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The purple-spotted bigeye, Priacanthus tayenus, is a marine benthic fish native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, including the Arabian Gulf in Saudi Arabia. This study identified a myxozoan parasite infecting wild P. tayenus from the Saudi Arabian Gulf. These parasites produced spherical to ovoid-shaped, white plasmodia enclosed within pseudocysts in the fish musculature. The annual infection rate was 5.1%, with the highest prevalence in summer (7.6%), followed by spring (6%), and autumn (2.5%), while no infections were observed in winter. The number of plasmodia per fish ranged from 100 to 150 (135.1 ± 16.2). Their dimensions were 4–4.7 mm (4.3 ± 0.3 mm) in length and 4.5–7 mm (6 ± 1.1 mm) in width. Milky-colored exudates within the plasmodia contained mature spores measuring 8–9 μm (8.6 ± 0.4 μm) x 6–7.5 μm (6.9 ± 0.5 μm). The polar capsules of the spores exhibited dimensions of 2–5 μm (3.5 ± 0.5 μm) x 2.5–4.5 μm (3 ± 0.45 μm). Both morphological and genetic analyses confirmed these plasmodia as a novel Kudoa species. Histopathological examination revealed atrophy in the surrounding muscles without an inflammatory response. This study documents the first occurrence of a novel Kudoa sp. in P. tayenus at the Jubail landing site in Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for further surveillance and investigations to elucidate its pathogenesis and implications for wild fish stocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Heavy infection of the orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) with Hufmanela japonica: morphological, ultrastructural identification, tissue reactions and immunological analysis" published in Aquaculture International. The correction involves the replacement of Figure 5 in the original article with a new version that has higher resolution and a minor modification to the image. The corrected Figure 5 is included in the correction notice. The publisher, Springer Nature, maintains a neutral stance on jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. The authors of the original article are Marwa M. Attia, Mustafa M. Ibrahim, and Mahmoud A. Mahmoud. [Extracted from the article]

• DRFC solar-hydrogen: Off-grid irrigation for arid areas. • Cost-effective: 9% lower than diesel, COE $0.529, NPC $5365. • Zero emissions vs. diesel's 993 kg/year. • Steady fuel cell: Consistent hybrid power, resilient to seasonal shifts. • Global impact: Reclaim deserts, boost food security sustainably. This study focuses on the challenges of desertification and non-arable lands in off-grid remote areas with hot and arid climates. Despite the availability of groundwater, these areas require access to electricity at night to operate the water pumps to spray the crops due to high evaporation rates during the daylight. The absence of grid electricity necessitates the utilize of diesel generators to power irrigation systems, representing a significant contributor to climate change and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves. Addressing nocturnal electrification using sustainable solutions is crucial for reclaiming such areas and eliminating the environmental impacts of diesel generators. The study introduces a novel closed-loop Discrete Regenerative Fuel Cell (DRFC) solar-hydrogen storage irrigation system designed explicitly for nocturnal utilization in water-scarce regions to rectify this concern. The study then assesses its performance compared to a conventional diesel generator system when supplying a one kW water pump for a sample land area of 10 dunams. Using the HOMER Pro simulation tool, the simulation results strongly support the assertion that the PV-hydrogen irrigation system intended in this study exhibits superior techno-economic performance compared to the conventional diesel-irrigation system. A comprehensive analysis of the net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE) between the two systems reveals that the proposed system achieves values of $0.529 and $5365, respectively. In contrast, the diesel system records values of $0.572 and $5796, respectively. These findings indicate a notable 9 % reduction in overall costs associated with implementing the proposed system. Additionally, the fuel cell showed stable performance across varying months which implies a consistent and reliable contribution to the overall electrical power generation within the hybrid system, regardless of seasonal fluctuations in solar power and temperatures. Furthermore, in terms of environmental impact, our findings highlight a significant advantage of the proposed system over the diesel generator. Specifically, the proposed system produces zero carbon emissions, while emissions from the diesel generator were notably higher at 993 kg/year. It is essential to emphasize that the integration of fuel cells into the proposed system holds the potential to offer a clean source of drinking water for farmers and workers in the area. The implications of these findings can help the research community develop and facilitate the reclamation process of agricultural lands worldwide that face similar challenges to the study region. This could lead to subsequent global environmental and economic benefits, such as reducing the spread of desertification, enhancing productivity, improving food security, promoting environmental sustainability, and creating economic opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For accurate bio-sample identification, we present a unique optimized surface plasmon resonance sensor based on an X-shaped exposed-core photonic crystal fiber. Applications are made easier by the placement of the target analyte and plasmonic material on the fiber's exterior surface. The sensor has four separate silica channels that reach from the core to the metallic outer surface creating X-shape. These channels were intentionally placed to provide the highest sensitivity while maintaining the sensor's ability to be manufactured. Within a refractive index range of 1.33 to 1.40, our optimized sensor demonstrates improved detecting abilities, including a wavelength sensitivity of 8000 nm/RIU and amplitude sensitivity of - 1175.12 R I U - 1 . The suggested sensor also exhibits exceptional performance parameters, such as a resolution of 1.25 × 10 - 5 , a maximum signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 2.041 dB, a figure of merit (FOM) of 160.0 R I U - 1 , a detection accuracy (DA) of 0.02 nm−1, and minimum full width half maxima (FWHM) of 50 nm. When examining variations in the optical properties of the PCF due to different RIs of normal and cancer cells using finite element analysis, we achieve amplitude sensitivities of - 844.91, - 418 and - 1221.8 R I U - 1 for HeLa, Basal and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]