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This study assesses soil productivity in a 15-hectare cotton field using an integrated approach combining field data, laboratory analysis, and remote sensing techniques. Soil samples were collected and analyzed for key parameters including nitrogen (N), humus, phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), carbonates, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC). In addition to low salinity, these analyses showed low results for humus and nutrient parameters. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that low organic matter and high salinity had a strong negative correlation with crop productivity, explaining 37% of the variation in NDVI values. Remote sensing indices (NDVI, SAVI, NDMI, and NDSI) confirmed these findings by highlighting the relationship between soil properties and spectral reflectance. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of remote sensing in soil assessment, emphasizing its critical role in sustainable agricultural planning. By integrating traditional methods with advanced remote sensing technologies, this study provides actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners to improve soil productivity and ensure food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]