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Polyphenolic compounds have shown various beneficial effects on human health as well as certain bioactivities such as interactions with dietary fiber. Factors that can influence their interactions with dietary fibers include the pH value, the polyphenolic compound concentration and compound stability. The aim of this work was to study the interactions between the polyphenolic compound catechin and the dietary fiber zymosan A from yeast through investigation of the adsorption process. The catechin stability and the influence of concentration and pH value on interactions were investigated. Catechin showed the lowest stability at pH 7.0 with degradation ratio from 6 to 15 %. The lowest adsorption capacity was at pH 7.0, then higher in water and the highest at pH 1.5. A Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption model fit to the data and FTIR analysis indicates the presence of physical interactions between catechin and zymosan A. This study can contribute to better understanding of interactions of polyphenols and dietary fiber for possible design of functional food, or to increase bioaccessibility of polyphenols.

Type 1 diabetes has become prevalent among the adult population, who have increasingly gained access to sensing technology. This study delved into the impact of diet, nutritional status, and the use of a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGM) on glycemic regulation among adults diagnosed with T1D. Employing a prospective design, data were gathered from 151 participants aged 18–60 across multiple cycles. Participants utilized the FreeStyle Libre (FSL) Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM) System and provided dietary details via questionnaires and diaries. The findings unveiled correlations between dietary patterns and glycemic control, with higher protein intake associated with improved glycated hemoglobin A1C values (p = 0.019), yet elevated fat and protein consumption was linked to heightened rates of hyperglycemia. Conversely, no significant relationship was observed between dietary variables and hypoglycemia occurrence. Interestingly, subjects with more readings of glucose levels consumed fewer carbohydrates (p = 0.004) and more proteins (p = 0.000). Furthermore, physical activity and marital status correlated with glycemic stability, while higher education was associated with enhanced glycemic control (p = 0.021). This study confirmed the importance of structured education on glycemic regulation and the importance of dietary patterns in glucose management. Also, the educational role of the FGM system in changing dietary habits was confirmed, which is one of the key factors for improving glycemic regulation in continuous glucose monitoring system users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The National food consumption survey on adolescents and adults from 10 to 99 years of age was conducted in the period from January 2018 to June 2023. Following the EU Menu methodology developed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), this survey aimed to facilitate cross‐country comparisons on dietary habits. The survey encompassed all seasons and days of the week to provide insight into the diverse patterns of food consumption. Alongside dietary data, information concerning socioeconomic factors, health status, physical activity, and food supplement usage was collected. Trained interviewers conducted the fieldwork using 24–hour recall and food diaries to record dietary intake. Data gathering and analysis were conducted using NutriCro® software. Before the main data collection, a pilot study conducted from October to November 2021 confirmed the feasibility of the data collection methodology. The study involved a nationally representative sample of 1913 participants (261 adolescents, 783 adults up to 65 years of age, and 522 individuals from 65 to 74 years of age (elderly) and 260 individuals aged 75 to 99 years (very elderly). The overall participation rate was 24.8%. The collected data offer valuable insights into the dietary habits of the studied population groups, serving as a crucial resource in various analyses, especially contributing to national food safety initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with severe mental disorders often require special care. Other than institutionalized care, some organizations provide housing options and special care in the form of organized living. Few studies provide a detailed description of nutrient intake in this type of care. The aim of this prospective study was to assess nutritional status and adherence to dietary recommendations in both people with mental disorders (beneficiaries) and their caregivers. Across three levels of care, 46 beneficiaries and 19 caregivers participated in the study. The mean intakes of energy (kcal/day) and macro- and micronutrients (g/day) were estimated from a 3-day dietary record and compared with dietary reference values (DRVs) set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The majority of participants did not meet energy intake recommendations (kcal/day). The contribution of total fat to energy intake (% E) was higher than recommended in both beneficiaries and caregivers with 42.1 ± 4.4% and 38.5 ± 6.5%, respectively. A total of 45.2% of beneficiaries and 61.1% of caregivers had their carbohydrate intake within the recommended range. Fiber intake was well below the recommendations (25 g/day) in all groups. Across all levels of care, lower micronutrient intake for pantothenic acid, biotin, folate, potassium, magnesium, copper, selenium, and iodine was observed. Based on the current results, the development and implementation of nutritional guidelines may be targeted to specific populations and nutrient intakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyphenols receive special attention from consumers and researchers due to their proven health benefits. They are present in different plants, and chokeberries are one of the significant polyphenol sources. Polyphenols found in chokeberries belong to the groups of phenolic acids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonols and flavanols. The highest concentration found in chokeberries belongs to proanthocyanidins followed by anthocyanins. The analysis of polyphenols is very demanding due to the great diversity and presence of conjugated forms. So, development of sensitive, rapid, and accurate analytical methods for analysis of polyphenols is very important. Liquid chromatography is a promising technique for polyphenols analysis, especially one equipped with mass spectrometry that gives additional information about molecular mass and structure. In this review, relevant studies conducted on the analysis of chokeberry polyphenols are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]