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Omics-based biomarker technologies, including metabolic profiling (metabolomics/metabonomics) and lipidomics, are making a significant impact on disease understanding, drug development, and translational research. A wide range of patho-physiological processes involve lipids and monitoring changes in lipid abundance can give valuable insights into mechanisms of drug action, off target pharmacology and toxicity. Here we report changes, detected by untargeted LC–MS, in the plasma lipid profiles of male C57Bl/6JRj mice following the PO and IV administration of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor gefitinib. Statistical analysis of the data obtained for both the IV and PO samples showed time-related changes in the amounts of lipids from several different classes. The largest effects were associated with a rapid onset of these changes following gefitinib administration followed by a gradual return by 24 h post dose to the type of lipid profile seen in predose samples. Investigation of the lipids responsible for the variance observed in the data showed that the PI, PC, LPC, PE and TG were subject to the largest disruption with both transient increases and decreases in relative amounts seen in response to administration of the drug. The pattern of the changes in the relative abundances of those lipids subject to variation appeared to be correlated to the pharmacokinetics of gefitinib (and its major metabolites). These observations support the concept of a distinct pharmacolipidodynamic relationship between drug exposure and plasma lipid abundance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]