Search

Abstract The methods of QCD sum rules and light-cone sum rules within the framework of heavy quark effective theory have been widely applied to study the singly heavy baryons, and especially, we have applied these methods to predict not only the mass and width of the $$\varXi _b(6087)^0$$ Ξ b ( 6087 ) 0 recently discovered by LHCb, but also its observation channel and its mass difference from the $$\varXi _b(6100)^-$$ Ξ b ( 6100 ) - . We apply the same approach to perform a complete study on the P-wave bottom baryons of the SU(3) flavor $${\bar{\textbf{3}}}_F$$ 3 ¯ F and investigate their fine structure. Besides the $$\varLambda _b(5912)^0$$ Λ b ( 5912 ) 0 , $$\varLambda _b(5920)^0$$ Λ b ( 5920 ) 0 , $$\varXi _b(6087)^0$$ Ξ b ( 6087 ) 0 , and $$\varXi _b(6100)^-$$ Ξ b ( 6100 ) - , our results suggest the existence of the other two $$\varLambda _b$$ Λ b and two $$\varXi _b$$ Ξ b baryons, whose widths are limited. They are the $$\varLambda _b(J^P = 3/2^-)$$ Λ b ( J P = 3 / 2 - ) with the mass and width about $$(5.93^{+0.13}_{-0.13}~\textrm{GeV},\,0.0^{+12.0}_{-~0.0}~\textrm{MeV})$$ ( 5 . 93 - 0.13 + 0.13 GeV , 0 . 0 - 0.0 + 12.0 MeV ) , the $$\varLambda _b(5/2^-)$$ Λ b ( 5 / 2 - ) with $$(5.94^{+0.13}_{-0.13}~\textrm{GeV},\,\approx 0~\textrm{MeV})$$ ( 5 . 94 - 0.13 + 0.13 GeV , ≈ 0 MeV ) , the $$\varXi _b(3/2^-)$$ Ξ b ( 3 / 2 - ) with $$(6.10^{+0.15}_{-0.10}~\textrm{GeV},\, 1.4{^{+11.6}_{-~1.4}}~\textrm{MeV})$$ ( 6 . 10 - 0.10 + 0.15 GeV , 1.4 - 1.4 + 11.6 MeV ) , and the $$\varXi _b(5/2^-)$$ Ξ b ( 5 / 2 - ) with $$(6.11^{+0.15}_{-0.10}~\textrm{GeV},\,1.0{^{+7.4}_{-1.0}}~\textrm{MeV})$$ ( 6 . 11 - 0.10 + 0.15 GeV , 1.0 - 1.0 + 7.4 MeV ) . Their mass splittings are calculated to be $$M_{\varLambda _b(5/2^-)} - M_{\varLambda _b(3/2^-)} = 17\pm 7~\textrm{MeV}$$ M Λ b ( 5 / 2 - ) - M Λ b ( 3 / 2 - ) = 17 ± 7 MeV and $$M_{\varXi _b(5/2^-)} - M_{\varXi _b(3/2^-)} = 14\pm 7~\textrm{MeV}$$ M Ξ b ( 5 / 2 - ) - M Ξ b ( 3 / 2 - ) = 14 ± 7 MeV . All these baryons are explained as the P-wave bottom baryons of the $$\rho $$ ρ -mode, where the orbital excitation is between the two light quarks. However, the existence of this mode is still controversial, so their experimental searches can verify both our approach and the existence of the $$\rho $$ ρ -mode, which can significantly improve our understanding on the internal structure of hadrons.

Background and Aim: Patients suspected of Alpha 1-Antitrypsin (A1AT) abnormality based on low serum concentration are routinely confirmed through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of peripheral blood. Genotyping formalin- fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is a novel approach that could aid in detecting variant A1AT. We performed qPCR on FFPE liver explants with Periodic Acid Schiff after Diastase (PASD)- and A1AT-positive globules to confirm and estimate the frequency of A1AT deficiency in transplant cases. Materials and Methods: Eighteen (12.68%) of 142 patients with end-stage liver disease showed PASD/A1AT positive globules. FFPE of the explants was tested through qPCR to detect S and Z alleles. A second age- and sex-matched control group consisting of five liver transplant patients with negative globules was included in the study. Results: qPCR assay was successful with all the samples meeting QC parameters. All patients included in the study elucidated Z allele variants; 2 homozygous (11.1%) and 16 heterozygous (88.9%). The control group demonstrated normal wild-type MM allele. Conclusion: Screening for A1AT deficiency using serum levels is not sufficiently sensitive to detect deficiency, especially in carriers. If A1AT testing was not performed preoperatively and the risk is high based on the PASD/ A1AT-positive globules in the explants, then molecular testing of FFPE tissue can be a viable method for confirming the diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]