Y., Wu, H. R., Wu, S., Wu, X. F., Wu, Y. S., Xi, S. Q., Xia, J., Xia, J. J., Xiang, G. M., Xiao, D. X., Xiao, G., Xin, G. G., Xin, Y. L., Xing, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, D. L., Xu, R. F., Xu, R. X., Xu, W. L., Xue, L., Yan, D. H., Yan, J. Z., Yan, T., Yang, C. W., Yang, F., Yang, F. F., Yang, H. W., Yang, J. Y., Yang, L. L., Yang, M. J., Yang, R. Z., Yang, S. B., Yao, Y. H., Yao, Z. G., Ye, Y. M., Yin, L. Q., Yin, N., You, X. H., You, Z. Y., Yu, Y. H., Yuan, Q., Yue, H., Zeng, H. D., Zeng, T. X., Zeng, W., Zha, M., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, F., Zhang, H. M., Zhang, H. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, L. X., Zhang, Li, Zhang, P. F., Zhang, P. P., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. R., Zhang, S. S., Zhang, X., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, B., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, L. Z., Zhao, S. P., Zheng, F., Zhou, B., Zhou, H., Zhou, J. N., Zhou, M., Zhou, P., Zhou, R., Zhou, X. X., Zhu, C. G., Zhu, F. R., Zhu, H., Zhu, K. J., and Zuo, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present the measurements of all-particle energy spectrum and mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays in the energy range of 0.3-30 PeV using data collected from LHAASO-KM2A between September 2021 and December 2022, which is based on a nearly composition-independent energy reconstruction method, achieving unprecedented accuracy. Our analysis reveals the position of the knee at $3.67 \pm 0.05 \pm 0.15$ PeV. Below the knee, the spectral index is found to be -$2.7413 \pm 0.0004 \pm 0.0050$, while above the knee, it is -$3.128 \pm 0.005 \pm 0.027$, with the sharpness of the transition measured with a statistical error of 2%. The mean logarithmic mass of cosmic rays is almost heavier than helium in the whole measured energy range. It decreases from 1.7 at 0.3 PeV to 1.3 at 3 PeV, representing a 24% decline following a power law with an index of -$0.1200 \pm 0.0003 \pm 0.0341$. This is equivalent to an increase in abundance of light components. Above the knee, the mean logarithmic mass exhibits a power law trend towards heavier components, which is reversal to the behavior observed in the all-particle energy spectrum. Additionally, the knee position and the change in power-law index are approximately the same. These findings suggest that the knee observed in the all-particle spectrum corresponds to the knee of the light component, rather than the medium-heavy components., Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures

Published
2024
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11. High-Temperature Crack Growth Characteristics Under Dwell-Fatigue in a PM Superalloy for Disc Applications

Author

Li, H. Y., Hardy, M. C., Lee, C. Y. N., Doel, T. J. A., Jiang, J. Y., Kitaguchi, H. S., Buckingham, R. C., Bowen, P., Cormier, Jonathan, editor, Edmonds, Ian, editor, Forsik, Stephane, editor, Kontis, Paraskevas, editor, O’Connell, Corey, editor, Smith, Timothy, editor, Suzuki, Akane, editor, Tin, Sammy, editor, and Zhang, Jian, editor

Published
2024
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15. EFFECT OF BIOCHAR ON THE ACTIVITY OF ENZYME IN THE NUTRIENT CYCLE OF TYPICAL SOIL AGGERGATES IN NORTHEAST CHINA.

Author

DING, J. N., GUO, J. R., GU, J. X., HUANG, A. Z., LI, H. Y., and LUO, K. Y.

Subjects
BLACK cotton soil, SOIL structure, POLYPHENOL oxidase, NUTRIENT cycles, SOIL enzymology
Abstract

This study used a potted experiment to apply biochar to black soil (BCS) and saline-alkali soil (BSAS) in Northeast China, with a dosage of 0 and 300 g biochar/pot applied, respectively. The original black soil (CS) and saline-alkali soil (SAS) were used as controls to investigate the effects of different particle sizes of soil aggregates on the activity of enzymes related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycle. Compared with CS and SAS, the soil organic matter (SOM) values for biochar added into the black soil (BCS) and saline-alkali soil (BSAS) treatments were increased significantly by 41.86 % and 31.98 %. Compared with CS, BCS significantly increased the polyphenol oxidase and ß-1,4-glucosidase activity. Polyphenol oxidation activity, endo-1,4-ß-D-glucanohydrolase activity, ß-1,4-glucosidase activity and xylanase activity are more active in particles with a diameter of >2 mm. The alkaline phase activity and Coenzyme activity with BCS treatment was highest in soil aggregates with sizes of 1~2 mm and >5 mm, respectively. Mantel test analysis shows a highly significant effects between SOM and total nitrogen content (TN) with soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium cycling. Therefore, from the perspective of soil enzyme activities, application of biochar is more effective in promoting soil bio-fertility in northeastern soil of China. Biochar to the soil is more likely to promote the improvement of soil biological fertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Dissecting the Characteristics and Driver Factors on Global Water Use Efficiency Using GLASS Data Sets.

Author

Hu, Z. Y., Dai, Q. H., Yan, Y. J., Zhang, Y., Li, H. Y., Zhou, H., and Yao, Y. W.

Subjects
WATER efficiency, VAPOR pressure, STRUCTURAL equation modeling, SPATIOTEMPORAL processes, HYDROLOGIC cycle, CLIMATE change
Abstract

Ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial parameter for understanding the interaction between carbon and water cycles. However, the spatio–temporal evolution and drivers of WUE remain unclear. This study utilized global annual scale global land surface satellite gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration data from 1982 to 2018 to estimate WUE and analyze its spatio–temporal characteristics. Additionally, the study investigated the response of WUE changes to five environmental factors (precipitation [PRE], soil moisture, temperature [TEM], palmer drought severity index, and vapor pressure deficit [VPD]) on WUE changes using partial correlation and structural equation modeling. The results suggested that the global annual WUE increased markedly over the study period, at an average rate of 0.0016 gC m−2 mm−1 H2O year−1. In contrast to the existing knowledge on the drivers of WUE change, climate change was found to have a larger contribution to WUE changes at the global and regional scales, especially in terms of TEM and VPD. A positive correlation between TEM and WUE was observed, but extreme TEM could lead to a decrease in WUE. VPD had the most significant direct effect on WUE, and its negative effect offset the positive influence of TEM especially in hyper‐arid, semi‐arid, and arid regions. These findings offer new insights into the impact of VPD and global warming on WUE. Plain Language Summary: Water use efficiency (WUE), defined as the ratio of gross primary productivity to evapotranspiration, is one of the key indicators for measuring the carbon‐water coupling in ecosystems. Analyzing the temporal and spatial evolution of global WUE and its influencing factors can offer valuable insights into addressing the challenges posed by global climate change. In this study, we examined the spatio‐temporal dynamics of global WUE over an extensive time span and utilized structural equation modeling to identify the primary drivers of WUE variation. Our findings reveal a consistent increasing trend in annual global WUE from 1982 to 2018, with an average annual increase of 0.0016 gC m−2 mm−1 H2O. Temperature and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) emerged as the key drivers of WUE changes, with the positive effect of temperature on WUE being counteracted by its negative influence through VPD (approximately 75%). This research contributes to our understanding of how climate change impacts carbon and water cycles within ecosystems and lays a foundation for enhancing carbon budget assessments. Key Points: Global water use efficiency (WUE) increased at an average rate of 0.0016 gC m−2 mm−1 H2O year−1 between 1982 and 2018Extreme temperatures that either excessively high (>26°C) or low (<2°C) can cause WUE to decreaseThe positive effect of temperature on WUE was offset by its negative effect on WUE through vapor pressure deficit [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Dielectric and ferroelectric photovoltaic properties of epitaxial BiFeO3 film with La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 bottom electrode.

Author

Wang, Y. M., Zhang, X. G., Zeng, H. Y., Ji, S. Y., Fan, X. Y., Li, H. Y., Yin, Y. L., Yi, Z. R., Li, G., and Song, J. M.

Subjects
FERROELECTRIC thin films, DIELECTRICS, FERROELECTRICITY, LEAD titanate, OPEN-circuit voltage, FERROELECTRIC capacitors, PHOTOVOLTAIC effect
Abstract

In order to deeply investigate the dielectric and ferroelectric photovoltaic properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films, the Pt/BFO/La 0. 5 Sr 0. 5 CoO3 (LSCO) heterostructure ferroelectric capacitor grown on (001) SrTiO3 (STO) substrate is successfully fabricated by off-axis magnetron sputtering. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Phi scanning results show that the STO-based BFO and LSCO films are both (001) epitaxial structure. Although the BFO ferroelectric film exhibits an obvious dielectric dispersion phenomenon, a remarkable ferroelectric photovoltaic performance is obtained with open circuit voltage ( V OC ) of 0.38 V and short-circuit current ( J SC ) of 0.23 mA/cm2, respectively. With increasing test temperatures, V OC decreases slowly and then rapidly, while J SC increases rapidly and then decreases. At a critical temperature of 80∘C, the BFO ferroelectric film exhibits a faster photovoltaic response, in which the values of V OC and J SC are about 0.19 V and 0.28 mA/cm2, respectively. Moreover, the energy band analysis indicates that a large work function difference (∼ 1 eV) between LSCO and Pt leads to a strong built-in electric field in the BFO film, which is beneficial to separate the photo-generated carriers and improve ferroelectric photovoltaic effect. In all, this study not only shows that BFO is an excellent and environmentally friendly photovoltaic candidate material, but also provides a practical strategy for improving the performance of BFO ferroelectric photovoltaic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. HYPERSPECTRAL ESTIMATION OF FOXTAIL MILLET (SETARIA ITALICA) GRAIN PROTEIN CONTENTS BY USING PHOTOSYNTHETIC RATE PARAMETERS UNDER DIFFERENT PHOTOPERIODS.

Author

LI, H. Y., LI, R., TIAN, X., CHEN, L., WANG, H. G., FAHAD, S., QIAO, Z., and WANG, J. J.

Subjects
FOXTAIL millet, PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates, MACHINE learning, POTTED plants, PROTEINS
Abstract

To predict the grain protein content of foxtail millet in a timely, effective, and rapid manner, the study used the net photosynthetic rate of leaves as an intermediate parameter. By using hyperspectral reflectance-net photosynthetic rate of leaves-grain protein content and using the 2020 potted plant experiment data, hyperspectral data and its first derivative (1ST) data with different photoperiod treatments, the models were constructed using machine learning algorithms (SVM, PLS and BP) based on net photosynthetic rate. The results revealed that the accuracy of the SVM model was better than that of the PLS model and BP model, and the SVM model based on the first derivative (1ST) spectral reflectivity was better than the original spectral (R) reflectivity, the R2, RMSE, RPD of the modeling set and validation set were 0.988, 0.732, 0.823, 4.061, 8.697, 1.810, respectively The correlation coefficient between net photosynthetic rate and grain protein content was 0.872 and R2 was 0.719 at 10 days after anthesis. The SVM model can be used to accurately monitor the grain protein content of foxtail millet, and provide technical support for hyperspectral techniques in high-yield cultivation and Intensive farming of foxtail millet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Low current density electropolishing and corrosion resistance study of 304 stainless steel

Author

Zhu, Q. Q., Li, H. Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Z. W., Zhou, Z. Q., and Shu, C. H.

Abstract

In response to the challenge posed by electrical breakdown occurrences during the conventional current density electrolytic polishing of large-scale stainless steel workpieces, this investigation delved into the parameters of low current density electrolytic polishing process. The study scrutinised the surface morphology and corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel, employing tools such as metallographic microscopy, a roughness gauge, and an electrochemical workstation. Within a sulphuric acid–phosphoric acid-based electrolyte characterised by a volume ratio of 1:2, the optimal mass concentration ratio of salicylic acid and saccharin was ascertained to be 3:3. By configuring the process parameters to 10 A dm−2and 20 min, outcomes of electrolytic polishing were obtained that stood on par with the conventional current density approach. The stainless steel surface exhibited a surface roughness measuring a mere 0.08 µm and characterised by a corrosion current density of 1.907 × 10−8A cm−2and a corrosion potential of −0.0965 V.

Published
2024
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23. Constraints on Ultraheavy Dark Matter Properties from Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies with LHAASO Observations.

Author

Cao Z, Aharonian F, An Q, Axikegu, Bai YX, Bao YW, Bastieri D, Bi XJ, Bi YJ, Cai JT, Cao Q, Cao WY, Cao Z, Chang J, Chang JF, Chen AM, Chen ES, Chen L, Chen L, Chen L, Chen MJ, Chen ML, Chen QH, Chen SH, Chen SZ, Chen TL, Chen Y, Cheng N, Cheng YD, Cui MY, Cui SW, Cui XH, Cui YD, Dai BZ, Dai HL, Dai ZG, Danzengluobu, Della Volpe D, Dong XQ, Duan KK, Fan JH, Fan YZ, Fang J, Fang K, Feng CF, Feng L, Feng SH, Feng XT, Feng YL, Gabici S, Gao B, Gao CD, Gao LQ, Gao Q, Gao W, Gao WK, Ge MM, Geng LS, Giacinti G, Gong GH, Gou QB, Gu MH, Guo FL, Guo XL, Guo YQ, Guo YY, Han YA, He HH, He HN, He JY, He XB, He Y, Heller M, Hor YK, Hou BW, Hou C, Hou X, Hu HB, Hu Q, Hu SC, Huang DH, Huang TQ, Huang WJ, Huang XT, Huang XY, Huang Y, Huang ZC, Ji XL, Jia HY, Jia K, Jiang K, Jiang XW, Jiang ZJ, Jin M, Kang MM, Ke T, Kuleshov D, Kurinov K, Li BB, Li C, Li C, Li D, Li F, Li HB, Li HC, Li HY, Li J, Li J, Li J, Li K, Li WL, Li WL, Li XR, Li X, Li YZ, Li Z, Li Z, Liang EW, Liang YF, Lin SJ, Liu B, Liu C, Liu D, Liu H, Liu HD, Liu J, Liu JL, Liu JY, Liu MY, Liu RY, Liu SM, Liu W, Liu Y, Liu YN, Lu R, Luo Q, Lv HK, Ma BQ, Ma LL, Ma XH, Mao JR, Min Z, Mitthumsiri W, Mu HJ, Nan YC, Neronov A, Ou ZW, Pang BY, Pattarakijwanich P, Pei ZY, Qi MY, Qi YQ, Qiao BQ, Qin JJ, Ruffolo D, Sáiz A, Semikoz D, Shao CY, Shao L, Shchegolev O, Sheng XD, Shu FW, Song HC, Stenkin YV, Stepanov V, Su Y, Sun QN, Sun XN, Sun ZB, Tam PHT, Tang QW, Tang ZB, Tian WW, Wang C, Wang CB, Wang GW, Wang HG, Wang HH, Wang JC, Wang K, Wang LP, Wang LY, Wang PH, Wang R, Wang W, Wang XG, Wang XY, Wang Y, Wang YD, Wang YJ, Wang ZH, Wang ZX, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wei DM, Wei JJ, Wei YJ, Wen T, Wu CY, Wu HR, Wu S, Wu XF, Wu YS, Xi SQ, Xia J, Xia JJ, Xiang GM, Xiao DX, Xiao G, Xin GG, Xin YL, Xing Y, Xiong Z, Xu DL, Xu RF, Xu RX, Xu WL, Xue L, Yan DH, Yan JZ, Yan T, Yang CW, Yang F, Yang FF, Yang HW, Yang JY, Yang LL, Yang MJ, Yang RZ, Yang SB, Yao YH, Yao ZG, Ye YM, Yin LQ, Yin N, You XH, You ZY, Yu YH, Yuan Q, Yue H, Zeng HD, Zeng TX, Zeng W, Zha M, Zhang BB, Zhang F, Zhang HM, Zhang HY, Zhang JL, Zhang LX, Zhang L, Zhang PF, Zhang PP, Zhang R, Zhang SB, Zhang SR, Zhang SS, Zhang X, Zhang XP, Zhang YF, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao LZ, Zhao SP, Zheng F, Zhou B, Zhou H, Zhou JN, Zhou M, Zhou P, Zhou R, Zhou XX, Zhu CG, Zhu FR, Zhu H, Zhu KJ, and Zuo X

Abstract

In this Letter we try to search for signals generated by ultraheavy dark matter at the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) data. We look for possible γ rays by dark matter annihilation or decay from 16 dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the field of view of the LHAASO. Dwarf spheroidal galaxies are among the most promising targets for indirect detection of dark matter that have low fluxes of astrophysical γ-ray background while having large amount of dark matter. By analyzing more than 700 days of observational data at LHAASO, no significant dark matter signal from 1 TeV to 1 EeV is detected. Accordingly we derive the most stringent constraints on the ultraheavy dark matter annihilation cross section up to EeV. The constraints on the lifetime of dark matter in decay mode are also derived.

Published
2024
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24. [Primary immunodeficiency disease based on ITK mutation: report of a case].

Author

Li HY, Wu X, Yang FC, Li ZF, Li YC, and Li YC

Subjects
Humans, Burkitt Lymphoma genetics, Burkitt Lymphoma pathology, Male, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections genetics, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases genetics, Lymphadenopathy genetics, Lymphadenopathy pathology, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes genetics, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome genetics, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome diagnosis, Female, Lymphoproliferative Disorders genetics, Lymphoproliferative Disorders pathology, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases genetics, Mutation
Published
2024
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25. [Application of cardiopulmonary exercise test in children with respiratory system diseases].

Author

Sun XY, Xu CF, Li HY, and Zhang HL

Subjects
Humans, Child, Cystic Fibrosis physiopathology, Cystic Fibrosis diagnosis, Respiratory Tract Diseases diagnosis, Respiratory Tract Diseases physiopathology, Hypertension, Pulmonary diagnosis, Hypertension, Pulmonary physiopathology, Exercise Tolerance, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia diagnosis, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia physiopathology, Dyspnea diagnosis, Dyspnea physiopathology, Anaerobic Threshold, Lung Diseases, Interstitial diagnosis, Lung Diseases, Interstitial physiopathology, Respiratory Function Tests methods, Exercise Test methods, Oxygen Consumption
Published
2024
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26. [The ninth edition of TNM staging for lung cancer: precise staging for precise diagnosis and treatment].

Author

Li HY, Wang YY, Liu H, Liu HX, Jiang LY, Han YC, Zhou WY, Mao T, and Fang WT

Subjects
Humans, Prognosis, Lymphatic Metastasis diagnosis, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lung Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasm Staging
Abstract

The ninth edition of TNM staging for lung cancer has been announced at the 2023 World Lung Cancer Congress and implemented from January 1, 2024. The focus of the ninth TNM staging change is dividing N2 into N2a and N2b, as well as M1c into M1c1 and M1c2. Although the T staging has not changed, it has played an important role in verifying the eighth edition of the T staging. The subdivision of stage N2 has led some patients with ⅢA of the eighth edition to experience ascending or descending stages, which will more accurately help to assess the condition and prognosis of patients with mediastinal lymph node metastasis, as well as the design of related clinical studies. Modifying the M1c staging will help define oligometastasis and explore new treatment models in the future. The ninth edition of the TNM staging system provides a more detailed division of different tumor loads, but there is no clear explanation for the staging of lung cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Further data analysis is needed, and it is expected to be answered in the tenth edition of TNM staging.

Published
2024
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27. Experimental Limits on Solar Reflected Dark Matter with a New Approach on Accelerated-Dark-Matter-Electron Analysis in Semiconductors.

Author

Zhang ZY, Yang LT, Yue Q, Kang KJ, Li YJ, An HP, C G, Chang JP, Chen YH, Cheng JP, Dai WH, Deng Z, Fang CH, Geng XP, Gong H, Guo QJ, Guo T, Guo XY, He L, He SM, Hu JW, Huang HX, Huang TC, Jiang L, Karmakar S, Li HB, Li HY, Li JM, Li J, Li QY, Li RMJ, Li XQ, Li YL, Liang YF, Liao B, Lin FK, Lin ST, Liu JX, Liu SK, Liu YD, Liu Y, Liu YY, Ma H, Mao YC, Nie QY, Ning JH, Pan H, Qi NC, Ren J, Ruan XC, Singh MK, Sun TX, Tang CJ, Tian Y, Wang GF, Wang JZ, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang YF, Wang YX, Wong HT, Wu SY, Wu YC, Xing HY, Xu R, Xu Y, Xue T, Yan YL, Yi N, Yu CX, Yu HJ, Yue JF, Zeng M, Zeng Z, Zhang BT, Zhang FS, Zhang L, Zhang ZH, Zhao JZ, Zhao KK, Zhao MG, Zhou JF, Zhou ZY, and Zhu JJ

Abstract

Recently a dark matter-electron (DM-electron) paradigm has drawn much attention. Models beyond the standard halo model describing DM accelerated by high energy celestial bodies are under intense examination as well. In this Letter, a velocity components analysis (VCA) method dedicated to swift analysis of accelerated DM-electron interactions via semiconductor detectors is proposed and the first HPGe detector-based accelerated DM-electron analysis is realized. Utilizing the method, the first germanium based constraint on sub-GeV solar reflected DM-electron interaction is presented with the 205.4  kg·day dataset from the CDEX-10 experiment. In the heavy mediator scenario, our result excels in the mass range of 5-15  keV/c^{2}, achieving a 3 orders of magnitude improvement comparing with previous semiconductor experiments. In the light mediator scenario, the strongest laboratory constraint for DM lighter than 0.1  MeV/c^{2} is presented. The result proves the feasibility and demonstrates the vast potential of the VCA technique in future accelerated DM-electron analyses with semiconductor detectors.

Published
2024
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28. [Microglia differential genes and their functions in paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease-like in mice's brains based on single-cell RNA sequencing].

Author

Guo ZK, Zhang YT, Zhang Y, Weng YL, Li HY, and Wu SY

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Male, Parkinson Disease genetics, Parkinson Disease metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Signal Transduction, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Single-Cell Analysis, Transcriptome, Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases genetics, Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases metabolism, Gene Expression Profiling, Paraquat toxicity, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Microglia drug effects, Microglia metabolism, Brain metabolism, Brain drug effects
Abstract

Objective: To analyze the differential genes and related signaling pathways of microglia subpopulations in Parkinson's disease (PD) -like mouse brains induced by paraquat (PQ) based on single-cell RNA sequencing, and provide clues to elucidate the mechanism of PQ-induced PD-like changes in the brain of animals. Methods: In September 2021, six male 6-week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group (three mice in each group) . The mice were injected with saline, 10.0 mg/kg PQ intraperitoneally, once every three days, and 10 consecutive injections were used for modeling. After infection, the brains of mice were taken and 10×Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing was performed. Microglia subpopulations were screened based on gene expression characteristics, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed. The differential genes of microglia subpopulations between the experimental group and control group were further screened, and functional enrichment analysis was performed using bioinformatics tools. Mouse microglia (BV2 cells) were treated with 0, 60, 90 μmol/L PQ solution, respectively. And real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR experiments were conducted to validate the expressions of differential genes hexokinase 2 (Hk2) , ATPase H+ Transporting V0 Subunit B (Atp6v0b) and Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) . Results: Cluster 7 and Cluster 20 were identified as microglia subpopulations based on the signature genes inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase d, Inpp5d (Inpp5d) and transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (Tgfbr1) , and they reflected the microglia-activated M2 phenotype. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the characteristic genes of identified microglia subpopulations were enriched in endocytosis. In terms of molecular function, it mainly enriched in transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity and cytokine binding. The up-regulated genes of Cluster 7 were mainly enriched in lysosomal pathway, endocytosis pathway, and down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in neurodegenerative disease and other signaling pathways. The up-regulated genes of Cluster 20 were mainly enriched in signaling pathways related to PD, and down-regulated genes were mainly enriched in cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathways, neurological development, synaptic function and other signaling pathways. The results of real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR showed that the expressions of Hk2 mRNA and Atp6v0b mRNA increased and the expression of Nrg1 mRNA decreased in the 90 μmol/L PQ-treated BV2 cells compared with the 0 μmol/L, and the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05) . Conclusion: Microglia are activated in the PQ-induced PD-like mouse model and polarized toward the M2 phenotype. And their functions are associated with lysosomal (endocytosis) , synaptic functions and the regulation of PD-related pathways.

Published
2024
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29. Casp11 Deficiency Alters Subgingival Microbiota and Attenuates Periodontitis.

Author

Fu SL, Qian YY, Dai AN, Li HY, Jin XH, He WT, Kang S, and Ding PH

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Humans, Mice, Caspases, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Alveolar Bone Loss complications, Microbiota, Periodontitis complications
Abstract

Periodontitis (PD) is the primary cause of tooth loss in adults. Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P.g ), a keystone pathogen, has been identified as a crucial contributor to this process. Pyroptosis activation in PD is acknowledged, with accumulating evidence underscoring the crucial role of Caspase-11 (described as Caspase-4/5 in humans)-mediated noncanonical pyroptosis. However, the mechanism behind its impact on PD remains unclear. In this study, we delved into the interplay between the Caspase-11-mediated noncanonical pyroptosis, subgingival microbiota alteration, and macrophage polarization. Clinical samples from PD patients revealed heightened expression of Caspase-4, gasdermin-D, and their active fragments, pointing to the activation of the noncanonical pyroptosis. Single-cell sequencing analysis linked Caspase-4 with gingival macrophages, emphasizing their involvement in PD. In vitro cell experiments confirmed that P.g -induced pyroptosis was activated in macrophages, with Casp11 deficiency attenuating these effects. In an experimental PD mouse model, Casp11 deficiency led to an alteration in subgingival microbiota composition and reduced alveolar bone resorption. Casp11 -/- mice cohousing with wild-type mice confirmed the alteration of the subgingival microbiota and aggravated the alveolar bone resorption. Notably, Casp11 deficiency led to decreased M1-polarized macrophages, corresponding with reduced alveolar bone resorption, uncovering a connection between subgingival microbiota alteration, macrophage M1 polarization, and alveolar bone resorption. Taken together, we showed that Caspase-11 fulfilled a crucial role in the noncanonical pyroptosis in PD, potentially influencing the subgingival microbiota and linking to M1 polarization, which was associated with alveolar bone resorption. These findings underscored the pivotal role of the Caspase-11-mediated noncanonical pyroptosis in PD pathogenesis and may provide critical insights into potential therapeutic avenues for mitigating PD., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Published
2024
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30. [Clinical characteristics of programmed cell death-1 inhibitor-associated hypophysitis].

Author

Zhang Y, Wang SC, Zhang Q, Li HY, Liu SS, Wang XH, and Liu Y

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors adverse effects, Apoptosis, Hypophysitis chemically induced, Hypophysitis diagnosis, Hypophysitis drug therapy, Hypothyroidism, Hypogonadism
Abstract

Objective: To explore the clinical features of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor-associated hypophysitis and improve the understanding of the disease. Methods: For the present retrospective case series study, the clinical data of patients with PD-1 inhibitor-associated hypophysitis who were treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University and the 3rd Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to May 2023 were collected for analysis of clinical manifestations and prognosis. Results: Fifteen cases of PD-1 inhibitor-induced hypophysitis were included, with 13 males and 2 females. The mean age of onset was (62.1±7.5) years, and the median time of onset was 6.5 (4.7, 11.6) cycles of PD-1 inhibitor. At diagnosis, 14 patients complained of gastrointestinal symptoms, and 12 patients complained of fatigue. There were 12, 1, 1, 5, and 1 cases of hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypoglycemia, hypotension, and fever, respectively. Secondary adrenocortical insufficiency occurred in all cases. Moreover, four patients had secondary hypothyroidism, and two patients had secondary hypogonadism. Posterior pituitary hypofunction was not found. Pituitary MRI showed one case each of vacuolar sella turcica, pituitary cystic lesion, pituitary stalk slightly shifted to the left, high metabolism in the sella turcica, and pituitary abnormal signal, while no abnormalities were found in 11 cases. The follow-up time was (47.66±11.93) weeks. At the last follow-up, one patient's serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol returned to normal. Conclusions: Hypophysitis associated with PD-1 inhibitors occurs later, and gastrointestinal symptoms and fatigue are the most common clinical manifestations. PD-1 inhibitor-associated hypophysitis mainly manifests as adrenocortical hypofunction, and some cases manifest as hypothyroidism and hypogonadism. In addition, patients with PD-1 inhibitor-associated hypophysitis show no obvious imaging changes in the pituitary gland.

Published
2024
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31. [Study on transcriptome characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children by RNA sequencing].

Author

Wang LY, Le YS, Li HY, Liu ZW, Weng TT, Chen XF, Liu PN, and Dong L

Subjects
Child, Humans, Interleukin-10, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Case-Control Studies, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Receptors, Cytokine, Viral Proteins, Respiratory Syncytial Viruses, Computational Biology methods, Transcriptome, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections genetics
Abstract

To explore the biological characteristics related to the pathogenesis and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis by RNA sequencing of white blood cells in children with RSV bronchiolitis. This study is a case-control study. A total of 87 children diagnosed with bronchiolitis and RSV antigen positive and/or RSV nucleic acid positive in the pediatric respiratory department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from October 2019 to April 2022 were selected as the case group. The case group was divided into three groups based on the condition: mild, moderate, and severe, and there were two groups according to the presence or absence of atopic symptoms: the atopic group and the non - atopic group, forty healthy children in the same period were selected as the control group. The whole blood leukocyte RNA of the children in the case group and the control group was extracted for RNA sequencing, and the data were analyzed to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Then, the immunobiological pathways and genes related to the pathogenesis, disease condition, and atopy were screened through Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) annotation, and protein interaction network (PPI) construction methods. Construct the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) module to identify potential biological indicators related to disease severity.Compared with the control group, the case group had a total of 1 782 DEGs, including 1 586 upregulated genes and 196 downregulated genes. The GO pathway enrichment of DEGs is mainly enriched in molecular functions such as peroxidase activity and oxidoreductase activity. In the cytological components, it is mainly enriched in cytoplasmic vesicle lumen and secretory granule lumen. In biological processes, it is mainly enriched in processes such as neutrophil activation involved in immune responses, neutrophil degranulation, and neutrophil activation. KEGG analysis is mainly concentrated in the signal pathway of the viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor. A PPI network was constructed to screen four genes at the core position, including CCL2, IL-10, MMP9 and JUN . The DEGs obtained by comparing different disease groups with the control group are mainly enriched in retrograde endocannabinoid signaling and cell apoptosis pathways. WGCNA analysis showed that the brown module related to oxygen saturation was most closely related to the disease, and its gene was mainly enriched in the RNA helicase retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) like receptor signal pathway. There are 230 specific DEGs in the atopic group and 444 in the non - atopic group. KEGG enrichment analysis results show that both groups are enriched to NF-κB signaling pathway, the characteristic does not cause significant changes in immune response and transcriptome characteristics in children with RSV bronchiolitis. In conclusion, neutrophil activation, degranulation pathway and signal pathway of interaction between viral protein and cytokine and cytokine receptor are involved in the immune response of RSV bronchiolitis host. CCL2, IL-10, MMP9 and JUN genes may be associated with the pathogenesis. They might be potential biomarkers related to disease severity in RIG-I like receptors, cell apoptosis, and endogenous cannabinoid related signaling pathways.

Published
2024
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