Author: "J. Frank" / Publication Year Range: This year - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

26 results on '"J. Frank"'

1. Structural stability and working safety analysis for vertical sheeting works with various aspects via creative design route.

Author: Karthikeyan, S., Karthick, M., Jeevaraj, J. Frank, Deeparaj, E., Suriyaprakash, L., and Mohanraj, S.
Abstract: Most of industries are framed their structure with suitable structural setup with sheeting arrangement is cost effective than concrete structure. During the installing of vertical sheet needs the ladder support with side panel and effective soil stabilizing prevent the major risk and leads to increase the work safety. Besides, the structural stability is important factor for reducing risk and the current investigation is to make the innovative design ladder for vertical sheeting work via creative design route. During the design, the safety aspects including labour safety, accident causes, machinery safety, hazard identification, material safety, emergency safety plans, and ergonomic issues are considered. With the technology of hazard identification and risk management (HIRA), the risk issue, and possible control measures are identified to minimize the risk of vertical sheeting work. The result indicates that news design can produce a wider range of non-uniform motion than the existing design; therefore they are better alternatives for driving a variable speed input mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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2. Effects of Adopting Preventive Drug Lists on Medication Costs and Disparities by Income Over 2 Years: A Natural Experiment for Translation in Diabetes (NEXT-D) Study.

Author: Lu, Christine Y., Argetsinger, Stephanie, Lakoma, Matthew, Zhang, Fang, Wharam, J. Frank, and Ross-Degnan, Dennis
Subjects: ANTILIPEMIC agents, ORAL medication, COST shifting, INCOME inequality, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE agents
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between preventive drug lists (PDLs) and changes in medication costs among patients with diabetes insured in commercial health plans over 2 follow-up years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a quasiexperimental study using the Optum deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (January 2003 to December 2017). The intervention group included 5,582 patients with diabetes age 12–64 years switched by employers to PDL coverage; the control group included 5,582 matched patients whose employers offered no PDL. Outcomes included out-of-pocket costs, standardized costs, and 30-day fills for all medications because PDL-associated savings could be used to pay for medicines in other classes and for five therapeutic classes covered by the PDLs (oral diabetes medications, insulins, test strips, antihypertensive drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs). RESULTS: Pre– to post–out-of-pocket spending for all medications declined by 29.7% in follow-up year 2 (95% CI −36.0, −23.4%) among PDL members relative to control individuals. Higher-income and lower-income PDL members experienced significant reductions in out-of-pocket spending for all medications in year 2 (30%) and for key therapeutic classes (range −23 to −67%). We found significant increases in use of key therapeutic classes in the overall population (range 8–15%) and in higher-income and lower-income PDL members (range 9–50%). CONCLUSIONS: PDLs offer an effective strategy for employers and insurers to lower member cost sharing and encourage increased use of important medications to prevent or manage chronic illnesses. For patients with diabetes, especially those with lower incomes, PDL coverage resulted in substantial and persistent reductions in out-of-pocket medication costs, medication use increases, and some increased use of more expensive products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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3. Advanced Step Density Modulation Technique to Reduce Current Ripples in High-Frequency Inverter for WPT EV Charging Systems

Author: J. Franklin, R. K. Pongiannan, Roobaea Alroobaea, Ahmed Emara, and R. Narayanamoorthi
Subjects: Current ripples, delay-time, pulse density modulation, step density modulation, wireless power transfer, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: This paper analyzes Step Density Modulation (SDM) technique for high-frequency inverters in Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems for Electric Vehicle (EV) charging. While Pulse Density Modulation (PDM) is commonly used to control high-frequency inverters, it faces limitations in managing current ripple, leading to electromagnetic interference (EMI), reduced power transfer efficiency, and system performance degradation. Step Density Modulation is proposed as an advanced alternative to PDM, offering dynamic pulse density adjustments in discrete stages to align with inverter switching characteristics. This approach minimizes the effects of dead time, significantly reducing current ripple and total harmonic distortion (THD), thereby enhancing waveform quality and system efficiency. A comprehensive mathematical model compares current ripple magnitude, harmonic spectrum, and inverter delay time for both modulation techniques. MATLAB simulations, validated through hardware prototype implementation on a 5 kW WPT EV charger, demonstrate that SDM reduces current ripple by up to 30% and THD of 20% compared to PDM. The hardware prototype confirms smoother inverter output, improved power stability, and increased efficiency, establishing SDM as a reliable and practical solution for enhancing WPT systems in EV charging applications.
Published: 2025
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4. Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trialResearch in context

Author: O. Abani, A. Abbas, F. Abbas, J. Abbas, K. Abbas, M. Abbas, S. Abbasi, H. Abbass, A. Abbott, N. Abdallah, A. Abdelaziz, M. Abdelfattah, B. Abdelqader, A. Abdul, B. Abdul, S. Abdul, A. Abdul Rasheed, A. Abdulakeem, R. Abdul-Kadir, A. Abdullah, A. Abdulmumeen, R. Abdul-Raheem, N. Abdulshukkoor, K. Abdusamad, Y. Abed El Khaleq, M. Abedalla, A. Abeer Ul Amna, L. Abel, K. Abernethy, M. Abeywickrema, C. Abhinaya, A. Abidin, A. Aboaba, A. Aboagye-Odei, C. Aboah, H. Aboelela, H. Abo-Leyah, K. Abouelela, A. Abou-Haggar, M. Abouibrahim, A. Abousamra, M. Abouzaid, M. Abraham, T. Abraham, A. Abraheem, J. Abrams, R. Abrams, H.J. Abu, A. Abu-Arafeh, S.M. Abubacker, A. Abung, Y. Abusamra, Y. Aceampong, A. Achara, D. Acharya, F. Acheampong, P. Acheampong, S. Acheampong, J. Acheson, S. Achieng, A. Acosta, R. Acquah, C. Acton, J. Adabie-Ankrah, P. Adair, A.S. Adam, F. Adam, M. Adam, H. Adamali, M. Adamczyk, C. Adams, D. Adams, K. Adams, L. Adams, N. Adams, R. Adams, T. Adams, L. Adamu-Ikeme, K. Adatia, K. Adcock, L. Addai-Boampong, A. Addo, O. Adeagbo, A. Adebiyi, O. Adedeji, Y. Adegeye, K. Adegoke, V. Adell, S. Adenwalla, F.W. Adeoye, O.A. Adesemoye, E.O. Adewunmi, A. Adeyanju, J. Adeyemi, T. Adeyemo, B. Adhikari, S.A. Adhikari, R. Adhikary, A. Aditya, P. Adjepong, G. Adkins, A. Adnan, M. Adriaanse, J. Aeron-Thomas, D. Affleck, C. Afnan, M. Afridi, P. Afrim, F.A. Afriyie, Z.A. Aftab, A. Afum-Adjei Awuah, M. Agarwal, P.N. Agasiya, R. Agbeko, C. Agbo, S. Aggarwal, A. Aghababaie, L. Aguilar Jimenez, J.A. Agyekum, K. Agyen, E.K. Ahadome, S. Ahamed Sadiq, M.H. Ahammed Nazeer, M. Ahmad, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, B.A.R. Ahmed, B. Ahmed, F. Ahmed, H. Ahmed, I. Ahmed, K. Ahmed, L. Ahmed, M. Ahmed, M.C. Ahmed, M.S. Ahmed, N. Ahmed, O. Ahmed, R.A. Ahmed, R. Ahmed, S. Ahmed, S.G. Ahmed, S.H. Ahmed, R. Ahmed Ali, B. Ahmed Mohamud, S. Ahmer, A. Ahonia, C. Aidoo, C. Aiken, D. Ail, M. Ainsworth, M. Aissa, L. Aitken, B. Ajay, A. Ajibode, A. Ajmi, N. Akhtar, S. Akili, B. Akinbiyi, O. Akindolie, Y. Akinfenwa, O. Akinkugbe, I. Akinpelu, M. Akram, O. Aktinade, U. Akudi, A.S.A.R. Al Aaraj, A. Al Balushi, M. Al Dakhola, A. Al Swaifi, E. Al-Abadi, A. Alabi, N. Aladangady, M. Alafifi, A. Alam, S. Alam, A. Al-Asadi, K. Alatzoglou, P. Albert, A. Albertus, L. Albon, A. Alcala, G. Alcorn, S. Alcorn, A. Aldana, D. Alderdice, A. Aldesouki, R. Aldouri, J. Aldridge, N. Aldridge, R. Ale, R.M. Ale, A. Alegria, A. Alexander, C. Alexander, J. Alexander, P.D.G. Alexander, J. Al-fori, L. Alghazawi, O. Alhabsha, B. Al-Hakim, R. Alhameed, M. Al-Hayali, S. Al-Hity, A. Ali, F.R. Ali, J. Ali, M. Ali, M.S. Ali, N. Ali, O. Ali, R. Ali, S. Ali, E. Aliberti, J. Alin, A. Alina, A. Alipustain, B. Alisjahbana, F. Aliyuda, K. Alizadeh, M. Al-Jibury, S. Al-Juboori, M. Al-Khalil, A. Alkhudhayri, M. Alkhusheh, F. Allan, N. Allan, A. Allanson, R. Allcock, E. Allen, J. Allen, K. Allen, L. Allen, P. Allen, R. Allen, S. Allen, T. Allen, A. Alli, K. Allison, B. Allman, H.K. Allsop, L. Allsop, D. Allsup, A.F.T. Almahroos, H. Al-Moasseb, M. Al-Obaidi, L. Alomari, A. Al-Rabahi, B. Al-Ramadhani, Z. Al-Saadi, R. Al-Sammarraie, I. Alshaer, R. Al-Shahi Salman, W. Al-Shamkhani, F. Alsheikh, B. Al-Sheklly, S. Altaf, A. Alty, M. Alvarez, M. Alvarez Corral, E. Alveyn, M. Alzetani, S. Amamou, N. Amar, S. Ambalavanan, R. Ambrogetti, C. Ambrose, A. Ameen, A. Amelia Ganefianty, K. Ames, M.R. Amezaga, A. Amin, K. Amin, S. Amin, T. Amin, B. Amit, A. Amjad, N. Amjad, J. Amoah-Dankwa, A. Amoako-Adusei, V. Amosun, M. Amsal, K. Amsha, J. Amuasi, N. Amutio Martin, P. Amy, A. Anada, A. Anand, S. Anandappa, S.D. Anantapatnaikuni, N.K.N. Andari, E. Anderson, J. Anderson, L. Anderson, M. Anderson, N. Anderson, R. Anderson, S. Anderson, W. Anderson, P. Andreou, A. Andrews, J. Andrews, K. Aneke, A. Ang, W.W. Ang, T. Angel, A. Angela, P. Angelini, L. Anguvaa, O. Anichtchik, M. Anim-Somuah, K. Aniruddhan, J. Annett, L. Anning, M. Ansah, P.J. Anstey, R. Anstey, A. Anthony, A. Anthony-Pillai, P. Antill, Z. Antonina, V. Anu, M. Anwar, S. Anwar, E. Apetri, A. Apostolopoulos, S. Appleby, D. Appleyard, M.F. Aquino, B. Araba, S. Aransiola, M. Araujo, A. Archer, D. Archer, S. Archer, D. Arcoria, C. Ardley, G. Arhin-Sam, A.-M. Arias, O. Aribike, R. Arimoto, N.L.P.E. Arisanti, C. Arkley, C. Armah, I. Armata, J. Armistead, A. Armitage, C. Armstrong, M. Armstrong, S. Armstrong, W. Armstrong, P. Armtrong, H. Arndt, C. Arnison-Newgass, D. Arnold, R. Arnold, A. Arnott, D. Arora, K. Arora, P. Arora, R. Arora, A. Arter, A. Arthur, N.M. Artini, A. Arumaithurai, A. Arya, R. Arya, D. Aryal, D. Asandei, G.A. Asare, A. Asghar, M. Asghar, A. Ashab, C. Ashbrook-Raby, H. Ashby, J. Ashcroft, S. Ashcroft, G. Asher, Z. Ashfak, A. Ashfaq, H.A. Asiamah, A. Ashish, D. Ashley, S. Ashman-Flavell, S. Ashok, A.-E.-A. Ashour, M.Z. Ashraf, S. Ashraf, M.B. Ashraq, D. Ashton, S. Ashton, A. Ashworth, F.J. Ashworth, R. Ashworth, A. Aslam, I. Aslam, S. Aslam, L. Aslett, H. Asogan, A. Asrar, O. Assaf, R. Astin-Chamberlain, Y.E. Atabudzi, P. Athavale, D. Athorne, B. Atkins, C. Atkins, S. Atkins, J. Atkinson, V. Atkinson, A. Atomode, B. Atraskiewicz, A.A. Attia, E. Attubato, M. Attwood, P. Aubrey, Z. Auer, A. Aujayeb, A.T. Aung, H. Aung, H.W.W. Aung, K.K. Aung, K.T. Aung, N. Aung, Y. Aung, Z.M. Aung, E. Austin, K. Austin, A. Auwal, M. Avari, M. Avery, N. Aveyard, J. Avis, G. Aviss, C. Avram, P. Avram, A. Awadelkareem, G. Awadzi, M. Awaly, A. Awan, S. Awisi, A. Aya, E. Ayaz, J.M. Ayerh, A. Ayers, J. Azam, A. Azeem, M. Azharuddin, A. Aziz, G. Aziz, I. Aziz, N. Aziz, A. Azkoul, A. Azman Shah, G. Azzopardi, H. Azzoug, F. Babatunde, M. Babi, B. Babiker, G. Babington, M. Babirecki, M. Babores, A.O. Babs-Osibodu, T. Bac, S. Bacciarelli, R. Bachar, M.-E. Bachour, A. Bachti, G. Bacon, J. Bacon, B. Badal, A. Badat, M. Bader, G.R. Badhan, S. Badhrinarayanan, J.P. Bae, A. Baggaley, A. Baggott, G. Bagley, D. Bagmane, L. Bagshaw, K. Bahadori, Y. Bahurupi, A. Bailey, J. Bailey, K. Bailey, L. Bailey, M.A. Bailey, M. Bailey, P. Bailey, S. Bailey, H. Baillie, J.K. Baillie, J. Bain, V. Bains, D. Baird, E. Baird, K. Baird, S. Baird, T. Baird, Y. Baird, A. Bajandouh, M. Bajracharya, D.C. Baker, E. Baker, J. Baker, K. Baker, M. Baker, R. Baker, T.-A. Baker, V. Baker, H. Bakere, N. Bakerly, M. Baker-Moffatt, A. Bakhai, N. Bakhtiar, P. Bakoulas, D. Bakthavatsalam, N. Balachandran, A. Balan, P. Balasingam, T. Balaskas, M. Balasubramaniam, N. Balatoni, A. Balcombe, A. Baldwin, C. Baldwin, D. Baldwin, F. Baldwin, R. Baldwin-Jones, N. Bale, J. Balfour, M. Ball, Ro Ball, K. Ballard, I. Balluz, C. Balmforth, E. Balogh, A. Baltmr, A. Baluwala, G. Bambridge, A. Bamford, P. Bamford, A. Bamgboye, E. Bancroft, H. Bancroft, J. Banda, K. Bandaru, S. Bandi, N. Bandla, S. Bandyopadhyam, A. Banerjee, R. Banerjee, P. Bang, S. Baniya, O. Bani-Saad, H. Banks, L. Banks, P. Banks, C. Bann, H. Bannister, O. Bannister, L. Banton, D.G. Bao, T. Bao, M. Baptist, T. Baqai, A.M. Baral, S.C. Baral, D. Baramova, R. Barber, E. Barbon, M. Barbosa, J. Barbour, A. Barclay, C. Barclay, G. Bardsley, S. Bareford, S. Bari, M. Barimbing, A. Barker, D. Barker, E. Barker, H. Barker, J. Barker, L. Barker, O. Barker, K. Barker-Williams, S. Barkha, J. Barla, G. Barlow, R. Barlow, V. Barlow, J. Barnacle, A. Barnard, D. Barnes, N. Barnes, R. Barnes, T. Barnes, C. Barnetson, A. Barnett, A. Barnett-Vanes, P.G. Barning, W. Barnsley, A. Barr, D. Barr, J. Barr, C. Barr, N. Barratt, S. Barratt, M. Barrera, A. Barrett, Fi Barrett, J. Barrett, S. Barrett, E. Barrow, J. Bartholomew, M.S. Barthwal, C. Bartlett, G. Bartlett, J. Bartlett, L. Bartlett, S. Bartley, S. Bartolmeu-Pires, A. Barton, G. Barton, J. Barton, L. Barton, R. Barton, R. Baruah, S. Baryschpolec, H. Bashir, A. Bashyal, B. Basker, S. Basnet, B. Basnyat, A. Basoglu, A. Basran, J. Bassett, G. Bassett, C. Bassford, B. Bassoy, V. Bastion, A. Bastola, A. Basumatary, P. Basvi, J.A. Batac, V.R. Bataduwaarachchi, T. Bate, H.J. Bateman, K. Bateman, V. Bateman, E. Bates, H. Bates, M. Bates, S. Bates, S. Batham, A. Batista, A. Batla, D. Batra, H. Batty, T. Batty, A. Batty, M. Baum, R. Baumber, C. Bautista, F. Bawa, T. Bawa, F.S. Bawani, S. Bax, M. Baxter, N. Baxter, Z. Baxter, H. Bayes, L.-A. Bayo, F. Bazari, R. Bazaz, A. Bazli, L. Beacham, W. Beadles, K. Beadon, P. Beak, A. Beale, K. Beard, J. Bearpark, A. Beasley, S. Beattie, K. Beaumont, D. Beaumont-Jewell, T. Beaver, S. Beavis, C. Beazley, S. Beck, V. Beckett, R. Beckitt, S. Beckley, H. Beddall, S. Beddows, D. Beeby, S. Beeby, G. Beech, M. Beecroft, N. Beer, Sa Beer, J. Beety, G. Bega, A. Begg, S. Begg, S. Beghini, A. Begum, S. Begum, T. Behan, R. Behrouzi, J. Beishon, C. Beith, J. Belcher, H. Belfield, K. Belfield, A. Belgaumkar, D. Bell, G. Bell, J. Bell, L. Bell, N. Bell, P. Bell, S. Bell, J. Bellamu, M. Bellamy, T. Bellamy, A. Bellini, A. Bellis, F. Bellis, L. Bendall, N. Benesh, N. Benetti, S.A. Bengu, L. Benham, G. Benison-Horner, S. Benkenstein, T. Benn, A. Bennett, C. Bennett, D. Bennett, G. Bennett, K. Bennett, L. Bennett, M.R. Bennett, S. Bennett, K. Bennion, G. Benoy, V. Benson, A. Bentley, J. Bentley, I. Benton, E. Beranova, M. Beresford, C. Bergin, M. Bergstrom, J. Bernatoniene, T. Berriman, Z. Berry, F. Best, K. Best, A.-M. Bester, Y. Beuvink, E. Bevan, S. Bevins, T. Bewick, A. Bexley, S. Beyatli, F. Beynon, A. Bhadi, S. Bhagani, S. Bhakta, R. Bhalla, K. Bhandal, A. Bhandari, L. Bhandari, L.N. Bhandari, S. Bhandari, J. Bhanich Supapol, A. Bhanot, R. Bhanot, S. Bhasin, A. Bhat, P. Bhat, R. Bhatnagar, K. Bhatt, J. Bhayani, D. Bhojwani, P. Bhuie, M.S. Bhuiyan, S. Bhuiyan, A. Bibby, F. Bibi, N. Bibi, S. Bibi, T. Bicanic, S. Bidgood, J. Bigg, S. Biggs, A. Biju, A. Bikov, S. Billingham, J. Billings, P. Binh, A. Binns, M. BinRofaie, O. Bintcliffe, C. Birch, J. Birch, K. Birchall, S. Bird, M. Birt, C. Bishop, K. Bishop, L. Bishop, K. Bisnauthsing, N. Biswas, M. Bittaye, S. Biuk, K. Blachford, E. Black, H. Black, K. Black, M. Black, P. Black, V. Black, H. Blackgrove, B. Blackledge, J. Blackler, S. Blackley, H. Blackman, C. Blackstock, C. Blair, F. Blakemore, H. Blamey, A. Bland, S. Blane, S. Blankley, P. Blaxill, K. Blaylock, J. Blazeby, N. Blencowe, B. Bloom, J. Bloomfield, A. Bloss, A. Blowers, S. Blows, H. Bloxham, S. Blrd, L. Blundell, A. Blunsum, M. Blunt, T. Blunt, I. Blyth, K. Blyth, A. Blythe, K. Blythe, K.A. Boahen, M. Boampoaa, S. Board, E. Boatemah, B. Bobie, K. Bobruk, P.N. Bodalia, N. Bodasing, M. Boden, T. Bodenham, G. Boehmer, M. Boffito, K. Bohanan, K. Bohmova, N. Bohnacker, S. Bokhandi, M. Bokhar, S. Bokhari, S.O. Bokhari, I. Bokobza, A. Boles, C. Bolger, C. Bonaconsa, C. Bond, H. Bond, S. Bond, T. Bond, A. Bone, G. Boniface, J. Bonney, L. Bonney, L. Booker, S. Boot, M. Boothroyd, J. Borbone, N. Borman, S. Bosence, K. Bostock, N. Botting, F. Bottrill, H. Bouattia, L. Bough, H. Boughton, Z. Boult, T. Boumrah, M. Bourke, S. Bourke, M. Bourne, R. Bousfield, L. Boustred, A. Bowes, P. Bowker, T. Bowker, H. Bowler, L. Bowman, S. Bowman, R. Bowmer, A. Bowring, H. Bowyer, A. Boyd, J. Boyd, L. Boyd, N. Boyer, N. Boyle, P. Boyle, R. Boyle, L. Boyles, L. Brace, A. Bracken, J. Bradder, C.J. Bradley, P. Bradley, J. Bradley-Potts, L. Bradshaw, Z. Bradshaw, C. Brady, R. Brady, S. Brady, P. Braga Sardo, D. Braganza, M. Braithwaite, S. Brammer, M. Branch, T. Brankin-Frisby, J. Brannigan, S. Brattan, F. Bray, N. Bray, M. Brazil, L. Brear, Tr Brear, S. Brearey, L. Bremner, M. Brend, C. Bresges, C. Bressington, G. Bretland, C. Brewer, M. Bridgett, G. Bridgwood, S. Brigham, J. Bright, C. Brightling, T. Brigstock, L. Brimfield, P. Brinksman, E. Brinkworth, R. Brittain-Long, V. Britten, H. Britton, L. Broad, S. Broadhead, R. Broadhurst, A. Broadley, M. Broadway, C. Brockelsby, M. Brocken, T. Brockley, M. Brodsky, F. Brogan, L. Brohan, F. Brokke, J. Brolly, D. Bromley, H. Brooke-Ball, V. Brooker, M. Brookes, D. Brooking, A. Brooks, D. Brooks, J. Brooks, K. Brooks, N. Brooks, P. Brooks, R. Brooks, S. Brooks, M. Broom, N. Broomhead, C. Broughton, N. Broughton, M. Brouns, A. Brown, C. Brown, E. Brown, H. Brown, J. Brown, L. Brown, N. Brown, P. Brown, R. Brown, S. Brown, T. Brown, B. Browne, C. Browne, D. Browne, M. Browne, S. Brownlee, A. Brraka, J. Bruce, M. Bruce, W. Brudlo, A. Brunchi, N. Brunskill, A. Brunton, M. Brunton, M. Bryant, E. Bryden, H. Brzezicki, A. Buazon, M.H. Buch, R. Buchan, R. Buchanan, D. Buche, A. Buck, L. Buck, M. Buckland, C. Buckley, L. Buckley, P. Buckley, S. Buckley, C. Buckman, A. Budds, G. Bugg, R. Bujazia, M. Bukhari, S. Bukhari, R. Bulbulia, A. Bull, D. Bull, K. Bull, R. Bull, Th Bull, E. Bullock, S. Bullock, N. Bulteel, K. Bumunarachchi, R. Bungue-Tuble, O. Burbidge, C. Burchett, D. Burda, C. Burden, T.G. Burden, Mi Burgess, R. Burgess, S. Burgess, E. Burhan, H. Burhan, H. Burke, K. Burke, A. Burman, S. Burnard, C. Burnett, S. Burnett, A. Burns, C. Burns, J. Burns, K. Burns, D. Burrage, K. Burrows, C. Burston, A. Burton, B. Burton, F. Burton, H. Burton, M. Burton, M. Butar butar, D. 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Svensson, S. Svirpliene, A. Swain, R. Swain, T. Swaine, C. Swales, C. Swanson-Low, T. Swart, S. Sweetman, E. Swift, P. Swift, R. Swift, R. Swingler, S. Swinhoe, K. Swist-Szulik, L. Swithenbank, O. Syed, C. Sykes, D. Sykes, E. Sykes, L. Sylvester, D. Symington, D. Symon, A. Syndercombe, Z. Syrimi, J. Syson, G. Szabo, D. Szabó, T. Szakmany, N. Szarazova, M. Szekely, A. Szekeres, M. Szeto, K. Szymiczek, M. Tabish, M. Tadros, A. Tageldin, L. Tague, H. Tahir, M. Tahir, M. Tai, J. Tait, A. Takyi, P. Talbot, A. Talbot-Smith, J. Talbot-Ponsonby, R. Tallent, B. Tallon, A. Talukdar, A. Tan, B.T. Tan, H. Tan, J. Tan, J.S. Tan, K. Tan, W.T. Tan, A. Tana, A. Tanner, C. Tanney, T. Tanqueray, E. Tanton, A. Tantri, T. Tanzil-Al-Imran, H. Tarft, P. Taribagil, O. Tarin, S. Tariq, D. Tarpey, E. Tarr, L. Tarrant, A. Tasiou, A. Tate, M. Tate, M.L. Tate, P. Tate, K. Tatham, S.S. Tavares, V. Tavoukjian, S.A.I. Tay, A. Taylor, B. Taylor, C. Taylor, C.A. Taylor, D. Taylor, E. Taylor, H. Taylor, J. Taylor, K. 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Vass, K. Vassell, V. Vasu, V. Vasudevan, M. Vatish, S. Vaughan, H. Vayalaman, D. Vayapooree, C. Vaz, N. Veale, S. Veerasamy, S. Velankar, L. Velauthar, N. Veli, N. Vella, A. Velugupati, A. Velusamy, I. Venables, M. Venditti, R. Venkataramakrishnan, R. Venn, M. Venter, L. Ventilacion, J. Vere, M. Veres, S. Vergnano, W. Verling, A. Verma, R. Vernall, B. Vernon, M. Vertue, L. Verueco, J. Verula, A. Veterini, N. Vethanayagam, S. Vettikumaran, L. Veys, C. Vickers, S. Victor, S. Victoria, C. Vidaillic, C.P. Vidaillac, J. Vidler, B. Vijayakumar, V.W. Vijayaraghavan Nalini, B. Vilcinskaite, A. Vileito, N. Vilimiene, L. Vinall, S. Vinay, L. Vinayakarao, O. Vincent, R. Vincent, N.Q. Vinh, P. Virdee, E. Virgilio, A.M. Virk, E. Visentin, M. Vitaglione, K. Vithian, S. Vittoria, S. Vivekananthan, E. Vlad, B. Vlies, L. von Oven, C. Vooght, K.T. Vu Thai, K. Vutipongsatorn, A. Vuylsteke, E. Vyras, R. Wach, B. Wadams, S. Wadd, N. Waddington, P. Wade, J. Wadsley, K. Wadsworth, S.E.I. Wafa, D. Wagstaff, L. Wagstaff, D. Wahab, Z. Wahbi, A. Waheed Adigun, S. Waidyanatha, A. Waite, R. Wake, A. Wakefield, W. Wakeford, F. Wakinshaw, E. Waldeck, A. Walden, L. Walding, A. Waldron, J. Waldron, E. Wales, B. Wali, D. Walker, G. Walker, H. Walker, I. Walker, K. Walker, L. Walker, O. Walker, R. Walker, S. Walker, G. Wallace, R. Wallbutton, J. Wallen, K. Wallendszus, A. Waller, R. Waller, G. Wallis, L. Wallis, M. Wallis, E. Walmsley, D. Walsh, E. Walsh, L. Walsh, D. Walstow, D. Walter, A. Walters, H. Walters, J. Walters, E. Walton, L. Walton, M. Walton, O. Walton, S. Walton, M. Wan, J. Wanda, M. Wands, R. Wane, F. Wang, N. Wang, R. Wang, S. Wang, D. Warbrick, S. Warburton, C. Ward, D. Ward, E. Ward, H. Ward, J. Ward, L. Ward, N. Ward, R. Ward, T. Ward, S.A. Warden, G. Wardere, S. Wardle, H. Wardy, G. Waring, S. Waring, J. Warmington, B. Warner, C. Warner, L. Warnock, S. Warran, J. Warren, L. Warren, R. Warren, Y. Warren, D. Warrender, H. Warren-Miell, A. Warris, G. Warwick, H. Wassall, S. Wasserman, E. Wasson, H.J. Watchorn, H. Waterfall, A. Waters, D. Waters, M. Waterstone, A. Watkin, C. Watkins, E. Watkins, K. Watkins, L. Watkins, A. Watson, A.J.R. Watson, E. Watson, F. Watson, J.G.R. Watson, L. Watson, P. Watson, R. Watson, K. Watson, M. Watters, D. Watterson, K. Wattimena, D. Watts, J. Watts, M. Watts, V. Waugh, E. Wayman, M. Wayman, A. Wazir, M. Weatherhead, N. Weatherly, C. Webb, H. Webb, K. Webb, S. Webb, C. Websdale, D. Webster, I. Webster, J. Webster, T. Webster, J. Wedlin, L. Wee, R. Weerakoon, T. Weerasinghe, J. Weeratunga, M. Weetman, S. Wei, I. Weichert, E. Welch, H. Welch, J. Welch, L. Welch, S. Welch, B. Welham, S. Weller, L. Wellings, B. Wells, S. Wellstead, B. Welsh, R. Welsh, I. Welters, R. Welton, V. Wenn, L. Wentworth, J. Wesonga, K. Wesseldine, J. West, M. West, R. West, S. West, L. Western, R. Westhead, H. Weston, A. Westwood, K. Westwood, S. Westwood, B. Wetherill, S. Wheaver, H. Wheeler, B. Whelan, M. Whelband, A. Whileman, A. Whitcher, A. White, B. White, C. White, D. White, J. White, K. White, M. White, N. White, S. White, T. White, C. Whitehead, K. Whitehorn, A. Whitehouse, C. Whitehouse, T. Whitehouse, J. Whiteley, L. Whiteley, S. Whiteley, R. Whitham, G. Whitlingum, D. Whitmore, E. Whittaker, L. Whittam, A. Whittington, H. Whittle, R. Whittle, E. Wiafe, L. Wiblin, O. Wickens, J. Widdrington, J. Wieboldt, H. Wieringa, C. Wiesender, L. Wiffen, A. Wight, A. Wignall, C. Wignall, A. Wilce, D. Wilcock, E. Wilcock, L. Wilcox, B. Wild, L. Wild, S. Wild, M. Wilde, L. Wilding, P. Wilding, T. Wildsmith, J. Wileman, J. Wiles, K. Wiles, E. Wilhelmsen, T. Wiliams, J. Wilkie, D. Wilkin, H. Wilkins, J. Wilkins, S. Wilkins, I. Wilkinson, L. Wilkinson, N. Wilkinson, S. Wilkinson, T. Wilkinson, S. Willetts, A. Williams, C. Williams, C.V. Williams, D. Williams, E. Williams, G. Williams, H. Williams, J. Williams, K. Williams, M. Williams, P. Williams, R. Williams, S. Williams, T. Williams, A. Williamson, C. Williamson, D. Williamson, J. Williamson, J.D. Williamson, R. Williamson, H. Williamson, E. Willis, H. Willis, J. Willis, L. Wills, L. Willsher, C. Willshire, F. Willson, J. Willson, A. Wilson, B. Wilson, D. Wilson, I. Wilson, J. Wilson, K. Wilson, K.-A. Wilson, L. Wilson, M. Wilson, S. Wilson, T. Wilson, K.L.Y. Win, M. Win, T. Win, T.T. Win, W.Y.W. Win, L. Winckworth, L. Winder, P. Winder, S. Winearl, H. Winmill, S. Winn, C. Winpenny, H. Winslow, H. Winter, J. Winter, B. Winter-Goodwin, J. Winterton, H. Winwood, J. Wischhusen, S. Wisdom, M. Wise, M. Wiselka, R. Wiseman, S. Wiseman, S. Wishart, T. WIshlade, E. Witele, N. Withers, J. Wittes, D. Wixted, T. Wodehouse, W. Wolf, N. Wolff, K. Wolffsohn, R. Wolf-Roberts, E. Wolodimeroff, A. Wolstencroft, A. Wong, C. Wong, C.-H. Wong, C.-M. Wong, E. Wong, J.S.Y. Wong, K.Y. Wong, M.Y. Wong, N. Wong, S. Wong, T. Wong, A.A. Wongkyezeng, A. Wood, C. Wood, D. Wood, F. Wood, G. Wood, H. Wood, J. Wood, L. Wood, M. Wood, S. Wood, T. Wood, K. Woodall, R. Woodfield, C. Woodford, E. Woodford, J. Woodford, L. Woodhead, T. Woodhead, P. Woodland, M. Woodman, S. Woodmansey, C. Woods, J. Woods, K. Woods, S. Woods, Z. Woodward, M. Woolcock, G. Wooldridge, R. Woolf, C. Woollard, L. Woollen, E. Woolley, J. Woolley, D. Woosey, D. Wootton, J. Wootton, D. Worley, S. Worton, J. Wraight, M. Wray, K. Wren, L. Wren, C. Wrey Brown, C. Wright, D. Wright, F. Wright, H. Wright, I. Wright, L. Wright, R. Wright, S. Wright, T. Wright, C. Wroe, H. Wroe, H. Wu, P. Wu, J. Wubetu, F. Wulandari, R. Wulandari, S. Wurie, C. Wyatt, F. Wyn-Griffiths, I. Wynter, B. Xavier, A. Xhikola, B.E. Xia, Z. Xia, E. Yacoba, S. Yadav, M. Yakubi, M. Yan, Y. Yanagisawa, F. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Yanney, W.L. Yap, N. Yaqoob, S. Yasmin, B. Yates, D. Yates, E. Yates, H. Yates, T. Yates, M. Yates, J. Ye, C. Yearwood Martin, K. Yein, F. Yelnoorkar, L. Yen, L.M. Yen, A. Yeoh, C.Y. Yeung, P. Yew, D. Yewatkar, L. Ylquimiche Melly, I. Ynter, H. Yong, J. Yorke, J. Youens, A. Younes Ibrahim, E. Young, G. Young, L. Young, A. Yousafzar, S. Youssouf, A. Yousuf, H. Yovita, C. Yu, J.S.J. Yuan, N. Yufaniaputri, B. Yung, D. Yusef, S. Yusef, I. Yusuf, A.-S. Zafar, S. Zagalo, S. Zaher, A. Zahoor, M. Zainab, T. Zak, K. Zaki, N. Zakir, K. Zalewska, A. Zamalloa, M. Zaman, S. Zaman, J. Zamikula, L. Zammit, M. Zammit-Mangion, M. Zawadzka, M. Zayed, E. Zebracki, D. Zehnder, L. Zeidan, D. Zeinali, J. Zhang, X. Zhao, D. Zheng, D. Zhu, M. Zia, O. Zibdeh, R. Zill-E-Huma, E.T. Zin, E. Zincone, G. Zindoga, E. Zinkin, V. Zinyemba, C. Zipitis, L. Zitter, A. Zmierczak, G. Zubikarai, A. Zubir, N. Zuhra, R. Zulaikha, S. Zulfikar, C. Zullo, and A. Zuriaga-Alvaro
Subjects: COVID-19, Corticosteroid, Dexamethasone, Mortality, Clinical trial, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: Low dose corticosteroids (e.g., 6 mg dexamethasone) have been shown to reduce mortality for hypoxic COVID-19 patients. We have previously reported that higher dose corticosteroids cause harm in patients with clinical hypoxia but not receiving ventilatory support (the combination of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, including high-flow nasal oxygen, continuous positive airway pressure and bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation), but the balance of efficacy and safety in patients receiving ventilatory support is uncertain. Methods: This randomised, controlled, open-label platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy [RECOVERY]) assessed multiple possible treatments in patients hospitalised for COVID-19. Eligible and consenting adult patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated (1:1) to either usual care with higher dose corticosteroids (dexamethasone 20 mg once daily for 5 days followed by 10 mg once daily for 5 days or until discharge if sooner) or usual standard of care alone (which includes dexamethasone 6 mg once daily for 10 days or until discharge if sooner). The primary outcome was 28-day mortality; secondary outcomes were duration of hospitalisation and (among participants not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline) the composite of invasive mechanical ventilation or death. Recruitment closed on 31 March 2024 when funding for the trial ended. The RECOVERY trial is registered with ISRCTN (50189673) and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04381936). Findings: Between 25 May 2021 and 9 January 2024, 477 COVID-19 patients receiving ventilatory support were randomly allocated to receive usual care plus higher dose corticosteroids vs. usual care alone (of whom 99% received corticosteroids during the follow-up period). Of those randomised, 221 (46%) were in Asia, 245 (51%) in the UK and 11 (2%) in Africa. 143 (30%) had diabetes mellitus. Overall, 86 (35%) of 246 patients allocated to higher dose corticosteroids vs. 86 (37%) of 231 patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days (rate ratio [RR] 0.87; 95% CI 0.64–1.18; p = 0.37). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days (128 [52%] in the higher dose corticosteroids group vs. 120 [52%] in the usual care group; RR 1.04, 0.81–1.33]; p = 0.78). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, there was no clear reduction in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilation or death (76 [37%] of 206 vs. 93 [45%] of 205; RR 0.79 [95% CI 0.63–1.00]; p = 0.05). Interpretation: In patients hospitalised for COVID-19 receiving ventilatory support, we found no evidence that higher dose corticosteroids reduced the risk of death compared to usual care, which included low dose corticosteroids. Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council) and National Institute for Health Research (Grant ref: MC_PC_19056), and Wellcome Trust (Grant Ref: 222406/Z/20/Z).
Published: 2025
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5. Detection of alteration in carotid artery volumetry using standard-of-care computed tomography surveillance scans following unilateral radiation therapy for early-stage tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma survivors: a cross-sectional internally-matched carotid isodose analysis

Author: Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Mohamed A. Naser, Abdallah Sherif Radwan Mohamed, Salman A. Eraj, Andrea Jarre, Jay C. Shiao, Mona Kamal, Subha Perni, Jack P. Phan, William H. Morrison, Steven J. Frank, G.Brandon Gunn, Adam S. Garden, Anita Deswal, Jun-ichi Abe, David I. Rosenthal, Elie Mouhayar, and Clifton D. Fuller
Subjects: Radiation therapy, Radiation-induced carotid artery disease, Carotid artery volumetry, Computed tomography, Tonsillar cancer, Head and neck cancer, Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine, R895-920, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Aim: This study leveraged standard-of-care CT scans of patients receiving unilateral radiotherapy (RT) for early tonsillar cancer to detect volumetric changes in the carotid arteries, and determine whether there is a dose–response relationship. Methods: Disease-free cancer survivors (>3 months since therapy and age > 18 years) treated with intensity modulated RT for early (T1-2, N0-2b) tonsillar cancer with pre- and post-therapy contrast-enhanced CT scans available were included. Patients treated with definitive surgery, bilateral RT, or additional RT before the post-RT CT scan were excluded. Isodose lines from treatment plans were projected onto both scans, facilitating the delineation of carotid artery subvolumes in 5 Gy increments (i.e. received 50–55 Gy, 55–60 Gy, etc.). The percent-change in sub-volumes across each dose range was examined. Results: Among 46 patients, 72 % received RT alone, 24 % induction chemotherapy followed by RT, and 4 % concurrent chemoradiation. The median interval from RT completion to the latest, post-RT CT scan was 43 months (IQR 32–57). A decrease in the volume of the irradiated carotid artery was observed in 78 % of patients, while there was a statistically significant difference in mean %-change (±SD) between the total irradiated and spared carotid volumes (−7.0 ± 9.0 vs. + 3.5 ± 7.2, respectively, p
Published: 2025
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6. Adaptive chunking improves effective working memory capacity in a prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia circuit

Author: Aneri Soni and Michael J Frank
Subjects: neural network, working memory, prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia network, chunking, credit assignment, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: How and why is working memory (WM) capacity limited? Traditional cognitive accounts focus either on limitations on the number or items that can be stored (slots models), or loss of precision with increasing load (resource models). Here, we show that a neural network model of prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia can learn to reuse the same prefrontal populations to store multiple items, leading to resource-like constraints within a slot-like system, and inducing a trade-off between quantity and precision of information. Such ‘chunking’ strategies are adapted as a function of reinforcement learning and WM task demands, mimicking human performance and normative models. Moreover, adaptive performance requires a dynamic range of dopaminergic signals to adjust striatal gating policies, providing a new interpretation of WM difficulties in patient populations such as Parkinson’s disease, ADHD, and schizophrenia. These simulations also suggest a computational rather than anatomical limit to WM capacity.
Published: 2025
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7. Basal ganglia components have distinct computational roles in decision-making dynamics under conflict and uncertainty.

Author: Nadja R Ging-Jehli, James F Cavanagh, Minkyu Ahn, David J Segar, Wael F Asaad, and Michael J Frank
Subjects: Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: The basal ganglia (BG) play a key role in decision-making, preventing impulsive actions in some contexts while facilitating fast adaptations in others. The specific contributions of different BG structures to this nuanced behavior remain unclear, particularly under varying situations of noisy and conflicting information that necessitate ongoing adjustments in the balance between speed and accuracy. Theoretical accounts suggest that dynamic regulation of the amount of evidence required to commit to a decision (a dynamic "decision boundary") may be necessary to meet these competing demands. Through the application of novel computational modeling tools in tandem with direct neural recordings from human BG areas, we find that neural dynamics in the theta band manifest as variations in a collapsing decision boundary as a function of conflict and uncertainty. We collected intracranial recordings from patients diagnosed with either Parkinson's disease (PD) (n = 14) or dystonia (n = 3) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN), globus pallidus internus (GPi), and globus pallidus externus (GPe) during their performance of a novel perceptual discrimination task in which we independently manipulated uncertainty and conflict. To formally characterize whether these task and neural components influenced decision dynamics, we leveraged modified diffusion decision models (DDMs). Behavioral choices and response time distributions were best characterized by a modified DDM in which the decision boundary collapsed over time, but where the onset and shape of this collapse varied with conflict. Moreover, theta dynamics in BG structures modulated the onset and shape of this collapse but differentially across task conditions. In STN, theta activity was related to a prolonged decision boundary (indexed by slower collapse and therefore more deliberate choices) during high conflict situations. Conversely, rapid declines in GPe theta during low conflict conditions were related to rapidly collapsing boundaries and expedited choices, with additional complementary decision bound adjustments during high uncertainty situations. Finally, GPi theta effects were uniform across conditions, with increases in theta associated with a prolongation of decision bound collapses. Together, these findings provide a nuanced understanding of how our brain thwarts impulsive actions while nonetheless enabling behavioral adaptation amidst noisy and conflicting information.
Published: 2025
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8. Analysis of the Biomechanical Effects of Vertebral Body Tethering With Apical Fusion.

Author: Frank J, Trobisch PD, Pishnamaz M, Hildebrand F, and Praster M
Subjects: Humans, Biomechanical Phenomena physiology, Lumbar Vertebrae surgery, Lumbar Vertebrae physiopathology, Adolescent, Spinal Fusion methods, Scoliosis surgery, Scoliosis physiopathology, Thoracic Vertebrae surgery, Thoracic Vertebrae physiopathology, Vertebral Body surgery, Vertebral Body physiopathology
Abstract: Study Design: Biomechanical study by using a multibody simulation approach., Objective: Objectification of spinal biomechanics after vertebral body tethering with and without apical fusion., Summary of Background Data: Vertebral body tethering, a motion-preserving surgical technique for correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, is increasingly being used for thoracolumbar curves. However, tether breakage remains a common problem with breakage rates up to 60% for TL curves. Therefore, surgeons have begun to adapt their surgical technique by fusing the apex. The short-term clinical studies show a significant reduction of the tether breakage rate to 10%, but little is known about the biomechanical reasons. Therefore, this study analyzes the intervertebral compression and tether force in a tethered spine without apical fusion and in a tethered spine with apical fusion between L1/2., Methods: A multibody simulation approach was chosen to analyze the biomechanical effects of two surgical techniques during different physiological movements. The tether and intervertebral compression forces in the different instrumented segments are once analyzed for a T10 to L3 tethered spine and once for a T10 to L3 tethered with additional L1/2 fusion using an intervertebral cage., Results: VBT with apical fusion reduces the prevailing tether forces not only at the fused level by nearly 861 N but also at the adjacent spinal segments by around 100 N. However, a significant increase in intervertebral compression force of ~706 N can be observed, especially at the adjacent spinal segments., Conclusion: L1/2 fusion in a tethered spine reduces tether forces in adjacent segments and thus might decrease the rate of tether breakage. However, fusion results in increased intervertebral compression forces by up to 31% compared with an unfused spine. Long-term clinical studies are needed to further analyze and evaluate the biomechanical consequences., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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9. Inconsistencies in the published rabbit ribosomal rRNAs: a proposal for uniformity in sequence and site numbering.

Author: De S, Zhou M, Brown ZP, Burton-Smith RN, Hashem Y, Pestova T, Hellen CUT, and Frank J
Abstract: Examination of all publicly available Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit) ribosome cryo-EM structures reveals numerous confusing inconsistencies. First, there are a plethora of single nucleotide differences among the various rabbit 28S and 18S rRNA structures. Second, two nucleotides are absent from the NCBI Reference Sequence for the 18S rRNA gene. Moving forward, we propose using the Broad Institute's rabbit whole genome shotgun sequence and numbering to reduce modeling ambiguity and improve consistency between ribosome models., (Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press for the RNA Society.)
Published: 2025
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10. Linguistic style as a digital marker for depression severity: An ambulatory assessment pilot study in patients with depressive disorder undergoing sleep deprivation therapy.

Author: Hartnagel LM, Ebner-Priemer UW, Foo JC, Streit F, Witt SH, Frank J, Limberger MF, Horn AB, Gilles M, Rietschel M, and Sirignano L
Abstract: Background: Digital phenotyping and monitoring tools are the most promising approaches to automatically detect upcoming depressive episodes. Especially, linguistic style has been seen as a potential behavioral marker of depression, as cross-sectional studies showed, for example, less frequent use of positive emotion words, intensified use of negative emotion words, and more self-references in patients with depression compared to healthy controls. However, longitudinal studies are sparse and therefore it remains unclear whether within-person fluctuations in depression severity are associated with individuals' linguistic style., Methods: To capture affective states and concomitant speech samples longitudinally, we used an ambulatory assessment approach sampling multiple times a day via smartphones in patients diagnosed with depressive disorder undergoing sleep deprivation therapy. This intervention promises a rapid change of affective symptoms within a short period of time, assuring sufficient variability in depressive symptoms. We extracted word categories from the transcribed speech samples using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count., Results: Our analyses revealed that more pleasant affective momentary states (lower reported depression severity, lower negative affective state, higher positive affective state, (positive) valence, energetic arousal and calmness) are mirrored in the use of less negative emotion words and more positive emotion words., Conclusion: We conclude that a patient's linguistic style, especially the use of positive and negative emotion words, is associated with self-reported affective states and thus is a promising feature for speech-based automated monitoring and prediction of upcoming episodes, ultimately leading to better patient care., (© 2024 The Author(s). Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Published: 2025
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11. Structural features, physiological functions and digestive properties of phosphorylated corn starch: A comparative study of four phosphorylating agents and two preparation methods.

Author: Ma L, Liu J, Cheng Y, Frank J, and Liang J
Subjects: Phosphorylation, Viscosity, Amylose chemistry, Digestion, Polyphosphates chemistry, Phytic Acid chemistry, Temperature, Starch chemistry, Zea mays chemistry, Solubility
Abstract: Phosphorylation is an important modification to modulate functional and digestive properties of starches. We systematically investigated starch phosphorylation process parameters by using two different preparation methods (slurry and semi-dry conditions) and four commonly used phosphorylating agents, namely sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), STMP/STPP (99: 1), and sodium phytate (SP). The effects of phosphorylation on physicochemical characteristics, techno-functionalities, digestive properties and structural features of corn starch were analyzed. Phosphorylation with the semi-dry method resulted in higher phosphorus content, degree of double helix, and degree of starch aggregation and lower amylose content and relative crystallinity than with the slurry method. Phosphorylation using semi-dry conditions, irrespective of the used phosphorylating agent, furthermore decreased the gelatinization temperature, enthalpy, the temperature corresponding to the maximum starch mass loss rate and estimated glycemic index of corn starch, and increased solubility, swelling power, peak viscosity, transmittance, and resistant starch content. Of the phosphorylating agents, independent of the used preparation method, STMP and STMP/STPP resulted in the highest degrees of starch phosphorylation and therefore modulated the physiochemical, functional and digestive properties of corn starch more than STPP and SP. The findings of this systematic comparison provide important information to tailor phosphorylated corn starches to meet specific food requirements., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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12. In heart failure, echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular function are powerful tools to predict renal failure.

Author: Reinecke A, Dißmann P, Frey N, Müller OJ, Seoudy H, Frank J, Frank D, and Spehlmann ME
Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in patients with heart failure (HF) and is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased need for intensive care and mortality. There is an urgent need to identify factors that influence the interaction between heart and kidney disorders, often described as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). We investigated the epidemiology and risk factors of renal insufficiency in patients with HF., Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 281 consecutive patients with HF that are examined at regular intervals at our outpatient clinic for HF. CKD was defined as the presence of an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and worsening renal function (WRF) was defined as a decrease of eGFR > 15% within a year. We assessed the patient's medical history, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters at baseline and after 12 months., Results: Right ventricular dysfunction was associated with CKD and WRF. In particular, echocardiographic parameters 'tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) < 15 mm' (P < 0.001; OR 2.932), 'tricuspid regurgitation (TR) > I°' [P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR) 5.958] and dilatation of inferior vena cava (IVC) (P < 0.001; OR 3.670) were significantly correlated with renal failure. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were significantly associated with CKD (P < 0.001; OR 6.109) and correlated with pressure and volume load of the right heart., Conclusions: The results of this work support the theory of right-sided cardiac backward failure, often accompanied by hypervolaemia, as a leading cause of HF-related renal failure. Right heart parameters, especially TR, TAPSE and IVC, are obtained easily by transthoracic echocardiography and can predict renal failure., (© 2025 The Author(s). ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology.)
Published: 2025
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13. Minnesota Public Health Corps: A Qualitative Assessment of AmeriCorps' Members Experiences.

Author: Stabler H, Kirkland C, Frank J, Price R, and Leider J
Abstract: Context: Long-standing gaps in public health capacity exist due to extensive workforce shortages, particularly in governmental public health (GPH); these gaps were worsened during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, the federal government established Public Health AmeriCorps (PHA), which supported the integration of AmeriCorps members in public health systems. Minnesota Public Health Corps (MNPHC) prioritized placing members in GPH agencies to increase GPH capacity. Initial evaluation results (2022-2023) suggest that program members were well-integrated into agencies. This article reports on the contextual information offered by MNPHC members throughout their service, including the specific programs and activities members implemented, to better explain how members were successful at extending agencies' capacity., Objectives: Activities, challenges, and successes of members during their service are described to better explain how members were successful at extending their sites' capacity., Design: Descriptive qualitative methods using data reported each month by 60 members., Setting: GPH agencies with at least one AmeriCorps member., Participants: MNPHC members and GPH agencies., Intervention: MNPHC members at GPH agencies across Minnesota who implemented service plans., Main Outcome Measure: Outcomes of interest included salient themes within MNPHC members' (1) activities, (2) encountered challenges and barriers, (3) successes., Results: MNPHC members implemented public health activities that helped bolster the capacity at host sites. The most common activities were related to public health communications, community engagement, and data analysis. Reported successes were largely concerned with progress made on the different activities being implemented by members. Members also reported few challenges; however, most reported challenges related to common issues encountered in public health, such as difficulty working with community partners or finding available data., Conclusions: MNPHC offers a compelling model that provides support to the GPH workforce while also offering those considering a career in GPH an opportunity to experience a range of public health activities., (Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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14. A multi-omics and cell type-specific characterization of the ventral striatum in human cocaine use disorder.

Author: Zillich E, Artioli A, Rossetti AC, Avetyan D, Belschner H, Frank J, Stein F, Schwarz JJ, Mechawar N, Turecki G, Nöthen MM, Hansson AC, Witt CC, Rietschel M, Koch P, Spanagel R, Zillich L, and Witt SH
Subjects: Humans, Male, Proteomics methods, MicroRNAs metabolism, MicroRNAs genetics, Neurons metabolism, Female, Transcriptome genetics, Adult, Middle Aged, Multiomics, Cocaine-Related Disorders metabolism, Cocaine-Related Disorders pathology, Ventral Striatum metabolism, Astrocytes metabolism
Abstract: Epigenome, transcriptome, and proteome analyses of postmortem brains have revealed initial molecular insights into cocaine use disorder (CUD). However, the inter-relationship between these omics and the contribution of individual cell types remains largely unknown. We present an in-depth analysis of molecular changes in the ventral striatum in CUD at multi-omics and single-cell resolution. Integrative multi-omics analyses of microRNA sequencing (microRNA-seq), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and proteomics datasets in 41 individuals and single-nuclei RNA-seq in a subset of 16 individuals revealed conserved deregulation of metabolic pathways, oxidative phosphorylation, and glutamatergic signaling. Cell type-specific analyses identified inverse metabolic pathway deregulation patterns in glial and neuronal cells, notably in astrocytes and medium-spiny neurons (MSNs). Characterizing astrocyte-neuron crosstalk revealed altered glutamatergic and cell-cell adhesion signaling in CUD. By applying a comprehensive multi-omics analytical framework, our study provides novel insights into CUD-associated molecular changes in the ventral striatum highlighting the perturbation of astrocytes, MSNs, and their crosstalk in CUD., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests The authors declare that there are no competing interests., (Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Published: 2025
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15. Intimate Partner Violence and Additional Victim-Offender Relationships: An Examination of Gender and Other Differences in Victim Fear Using National Crime Victimization Survey Data.

Author: McGrath SA and Abbott J
Abstract: Research addressing the link between victimization experiences and fear of crime finds that intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization is also of consequence, with victims of IPV being more fearful than non-IPV victims. Though research on the IPV-fear link is plentiful, there is an absence of focusing exclusively on crime victims. The focus of this research is on the potential differential effects of IPV and other types of victimization on victims' fear and if it delineates to gender differences in victimization type and victim fear. This study uses the National Crime Victimization Survey data to examine whether IPV victims display higher levels of fear compared to victims of other relationship types and whether these relationships hold for males and females. Results indicate that IPV victimization does have a positive relationship with fear and that the effect is evident among females but not males., (© 2024 Springer Publishing Company.)
Published: 2025
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16. A PDMS-based Microfluidic Chip Assembly for Time-Resolved Cryo-EM (TRCEM) Sample Preparation.

Author: Feng X and Frank J
Abstract: Time-resolved cryo-EM (TRCEM) makes it possible to provide structural and kinetic information on a reaction of biomolecules before the equilibrium is reached. Several TRCEM methods have been developed in the past to obtain key insights into the mechanism of action of molecules and molecular machines on the time scale of tens to hundreds of milliseconds, which is unattainable by the normal blotting method. Here, we present our TRCEM setup utilizing a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based microfluidics chip assembly, comprising three components: a PDMS-based, internally SiO 2 -coated micromixer, a glass-capillary microreactor, and a PDMS-based microsprayer for depositing the reaction product onto the EM grid. As we have demonstrated in recent experiments, this setup is capable of addressing problems of severe sample adsorption and ineffective mixing of fluids and leads to highly reproducible results in applications to the study of translation. As an example, we used our TRCEM sample preparation method to investigate the molecular mechanism of ribosome recycling mediated by High frequency of lysogenization X (HflX), which demonstrated the efficacy of the TRCEM device and its capability to yield biologically significant, reproducible information. This protocol has the promise to provide structural and kinetic information on pre-equilibrium intermediates in the 10-1,000 ms time range in applications to many other biological systems. Key features • Design and fabrication of high-performance splitting-and-recombination-based micromixer and planar microsprayer. • Protocol for SiO 2 coating on the PDMS surface and fabrication of the microfluidic chip assembly. • Preparation of time-resolved cryo-EM sample in the time range of 10-1,000 ms. • Data collection on EM grid covered with droplets from the microsprayer., Competing Interests: Competing interestsColumbia University has filed a patent application related to this work for which X.F. and J.F. are inventors., (©Copyright : © 2025 The Authors; This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license.)
Published: 2025
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17. Phototoxicity and skin damage: A review of adverse effects of some furocoumarins found in natural extracts.

Author: Irizar A, Boislève F, Gautier F, Nash JF, Pfuhler S, Ritacco G, Vey M, Wolf N, and Cadby PA
Abstract: The phototoxicological effects of furocoumarins have been extensively studied. In association with UVA, some of these natural constituents of botanical isolates used in cosmetics, can be photoirritant, photogenotoxic and/or photocarcinogenic. Importantly, not all furocoumarins share the same degree of potency and some are inactive. The more potent furocoumarins, 8-methoxypsoralen and 5-methoxypsoralen, have been subject to extensive mechanistic studies. The formation of adducts with DNA has been widely studied but other contributary mechanisms have also been proposed. The phototoxicological effects, ranging from photoirritation to photocarcinogenicity, are dependent on the dermal dose of furocoumarin and the fluence (dose) of filtered, artificial UVA light. This is particularly evident from photocarcinogenicity studies in animals and from the effect of sequential irradiation sessions in patients receiving Psoralen-UVA (PUVA) therapy. A currently enforced limit of 1 ppm for sun bronzing and sunscreen products for which prolonged intentional exposure to UVA is likely, and 5ppm total furocoumarin concentration in other cosmetic products, e.g., facial cosmetics, that are likely to be only exposed to adventitious and intermittent UVA irradiation, provides a suitably protective threshold when compared to the UV exposure that has been used in studies on animals and in treating PUVA patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest ☒ The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Amaia Irizar reports financial support was provided by International Fragrance Association. Amaia Irizar reports a relationship with International Fragrance Association that includes: consulting or advisory. Fanny Boisleve reports a relationship with Chanel that includes: employment. Francoise Gautier reports a relationship with L’Oréal SA that includes: employment. J Frank Nash reports a relationship with The Procter & Gamble Company that includes: employment. Stefan Pfuhler reports a relationship with The Procter & Gamble Company that includes: employment. Gretchen Ritacco reports a relationship with Research Institute for Fragrance Materials that includes: employment. Matthias Vey reports a relationship with International Fragrance Association that includes: employment. Nicolas Wolf reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. Peter A. Cadby reports a relationship with International Fragrance Association that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Published: 2025
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18. Diversity competence in medical education: short-term effectiveness of an interprofessional diversity-specific undergraduate learning.

Author: Linde P, Hallal H, Charkina P, Adams A, Frank J, Wegen S, Fan J, Nadjiri L, Zims H, Stosch C, and Baues C
Subjects: Humans, Prospective Studies, Male, Female, Germany, Cultural Competency education, Interprofessional Relations, Young Adult, Adult, Competency-Based Education, Cultural Diversity, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Students, Medical psychology, Curriculum
Abstract: Background: Diversity competence, diversity itself, and a corresponding awareness of possible (intersectional) discrimination mechanisms have not been anchored in the German National Competence based Learning Objectives Catalogue for Medicine 2.0 (Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog 2.0., NKLM) yet, highlighting a systemic gap in national competency frameworks. We present our first experience with a prospective diversity-specific intervention in medical students to assess its short-term impact on students' diversity acceptance (DA) and to develop actionable recommendations for integrating diversity into medical education., Methods: We designed a prospective cohort study using a control group (CG) and intervention group (IG) design. The IG absolved a five-day diversity-specific intervention (50 h; field trip; seminar). Quantitative data were collected using the validated DWD-O5 scale at baseline (T0), three months (T3), and six months (T6), complemented by qualitative responses (diversity issues in the medical curriculum; perceptions and criticisms) categorized using Mayring's content analysis. Descriptive and non-parametric statistics were performed., Results: Thirty-one medical students (n = 10, IG vs n = 21, CG) were enrolled. The IG demonstrated a short-term improvement in diversity competence (+ 9.72%) across all DWD-O5 factors during the intervention. While scores slightly declined at T6, they remained above baseline levels. 35% (CG) vs. 56% (IG) have experienced discrimination in context of medical studies on their own. Participants in both groups stressed the importance of integrating diversity criteria into curricula at an early stage (100% agreement). Findings revealed three key themes: perceived inadequacies in current curricula, self-reported discrimination experiences, and a strong desire for practical diversity training, such as simulation-based learning., Conclusion: The intervention shows promise as an initial step toward addressing diversity gaps in medical education. By combining historical, cultural, and experiential learning approaches, the program fosters essential competencies such as empathy, self-reflection, and bias recognition. More broadly, sustained improvements in diversity competence require longitudinal integration of diversity training across curricula and systemic reforms to national frameworks like the NKLM. Future research should explore the long-term impact of such interventions and strategies for institutionalizing equity-focused medical education., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Research Committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This analysis has been approved by the independent Ethics Commission of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Cologne (no reference number). Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s).)
Published: 2025
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19. Transcatheter Repair Versus Surgery for Atrial Versus Ventricular Functional Mitral Regurgitation: A Post Hoc Analysis of the MATTERHORN Trial.

Author: Rudolph F, Geyer M, Baldus S, De Luca VM, Doenst T, Pfister R, Gummert J, Kessler M, Boekstegers P, Lubos E, Schröder J, Thiele H, Walther T, Kelm M, Hausleiter J, Eitel I, Fischer-Rasokat U, Bufe A, Schmeisser A, Ince H, Lurz P, von Bardeleben RS, Hagl C, Noack T, Reith S, Beucher H, Reichenspurner H, Rottbauer W, Schulze PC, Müller W, Frank J, Michalik C, Hellmich M, Wahlers T, Rudolph V, and Iliadis C
Abstract: Competing Interests: S.B. reports an unrestricted research grant for the MATTERHORN trial from Abbott Vascular; an unrestricted research grant to perform a study in patients with heart failure receiving a myeloperoxidase inhibitor; and consultant honoraria from Edwards Lifesciences. R.P. reports the following: speaker engagement with Abbott Vascular and consultant for Edwards Lifesciences. M.K. reports a grant/contract from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences. P.B. reports a consultant agreement for proctoring from Abbott Vascular. E.L. reports research funding from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences; a grant/contract from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences; speaker honoraria from Abbott, Abiomed, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Edwards Lifesciences, and Novartis; travel support from Abbott, Abiomed, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Cardiovalve, Edwards Lifesciences, Novartis, and New Valve Technology; and data safety monitoring board in New Valve Technology, Novartis, and Cardiovalve. J.G. reports the following: lecture fees from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences, consultant as advisory board member in Berlin Heart, as selection committee in Fine Heart, and as advisory board member in Medtronic. M.K. reports grants/contracts from Abbott Vascular, Abiomed, Amgen, Braun Medical, Boston Scientific, Daiichi Sankzo Europe, Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft, Edwards Lifesciences, Mars Scientific Advisory Council, Medtronic, Microvision, and Philips. J.H. reports consultant and travel fees from Edwards Lifesciences. A.S. reports speaker engagement with Abbott Vascular. H.I. is a consultant for Abbott Vascular. P.L. reports the following: consultant for Abbott Vascular, Boehringer Ingelheim, Edwards Lifesciences, Innoventric, Medtronic, ReCor; grant/contract from Boehringer Ingelheim and ReCor; stock option from Innoventric. R.S.B. reports the following: echocardiography core laboratory contract with University of Göttingen (RESHAPE-HF II trial) and echo corelab contract with University of Cologne (MATTERHORN trial); consulting fees from Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, Jenscare, and Medtronic; honoraria from Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, Jenavalve, Jenscare, Medtronic, Philips, and Siemens; data safety monitoring board member for Medtronic; and committee member of Heart Valve Society and European Union Structural Heart Disease Coalition. T.N. received grants/contracts from Abbott Vascular, Edwards Lifesciences, and Medtronic. H.R. reports lecture fees from Edwards Lifesciences. W.R. reports a consultant agreement from Abbott Vascular. P.C.S. reports data and safety monitoring for Abbott Vascular, AstraZeneca, and Bayer; grants/contracts from Abiomed, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bundeministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Deutsche Herzstiftung, Edwards Lifesciences, and Else-Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung; and speaker engagement with Abiomed, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Edwards Lifesciences, Medtronic, and Pharmacosmos Therapeutics. W.M. reports funding from the Department of Cardiology, University of Cologne, as payment to the Institute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, University of Cologne. M.H. reports employment with the University of Cologne. V.R. reports a grant/contract from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences. C.I. reports travel expenses and consultant honoraria from Abbott Vascular and Edwards Lifesciences. The other authors report no conflicts.
Published: 2025
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20. CD24 flags anastasis in melanoma cells.

Author: Vasileva MH, Bennemann A, Zachmann K, Schön MP, Frank J, and Ulaganathan VK
Subjects: Humans, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Neoplasm Metastasis, Cell Movement, CD24 Antigen metabolism, CD24 Antigen genetics, Melanoma pathology, Melanoma metabolism, Melanoma genetics, Apoptosis
Abstract: Anastasis is a phenomenon observed in cancer cells, where cells that have initiated apoptosis are able to recover and survive. This molecular event is increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to cancer metastasis, facilitating the survival and migration of tumor cells. Nevertheless, the identification of a specific surface marker for detecting cancer cells in anastasis remained elusive. Here we report our observation that the cell surface expression of CD24 is preferentially enriched in a non-adherent FSC low SSC high melanoma subpopulation, which is generally considered a non-viable population in cultivated melanoma cell lines. More than 90% of non-adherent FSC low SSC high CD24 +ve metastatic melanoma cells exhibited bonafide features of apoptosis on the cell surface and in the nucleus, marking apoptotic or seemingly apoptotic subpopulations of the in vitro cultivated metastatic melanoma cell lines. Unexpectedly, however, the CD24 +ve subpopulation, despite being apoptotic, showed evidence of metabolic activity and exhibited proliferative capacities, including anchorage-independent growth, when inoculated in soft agarose growth medium. These findings indicate that apoptotic FSC low SSC high CD24 +ve melanoma subpopulations are capable of reversing the progression of apoptosis. We report CD24 as the first novel cell surface marker for anastasis in melanoma cells., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Published: 2025
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21. Bond Confinement-Dependent Peierls Distortion in Epitaxially Grown Bismuth Films.

Author: Hoff F, Kerres P, Veslin T, Jalil AR, Schmidt T, Ritarossi S, Köttgen J, Bothe L, Frank J, Schön CF, Xu Y, Kim D, Mertens J, Mayer J, Mazzarello R, and Wuttig M
Abstract: A systematic study of the impact of film thickness on the properties of thin Bi films is presented. To this end, epitaxial films of high quality have been grown on a Si (111) substrate with thicknesses ranging from 1.9 to 29.9 nm. Broadband optical spectroscopy reveals a notable decline in the optical dielectric constant and the absorption peak height as the film thickness decreases, alongside a shift of the absorption maximum to higher photon energies. Raman and pump-probe spectroscopy show that the phonon mode frequencies increase upon decreasing film thickness, with the in-plane mode frequency rising by 10% from the thickest to the thinnest sample. The X-ray diffraction analysis reveals an increasing Peierls distortion for thinner films, explaining the observed property changes. Quantum chemical bonding analysis and density functional theory calculations show that the properties of thin bismuth are influenced by the interplay between electron localization and delocalization, characteristic of metavalently bonded solids. This study shows that for solids that utilize metavalent bonding, a thickness reduction leads to significant property changes. The effect can even be employed to tailor material properties without the need to change material stoichiometry., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
Published: 2025
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22. Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

Author: O'Connell KS, Koromina M, van der Veen T, Boltz T, David FS, Yang JMK, Lin KH, Wang X, Coleman JRI, Mitchell BL, McGrouther CC, Rangan AV, Lind PA, Koch E, Harder A, Parker N, Bendl J, Adorjan K, Agerbo E, Albani D, Alemany S, Alliey-Rodriguez N, Als TD, Andlauer TFM, Antoniou A, Ask H, Bass N, Bauer M, Beins EC, Bigdeli TB, Pedersen CB, Boks MP, Børte S, Bosch R, Brum M, Brumpton BM, Brunkhorst-Kanaan N, Budde M, Bybjerg-Grauholm J, Byerley W, Cabana-Domínguez J, Cairns MJ, Carpiniello B, Casas M, Cervantes P, Chatzinakos C, Chen HC, Clarence T, Clarke TK, Claus I, Coombes B, Corfield EC, Cruceanu C, Cuellar-Barboza A, Czerski PM, Dafnas K, Dale AM, Dalkner N, Degenhardt F, DePaulo JR, Djurovic S, Drange OK, Escott-Price V, Fanous AH, Fellendorf FT, Ferrier IN, Forty L, Frank J, Frei O, Freimer NB, Fullard JF, Garnham J, Gizer IR, Gordon SD, Gordon-Smith K, Greenwood TA, Grove J, Guzman-Parra J, Ha TH, Hahn T, Haraldsson M, Hautzinger M, Havdahl A, Heilbronner U, Hellgren D, Herms S, Hickie IB, Hoffmann P, Holmans PA, Huang MC, Ikeda M, Jamain S, Johnson JS, Jonsson L, Kalman JL, Kamatani Y, Kennedy JL, Kim E, Kim J, Kittel-Schneider S, Knowles JA, Kogevinas M, Kranz TM, Krebs K, Kushner SA, Lavebratt C, Lawrence J, Leber M, Lee HJ, Liao C, Lucae S, Lundberg M, MacIntyre DJ, Maier W, Maihofer AX, Malaspina D, Manchia M, Maratou E, Martinsson L, Mattheisen M, McGregor NW, McInnis MG, McKay JD, Medeiros H, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Millischer V, Morris DW, Moutsatsou P, Mühleisen TW, O'Donovan C, Olsen CM, Panagiotaropoulou G, Papiol S, Pardiñas AF, Park HY, Perry A, Pfennig A, Pisanu C, Potash JB, Quested D, Rapaport MH, Regeer EJ, Rice JP, Rivera M, Schulte EC, Senner F, Shadrin A, Shilling PD, Sigurdsson E, Sindermann L, Sirignano L, Siskind D, Slaney C, Sloofman LG, Smeland OB, Smith DJ, Sobell JL, Soler Artigas M, Stein DJ, Stein F, Su MH, Sung H, Świątkowska B, Terao C, Tesfaye M, Tesli M, Thorgeirsson TE, Thorp JG, Toma C, Tondo L, Tooney PA, Tsai SJ, Tsermpini EE, Vawter MP, Vedder H, Vreeker A, Walters JTR, Winsvold BS, Witt SH, Won HH, Ye R, Young AH, Zandi PP, Zillich L, Adolfsson R, Alda M, Alfredsson L, Backlund L, Baune BT, Bellivier F, Bengesser S, Berrettini WH, Biernacka JM, Boehnke M, Børglum AD, Breen G, Carr VJ, Catts S, Cichon S, Corvin A, Craddock N, Dannlowski U, Dikeos D, Etain B, Ferentinos P, Frye M, Fullerton JM, Gawlik M, Gershon ES, Goes FS, Green MJ, Grigoroiu-Serbanescu M, Hauser J, Henskens FA, Hjerling-Leffler J, Hougaard DM, Hveem K, Iwata N, Jones I, Jones LA, Kahn RS, Kelsoe JR, Kircher T, Kirov G, Kuo PH, Landén M, Leboyer M, Li QS, Lissowska J, Lochner C, Loughland C, Luykx JJ, Martin NG, Mathews CA, Mayoral F, McElroy SL, McIntosh AM, McMahon FJ, Medland SE, Melle I, Milani L, Mitchell PB, Morken G, Mors O, Mortensen PB, Müller-Myhsok B, Myers RM, Myung W, Neale BM, Nievergelt CM, Nordentoft M, Nöthen MM, Nurnberger JI, O'Donovan MC, Oedegaard KJ, Olsson T, Owen MJ, Paciga SA, Pantelis C, Pato CN, Pato MT, Patrinos GP, Pawlak JM, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Reif A, Reininghaus EZ, Ribasés M, Rietschel M, Ripke S, Rouleau GA, Roussos P, Saito T, Schall U, Schalling M, Schofield PR, Schulze TG, Scott LJ, Scott RJ, Serretti A, Smoller JW, Squassina A, Stahl EA, Stefansson H, Stefansson K, Stordal E, Streit F, Sullivan PF, Turecki G, Vaaler AE, Vieta E, Vincent JB, Waldman ID, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Werge T, Whiteman DC, Zwart JA, Edenberg HJ, McQuillin A, Forstner AJ, Mullins N, Di Florio A, Ophoff RA, and Andreassen OA
Abstract: Bipolar disorder is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease 1 . Despite high heritability (60-80%), the majority of the underlying genetic determinants remain unknown 2 . We analysed data from participants of European, East Asian, African American and Latino ancestries (n = 158,036 cases with bipolar disorder, 2.8 million controls), combining clinical, community and self-reported samples. We identified 298 genome-wide significant loci in the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, a fourfold increase over previous findings 3 , and identified an ancestry-specific association in the East Asian cohort. Integrating results from fine-mapping and other variant-to-gene mapping approaches identified 36 credible genes in the aetiology of bipolar disorder. Genes prioritized through fine-mapping were enriched for ultra-rare damaging missense and protein-truncating variations in cases with bipolar disorder 4 , highlighting convergence of common and rare variant signals. We report differences in the genetic architecture of bipolar disorder depending on the source of patient ascertainment and on bipolar disorder subtype (type I or type II). Several analyses implicate specific cell types in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, including GABAergic interneurons and medium spiny neurons. Together, these analyses provide additional insights into the genetic architecture and biological underpinnings of bipolar disorder., Competing Interests: Competing interests: T.E.T., H. Stefansson and K.S. are employed by deCODE Genetics/Amgen. E.A.S. is an employee of Regeneron Genetics Center and owns stocks of Regeneron Pharmaceutical. K.-H.L. and X.W. are employed by 23andMe. Multiple additional authors work for pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies in a manner directly analogous to academic co-authors and collaborators. A.H.Y. has given paid lectures and served on advisory boards relating to drugs used in affective and related disorders for several companies (AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Sunovion, Servier, Livanova, Janssen, Allergan, Bionomics and Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma), was Lead Investigator for the Embolden study (AstraZeneca), BCI Neuroplasticity study and Aripiprazole Mania study, and is an investigator for Janssen, Lundbeck, Livanova and Compass. J.I.N. is an investigator for Janssen. P.F.S. is on the advisory committee and a shareholder of Neumora Therapeutics. G.B. reports consultancy and speaker fees from Eli Lilly and Illumina, and grant funding from Eli Lilly. M. Landén has received speaker fees from Lundbeck. O.A.A. has served as a speaker for Janssen, Lundbeck and Sunovion, and as a consultant for Cortechs.ai. A.M.D. is a founder of and holds equity interest in CorTechs Labs and serves on its scientific advisory board; is a member of the scientific advisory board of Human Longevity and the Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Center; and has received research funding from General Electric Healthcare. E.V. has received grants and served as a consultant, advisor or CME speaker for the following entities: AB-Biotics, Abbott, Allergan, Angelini, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma, Farmindustria, Ferrer, Forest Research Institute, Gedeon Richter, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer, Roche, SAGE, Sanofi-Aventis, Servier, Shire, Sunovion, Takeda, the Brain and Behaviour Foundation, the Catalan Government (AGAUR and PERIS), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities (AES and CIBERSAM), the Seventh European Framework Programme and Horizon 2020 and the Stanley Medical Research Institute. S.K.-S. received author’s, speaker’s and consultant honoraria from Janssen, Medice Arzneimittel Pütter GmbH and Takeda outside of the current work. A. Serretti is or has been a consultant and/or speaker for: Abbott, AbbVie, Angelini, AstraZeneca, Clinical Data, Boheringer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Innovapharma, Italfarmaco, Janssen, Lundbeck, Naurex, Pfizer, Polifarma, Sanofi and Servier. J.R.D. has served as an unpaid consultant to Myriad-Neuroscience (formerly Assurex Health) in 2017 and 2019, and owns stock in CVS Health. B.M.N. is a member of the scientific advisory board at Deep Genomics, and consultant for Camp4 Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceutical and Biogen. B.-C.L., J.-W.K., Y.K.L., J.H.K., M. J. Cheon and D.J.K. are employed by Genoplan. I.B.H. is the Co-Director of Health and Policy at the Brain and Mind Centre (BMC) University of Sydney. The BMC operates an early-intervention youth services at Camperdown under contract to Headspace. I.B.H. is also the Chief Scientific Advisor to, and a 3.2% equity shareholder in, InnoWell. InnoWell was formed by the University of Sydney (45% equity) and PwC (Australia; 45% equity) to deliver the $30 M (AUD) Australian Government-funded Project Synergy (2017–2020; a 3-year program for the transformation of mental health services) and to lead transformation of mental health services internationally through the use of innovative technologies. M.J.O. and M.C.O. have received funding from Takeda Pharmaceuticals and Akrivia Health outside the scope of the current work. P. B. Mitchell. has received remuneration from Janssen (Australia) and Sanofi (Hangzhou) for lectures or advisory board membership. J.A.R.-Q. was on the speakers’ bureau and/or acted as consultant for Biogen, Idorsia, Casen-Recordati, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, Takeda, Bial, Sincrolab, Neuraxpharm, Novartis, BMS, Medice, Rubió, Uriach, Technofarma and Raffo in the past 3 years; has also received travel awards (airplane tickets and hotel) for taking part in psychiatric meetings from Idorsia, Janssen-Cilag, Rubió, Takeda, Bial and Medice; and the Department of Psychiatry chaired by J.A.R.-Q. received unrestricted educational and research support from the following companies in the past 3 years: Exeltis, Idorsia, Janssen-Cilag, Neuraxpharm, Oryzon, Roche, Probitas and Rubió. All other authors declare no competing interests., (© 2025. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Published: 2025
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23. Use of implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim QUERI: conceptualization and evolution.

Author: Glasgow RE, McCreight MS, Morgan B, Sjoberg H, Hale A, Motta LU, McKown L, Kenney R, Gilmartin H, Jones CD, Frank J, Rabin BA, and Battaglia C
Abstract: Background: Implementation strategies are essential to deliver evidence-based programs that align with local context, resources, priorities, and preferences. However, it is not always clear how specific strategies are selected (vs. others) and strategies are not always operationalized clearly, distinctly, and dynamically. Implementation logic models provide one useful way to conceptualize the role and selection of implementation strategies, plan evaluation of their intended impacts on implementation and effectiveness outcomes, and to communicate key aspects of a project., Methods: This paper describes our initial plans, experiences, and lessons learned from applying implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) a large multi-study program funded by the Veterans Health Administration (VA). We began with two primary implementation strategies based on our earlier work (i.e., Iterative RE-AIM and Relational Facilitation) that were applied across three different health outcomes studies., Results: Our implementation strategies evolved over time, and new strategies were added. This evolution and reasons for changes are summarized and illustrated with the resulting logic models, both for the overall Quadruple Aim QUERI and the three specific projects. We found that implementation strategies are often not discrete, and their delivery and adaptation is dynamic and should be guided by emerging data and evolving context. Review of logic models across projects was an efficient and useful approach for understanding similarities and differences across projects., Conclusions: Implementation logic models are helpful for clarifying key objectives and issues for both study teams and implementation partners. There are challenges in logic model construction and presentation when multiple strategies are employed, and when strategies change over time. We recommend presentation of both original and periodically updated project models and provide recommendations for future use of implementation logic models., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All VHA authors of this manuscript attest that the activities that resulted in producing this manuscript were not conducted as part of a research project, but as part of the non-research evaluation conducted under the authority of Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI). The status of this work as quality improvement and not research was also confirmed following review by the Research and Development Committee at the VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System. Consent for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: REG is an editorial board member for Implementation Science Communications., (© 2025. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)
Published: 2025
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24. Virtual reality-based neuroproprioceptive physiotherapy in multiple sclerosis: a protocol for a double-arm randomised assessor-blinded controlled trial on upper extremity function, postural function and quality of life, with molecular and functional MRI assessment.

Author: Miznerova B, Reissigova J, Vasa L, Frank J, Hudec M, Rodina L, Herynkova A, Havlik J, Tintera J, Rydlo J, Ibrahim I, O'Leary VB, Cerna M, Jurickova I, Pokorna M, Philipp T, Hlinovska J, Stetkarova I, and Rasova K
Subjects: Humans, Virtual Reality, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Double-Blind Method, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy methods, Adult, Female, Male, Posture, Hand Strength, Upper Extremity physiopathology, Multiple Sclerosis diagnostic imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods, Quality of Life, Physical Therapy Modalities
Abstract: Introduction: Upper limb (UL) impairment is common in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), and functional recovery of the UL is a key rehabilitation goal. Technology-based approaches, like virtual reality (VR), are increasingly promising. While most VR environments are task-oriented, our clinical approach integrates neuroproprioceptive 'facilitation and inhibition' (NFI) principles. To advance this, we developed immersive VR software based on NFI principles targeting UL function and sit-to-stand ability. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this VR therapy compared with conventional NFI-based physical therapy in pwMS. Our study uniquely applies advanced imaging techniques, along with biological molecular assessments, to explore adaptive processes induced by VR rehabilitation., Methods and Analysis: This double-arm, randomised, assessor-blinded, controlled trial runs over 2 months (1 hour, 2 times per week). PwMS with mild to severe disability will receive either VR therapy or real-world physical therapy. Primary outcomes include the nine-hole peg test, box and block test, handgrip strength, tremor and five times sit-to-stand test. Secondary measures include the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale, the 5-level EQ-5D questionnaire and kinematic analysis. Adaptive processes will be monitored using imaging techniques (functional MRI and tractography), molecular genetic methods (long non-coding RNAs) and immune system markers (leukocytes, dendritic cells). The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health brief set for MS will map the bio-psycho-social context of participants., Ethics and Dissemination: This project and its amendments were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Thomayer Hospital (1983/21+4772/21 (G-21-02) and the Ethics Committee of Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital (EK-VP/38/0/2021) in Prague, Czechia (with single enrolment). The findings of this project will be disseminated through scientific publications, conferences, professional networks, public engagement, educational materials and stakeholder briefings to ensure a broad impact across clinical, academic and public domains., Trial Registration Number: clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04807738)., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2025. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ Group.)
Published: 2025
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25. High heterogeneity in the size distribution of the micellar fraction from in vitro digestions: sample preparation and reporting recommendations.

Author: Will R, Rein C, Frank J, and Malan J
Abstract: Background: Understanding the size and surface charge (ζ-potential) of particles in the mixed micellar fraction produced by in vitro digestion is crucial to understand their cellular absorption and transport. The inconsistent presentation of micellar size data, often limited to average particle diameter, makes comparison of studies difficult. The present study aimed to assess different size data representations (mean particle diameter, relative intensity- or volume-weighted size distribution) to better understand physiological mixed micelle characteristics and to provide recommendations for size reporting and sample handling., Results: Dietary compounds (RRR-α-tocopherol, retinyl-palmitate, β-carotene, curcumin and naringenin) underwent a simplified in vitro digestion, whereas foods (spinach and red cabbage) were subjected to both a simplified and the INFOGEST 2.0 digestions. Dynamic light scattering was used to measure size and surface charge of the mixed micelles. A significant percentage of particles above the 200 nm filter cut-off was observed, indicating aggregation and dynamic size changes in the mixed micellar fraction. Freezing of the mixed micelles notably enhanced the aggregation., Conclusion: The determination of particle size in polydisperse mixed micellar fractions is challenging, and relying solely on average particle diameter can be misleading. Especially in more polydisperse samples, parameters such as polydispersity index and volume-weighted distribution should accompany average particle diameter data. To minimize the effect of freezing on particle size, we recommend filtering the digesta after storage (freezing), as this leads to similar size distribution compared to mixed micellar fraction measured directly after digestion. © 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.)
Published: 2025
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26. Rural-urban divide in risk perception of LSD: Implications for psychedelic-assisted therapy.

Author: Bradley M, Grossman D, Simonsson O, Copes H, and Hendricks PS
Subjects: Humans, Female, Male, Adult, United States, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Adolescent, Perception, Logistic Models, Rural Population statistics & numerical data, Hallucinogens therapeutic use, Lysergic Acid Diethylamide therapeutic use, Urban Population statistics & numerical data
Abstract: Background: Recent legislative initiatives in the United States have focused on the medical and legal status of psychedelics, prompting interest in understanding public perceptions of their risks. This study investigates rural-urban differences in the perception of LSD and cannabis risks using national survey data., Methods: Data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) between 2015 and 2021 were analyzed. Logistic regression models were used to compare risk perceptions of LSD and cannabis between rural and urban respondents, adjusting for relevant factors., Results: Rural residents were 1.2 to 1.4 times more likely to perceive using LSD once or twice as of great risk compared to urban residents during the survey period. However, the perception of monthly cannabis use as having great risk was slightly higher among rural residents only until 2019, with no significant differences observed in 2020 and 2021., Conclusion: The study highlights a significant rural-urban divide in the perception of LSD risk, which could impact policymaking on psychedelic therapies. Understanding these differences is crucial for developing effective and equitable policies regarding psychedelic substances and treatments., (© 2024 National Rural Health Association.)
Published: 2025
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26 results on '"J. Frank"'

1. Structural stability and working safety analysis for vertical sheeting works with various aspects via creative design route.

2. Effects of Adopting Preventive Drug Lists on Medication Costs and Disparities by Income Over 2 Years: A Natural Experiment for Translation in Diabetes (NEXT-D) Study.

3. Advanced Step Density Modulation Technique to Reduce Current Ripples in High-Frequency Inverter for WPT EV Charging Systems

4. Higher dose corticosteroids in hospitalised COVID-19 patients requiring ventilatory support (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trialResearch in context

5. Detection of alteration in carotid artery volumetry using standard-of-care computed tomography surveillance scans following unilateral radiation therapy for early-stage tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma survivors: a cross-sectional internally-matched carotid isodose analysis

6. Adaptive chunking improves effective working memory capacity in a prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia circuit

7. Basal ganglia components have distinct computational roles in decision-making dynamics under conflict and uncertainty.

8. Analysis of the Biomechanical Effects of Vertebral Body Tethering With Apical Fusion.

9. Inconsistencies in the published rabbit ribosomal rRNAs: a proposal for uniformity in sequence and site numbering.

10. Linguistic style as a digital marker for depression severity: An ambulatory assessment pilot study in patients with depressive disorder undergoing sleep deprivation therapy.

11. Structural features, physiological functions and digestive properties of phosphorylated corn starch: A comparative study of four phosphorylating agents and two preparation methods.

12. In heart failure, echocardiographic parameters of right ventricular function are powerful tools to predict renal failure.

13. Minnesota Public Health Corps: A Qualitative Assessment of AmeriCorps' Members Experiences.

14. A multi-omics and cell type-specific characterization of the ventral striatum in human cocaine use disorder.

15. Intimate Partner Violence and Additional Victim-Offender Relationships: An Examination of Gender and Other Differences in Victim Fear Using National Crime Victimization Survey Data.

16. A PDMS-based Microfluidic Chip Assembly for Time-Resolved Cryo-EM (TRCEM) Sample Preparation.

17. Phototoxicity and skin damage: A review of adverse effects of some furocoumarins found in natural extracts.

18. Diversity competence in medical education: short-term effectiveness of an interprofessional diversity-specific undergraduate learning.

19. Transcatheter Repair Versus Surgery for Atrial Versus Ventricular Functional Mitral Regurgitation: A Post Hoc Analysis of the MATTERHORN Trial.

20. CD24 flags anastasis in melanoma cells.

21. Bond Confinement-Dependent Peierls Distortion in Epitaxially Grown Bismuth Films.

22. Genomics yields biological and phenotypic insights into bipolar disorder.

23. Use of implementation logic models in the Quadruple Aim QUERI: conceptualization and evolution.

24. Virtual reality-based neuroproprioceptive physiotherapy in multiple sclerosis: a protocol for a double-arm randomised assessor-blinded controlled trial on upper extremity function, postural function and quality of life, with molecular and functional MRI assessment.

25. High heterogeneity in the size distribution of the micellar fraction from in vitro digestions: sample preparation and reporting recommendations.

26. Rural-urban divide in risk perception of LSD: Implications for psychedelic-assisted therapy.

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26 results on '"J. Frank"'

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