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Graphene is renowned for its excellent chemical, thermal, mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, which arise from its unique bonding structure. However, graphene is intrinsically a zero-bandgap material, limiting its development in the field of flexible nanoelectronics. To expand the range of applications for graphene in electronic devices, it is crucial to develop the strategies for inducing a bandgap. One of the most effective methods is chemical doping. Doping not only alters the electronic properties of graphene by modifying its inherent gapless nature but also engenders new materials with distinctive and potentially synergistic characteristics. Although there are many reviews on the doped graphene, there is a rare one to discuss the role of doping in enhancing the performance of graphene-based semiconductors. This paper reviews various doping types and their impacts on graphene, emphasizing the effects of boron (B) doping, nitrogen (N) doping, oxygen-group doping, other non-metallic atom or atomic pair doping, and metallic doping. We will further discuss how these dopants affect the geometry, electronic structure, and mechanical properties of graphene. It is expected to be meaningful for further understanding the nature of doped graphene and building new graphene-like structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tamoxifen is one of the most frequently used endocrine medications for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER + ) breast cancer (BC). Unfortunately, tamoxifen resistance (TR) brings more challenges to the clinical treatment, and the mechanisms of TR have not yet been fully clarified. HGF/c-Met is closely associated with cancer metastasis, but whether it is involved in TR remains unclear. In our study, we found that the activation of HGF/c-Met was crucial for TR maintenance. Synergistic interaction with HOTAIR and EZH2 accelerated HGF expression by repressing miR-141/200a. Additionally, HGF/c-Met activated NF-κB, forming a positive feedback loop of EZH2/HOTAIR-miR-141/200a-HGF/c-Met-NF-κB. Our findings indicated that HGF/c-Met functioned as an important biomarker for TR, and HGF/c-Met inhibition provided a novel approach to TR treatment., (© 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Polarized photodetectors based on anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials display great potential applications in communications and optoelectronics. However, the existence of high dark current, low anisotropic ratio, and response speed limits their development. In this paper, a broadband polarization angle-dependent photodetector based on the PdSe 2 /NbSe 2 van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction has been constructed. Characterization results show that the PdSe 2 /NbSe 2 heterojunction photodetector can suppress the dark current effectively (NbSe 2 ∼4 orders of magnitude and PdSe 2 ∼1 order of magnitude compared with individual material). Meanwhile, the device exhibits a broadband detection capability ranging from 405 to 980 nm. The device shows a superior responsivity of 27 mA/W, a considerable detectivity of 9.8 × 10 7 Jones, a large external quantum efficiency of 528%, and an ultrafast rise/decay time of 1.6/1.9 μs at 1 V bias under 638 nm laser wavelength. The photodetector also achieves a high polarization-sensitive anisotropic ratio of ∼2.62 under 638 nm laser irradiation. In addition, the heterojunction device shows outstanding polarization imaging capabilities, which can be used as the image sensor. This work proposed a PdSe 2 /NbSe 2 vdW heterojunction device with low dark current, broadband polarized detection, and polarized visual imaging, which will promote the development and practicality of polarization-sensitive photodetectors.

Lane detection is one of the key functions to ensure the safe driving of autonomous vehicles, and it is a challenging task. In real driving scenarios, external factors inevitably interfere with the lane detection system, such as missing lane markings, harsh weather conditions, and vehicle occlusion. To enhance the accuracy and detection speed of lane detection in complex road environments, this paper proposes an end-to-end lane detection model with a pure Transformer architecture, which exhibits excellent detection performance in complex road scenes. Firstly, a separable lane multi-head attention mechanism based on window self-attention is proposed. This mechanism can establish the attention relationship between each window faster and more effectively, reducing the computational cost and improving the detection speed. Then, an extended and overlapping strategy is designed, which solves the problem of insufficient information interaction between two adjacent windows of the standard multi-head attention mechanism, thereby obtaining more global information and effectively improving the detection accuracy in complex road environments. Finally, experiments are carried out on four data sets. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is superior to the existing state of the arts method in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)