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Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a commonly overlooked issue following ischemic stroke (IS), influenced by various risk factors including social, psychological, and biological factors. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with SD in adult male patients who have experienced an IS. Methods: A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Bogotá, Colombia, involving adult male IS patients. Sociodemographic, medical history, pharmacological history, substances consumption, and time since stroke data were collected. Clinical assessments were performed using the NIHSS score, modified Rankin score (mRankin), pain score, and mood evaluation (Beck inventories). The Arizona Sexual Experience (ASEX) scale and the frequency of sexual encounters were used to assess SD. Results: 50 males included, mean age 63.2 (±9.7) years. The most prevalent medical comorbidities were arterial hypertension (84%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) (46%). Anxiety or depression were identified in 48%. The mean scores for the NIHSS, mRankin, and pain were 6, 1, and 1, respectively. The average time from IS to clinical assessment was 6.5 months. Sexual dysfunction was observed in 18 (36%) subjects. Age (OR 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02–1.247) and location of the IS in the cortico-subcortical region of the parietal, temporal, or occipital lobes (OR 13.59, 95% CI: 1.58–405.784) were associated with SD. Conclusion: SD affects more than one-third of male patients with IS, age, and IS location identified as key risk factors. Comprehensive assessment of sexual function should be incorporated into this patients. Resumen: Introducción: La disfunción sexual (DS) después de un infarto cerebral (IC), es un problema subvalorado, influenciado por diversos factores de riesgo, incluyendo aspectos sociales, psicológicos y biológicos. Este estudio busca investigar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo asociados con la DS en hombres que han experimentado un IC. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal en Bogotá, Colombia, con pacientes adultos de sexo masculino con IC. Se recopilaron datos sociodemográficos, antecedentes médicos, historial farmacológico, consumo de sustancias y tiempo transcurrido desde el IC Se realizaron evaluaciones clínicas utilizando la Escala NIHSS, la escala modificada de Rankin (mRankin), la puntuación de dolor y una evaluación del estado de ánimo (inventarios de Beck). Se utilizó la Escala de Experiencia Sexual de Arizona (ASEX) y la frecuencia de encuentros sexuales para evaluar la DS. Resultados: Se incluyeron 50 hombres, con edad media de 63.2 (+/−9.7) años. Las comorbilidades médicas más prevalentes fueron hipertensión arterial (84%) y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (46%). Se identificaron síntomas de ansiedad o depresión en el 48% de los pacientes. Las puntuaciones medias para NIHSS, mRankin y dolor fueron de 6, 1 y 1, respectivamente. El tiempo promedio desde el IC hasta la evaluación clínica fue de 6.5 meses. Se observó DS en 18 (36%) sujetos. La edad (OR 1.12, IC 95%: 1.02–1.247) y la ubicación del IC en la región cortico-subcortical de los lóbulos parietal, temporal u occipital (OR 13.59, IC 95%: 1.58–405.784) se asociaron con DS. Conclusión: La DS afecta a más de un tercio de los pacientes masculinos con IC y la edad y la ubicación del IC fueron identificadas como factores de riesgo clave. Se sugiere incorporar una evaluación integral de la función sexual en estos pacientes.

Introducción. El consumo de café ha sido vinculado con desenlaces negativos en salud pero, en la actualidad, existe evidencia sobre efectos preventivos de desenlaces cardiovasculares en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Objetivo. Realizar búsqueda, comparación y resumen de la evidencia sobre el efecto del consumo habitual de café en la prevención de desenlaces cardiovasculares en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Métodos. Revisión de la literatura de artículos obtenidos en bases de datos: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus y Science Direct, publicados en inglés o español, complementada manualmente con referencias de los artículos citados. Resultados. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura de 12 artículos científicos, que incluyeron metaanálisis, estudios de cohorte y observacionales transversales centrados en los efectos benéficos del consumo de café en la población diabética. El consumo de café inhibe la enzima glucosa-6-fosfatasa reguladora de los niveles de glucosa y reduce la rigidez arterial, lo cual se asocia a menor riesgo de enfermedad cerebrovascular y mortalidad cardiovascular. Conclusión. El café contiene propiedades vasodilatadoras, antiinflamatorias y antioxidantes, las cuales pueden estar relacionadas con sus beneficios cardiovasculares en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. A partir de esta revisión

The new severe acute respiratory syndrome due to coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19 disease, was detected for the first time in December 2019. Where it has been seen that there is a prothrombotic state with involvement of the Central Nervous, with involvement of large vessels such as the middle cerebral artery, is due to mechanisms induced by the infection itself, hypercoagulable state and endothelial damage. Neurological manifestations in COVID-19 are found in 36% of patients. Case description: This is a 36-year-old male patient with fever, cough and general malaise. A COVID test was performed, which came out positive. His condition was getting worse adding photophobia, right hemiparesis and deviation of the corner of the mouth to the left, which is why he went to the doctor, arriving 8 hours after the onset of the clinical picture, where a simple skull tomography was performed, showing extensive infarction of the left middle cerebral artery with malignant cerebral edema. He was transferred to emergency surgical management where a left decompressive craniectomy was performed. After this, mechanical respiratory assistance with intubation and anti-cerebral edema measures were maintained, achieving ventilatory progression; however, a tracheostomy and gastrostomy were performed due to poor predictors of extubation. He was kept under post-surgical observation, leaving him with 3/5 right hemiparesis, without any other deficit, therefore, he was discharged home. Discussion: The case presented was managed with decompressive craniectomy, resulting in an improvement in survival, as reported in the literature where it is recommended that such management should be performed early. Conclusions: This report reveals that patients with COVID-19 present in young men in the fourth and fifth decade of life, without comorbidities, that recieved early treatment with decompressive hemicraniectomy, improved their life prognosis, consistent with the cases presented in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Worldwide, cerebral vascular disease is the second cause of death and the main cause of disability. It is estimated that, from the age of 25, 1 in every 4 people in the world will suffer a cerebrovascular event in their lifetime. Cerebrolysin has neuroprotective and neurorepair properties. This paper communicates the findings of different studies of the role of cardiolysin in neuroprotection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Salud Bosque is the property of Universidad El Bosque and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Neurológica Colombiana is the property of Colombian Association of Neurology / Asociacion Colombiana de Neurologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introducción: el ataque cerebrovascular isquémico (ACVi) es la segunda causa de muerte en Colombia. Se estimó que los costos asociados al ACVi podrían alcanzar los COP 5000 millones durante el 2019. Objetivo: describir los costos médicos directos de los pacientes que sufren de ACVi en una institución en Bogotá durante el 2020. Metodología: estudio de corte transversal que analiza los costos médicos directos de la atención hospitalaria de adultos que sufrieron un ACVi durante el 2020. Se compararon los costos, la estancia y los desenlaces clínicos de pacientes que recibieron trombólisis frente aquellos que no la recibieron. Resultados: los costos directos relacionados con 132 pacientes con ACVi fueron COP 1.218.970.831 en el año 2020 en nuestra institución. El costo promedio por paciente fue COP 7.845.073. Entre los eventos hospitalarios, las imágenes diagnósticas y otros métodos diagnósticos representaron la mayor proporción de costos (40?%), entre los que se destacó la angiotomografía de cabeza y cuello. La severidad del ACV influyó significativamente en los costos totales (p?=?0,018), así como en los costos de los medicamentos (p?0,001), procedimientos (p?

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon and clinically heterogeneous cerebrovascular particularly in children, only a few published case series focused in the pediatric population., Patients and Methods: Retrospective single-center observational and analytical study of consecutive pediatric patients admitted in a level II Portuguese hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of CVT, from 2003 to 2021. Clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, prothrombotic factors, treatment strategies, outcome and recanalization were documented., Results: Twelve children were included (58% female). Mean age was 7.3 years. The most frequent symptoms were vomiting, headache and behavioral alterations. Infection was the triggering factor in 50% of the cases. The diagnosis of CVT was made based on imaging evidence of thrombosis through magnetic imaging resonance (MRI) with venography and/or computed tomography (CT) with venography. In 67% of cases there were multiples sinuses involved; the transverse sinus was the most affected, followed by the sigmoid sinus. In 83% of cases anticoagulant therapy was initiated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and associated prothrombotic factors were investigated, with no major prothrombotic factors identified. No deaths occurred, but 30% had long-term neurological sequelae. One patient recurred 18 years later., Conclusion: The results of this study are consistent with data from other published studies. MRI is the preferred imaging method for diagnosis in children by avoiding ionizing radiation and allowing identification of subjacent causes. Anticoagulation with LMWH is recommended and important to reduce mortality and sequelae. Infectious diseases are the most common trigger for CVT and can also be the cause for high morbidity and poor outcomes., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Recent studies have reported an increasing incidence of ischaemic stroke among young adults. However, the strength of the association between traditional vascular risk factors has not been fully established., Methods: We compared 120 patients with a first ischaemic stroke before the age of 55 years admitted to the stroke unit of our centre with 600 healthy non-stroke controls from a population-based cohort study (HERMEX), matched for sex. Risk factors assessed included: hypertension, obesity, auricular fibrillation, current smoking, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and diabetes mellitus. We used logistic regression analysis and calculated population attributable risk. We performed an overall analysis, by sex and aetiological subgroup., Results: Using logistic regression analysis, we found that overall, the significant risk factors were: hypertension (OR: 1.58; 95%CI: 1.01-2.50), atrial fibrillation (OR: 4.77; 95%CI: 1.20-19.00), low eGFR (OR: 4.74; 95%CI: 1.3-21.94) and low HDL-C (OR: 5.20; 95%CI: 3.29-8.21), as well as smoking for males (OR: 1.86; 95%CI: 1.14-3.03). LDL-C showed an inverse association with stroke. The population attributable risk for HDL-C was 37.8% and for hypertension 21.1%. In terms of aetiological subgroups, only low HDL-C was associated with stroke of undetermined aetiology., Conclusions: Hypertension, auricular fibrillation, low eGFR, and low HDL-C, plus tobacco use in men, are the main risk factors among patients under 55 years of age with a first ischaemic stroke. We believe that it would be of particular interest to further explore the management of low HDL-C levels as part of preventive strategies in young stroke patients., (Copyright © 2022 Sociedad Española de Neurología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Objetivo general: Establecer los factores predictores en la calidad de vida en pacientes jóvenes con infarto cerebral. Antecedentes: El infarto cerebral (IC) constituye la 2da causa global de muerte y demencia, la 4ta en discapacidad ajustada a años de vida y la 1ra por diagnóstico neurológico. Según el RENAMEVASC el pronóstico funcional a 30 días por escala de Rankin modificada (eRm) 0-1 se alcanza hasta en el 41% de los casos. Los pacientes jóvenes posterior a un IC tienen mala calidad de vida por pérdida de funcionalidad, su percepción de salud, pérdida de oportunidades sociales y dependencia subjetiva de cada individuo en su entorno político, social, emocional y económico. En México no hay datos de la calidad de vida de estos pacientes, más allá de su pérdida funcional. Metodología: Se realizó la encuesta de calidad de vida SF-36 y toma de datos clínicos, paraclínicos y socio-económicos a pacientes de 18-55 años y que se encontraban 1-5 años posterior al infarto cerebral. Criterios de exclusión: Pacientes con inatención, hemorragia cerebral e intervención quirúrgica posterior al infarto. Muestreo de elección incidental razonada. Análisis estadístico con t-student, X2 y regresión lineal simple. Aprobado #24/22. Resultados: Se evaluaron 342 pacientes jóvenes con IC, se encuestaron con 156 encuestas (eliminados 184), hombres (52%), edad 53±10 años, sedentarismo (74%) e hipertensión arterial (17%). El 35% en área posterior o hemisferio izquierdo, el 11.8% tuvo transformación hemorragia y el 17% tuvo recurrencia. La secuela más encontrada fue síndrome piramidal (35.5%), logrando la independencia funcional (eRm 0-2) en un 80% de los casos, 82% tuvieron reintegración laboral y el 65% regresó a su trabajo previo. En la escala de SF-36 se muestra que la mayoría pacientes (52%) tienen una percepción de mala calidad de vida en su salud en general (Gráfica 1), secundario a una mala calidad en el resto de los dominios evaluados, sin que alguno de ellos impacte directamente en esa percepción. No hay correlación entre la escala SF-36 y las escalas de Barthel y eRm. Conclusión: La calidad de vida de nuestros pacientes jóvenes es mala posterior a un infarto cerebral, incluso aunque recuperen su independencia funcional. Detectamos que hay múltiples factores que influyen, así como las escalas utilizadas en consulta como Barthel y eRm, no representan la verdadera calidad de vida de nuestros pacientes, "por lo tanto, es importante realizar encuestas específicas para la calidad de vida y de ser necesario tener apoyo con el equipo de psiquiatría y neuropsiquiatría, porque, la mayoría tiene afectación en el estado de ánimo". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]