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Objective To investigate the serological characteristics and molecular mechanism of a case of Bel subtype. Methods Serological method was used to analyze the ABO blood group of the patient, absorption and elution test was used to detect the weak antigen on red blood cells, and molecular biology method was used to analyze the ABO gene sequence of the patient. Results The forward typing of the patient was O type, but the reverse typing was B type. The weak B antigen was confirmed by absorption and elution method. This mutation was not found in ISBT and related literature, and was discovered for the first time. The patient's blood type was Bel (29insertG)/O.01.01 based on the sequence of exon 3-7. Conclusion In the case of ABO blood group incompatibility, the combination of serological and molecular biological detection techniques can improve the accuracy and reliability of ABO blood group identification.

Currently, most studies on the optimization of wind farm layouts on flat terrain employ a discrete grid-based arrangement method and result in irregular layouts that may damage the visual appeal of wind farms. To meet the practical requirements of wind farms, a two-step optimization method called "grid–coordinate" based on a genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper. The core idea is to initially determine the number of wind turbines and their initial positions using a grid-based approach, followed by a fine-tuning of the wind farm layout by moving the turbines in a row/column manner. This two-step process not only achieves an aesthetically pleasing arrangement but also maximizes power generation. This algorithm is conducted to optimize a 2 km × 2 km wind farm under three classic wind conditions, one improved wind condition, and a real wind condition employing both the Jensen and Gaussian wake models. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the optimization of configurations based on different wake models was conducted, yielding results including the efficiency, total power output, number of wind turbines, and unit cost of electricity generation. These results were compared and analyzed against the classical literature. The findings indicate that the unit cost of electricity generation using the two-step optimization approach with the Gaussian wake model is higher than that of the initial grid optimization method. Additionally, varying the number of wind turbines can lead to instances of high power generation coupled with low efficiency. This phenomenon should be carefully considered in the wind farm layout optimization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 prevention and control policies on the frequency of emergency department (ED) visits in a large tertiary hospital in central China, from January 2018 to September 2023. Methods: We conducted a multi-stage interrupted time series analysis to investigate the impact of various epidemic control policies on weekly ED visits at a tertiary hospital in Hunan Province, China. The study period ranged from January 1, 2018, to September 30, 2023, and was divided into four distinct periods: pre-epidemic, pandemic, normalized control, and end of control. Using a quasi-Poisson regression model, we examined the specific effects of these policies on emergency visits, with a particular focus on stratifying patients based on respiratory versus non-respiratory diseases. Results: Compared to the pre-pandemic period, the number of ED visits in a tertiary hospital decreased by 38.5% (95% CI: 25.1% to 49.8%) during the COVID-19 pandemic, of which the number of ED visits for respiratory diseases increased by 79.4% (95% CI: 13.2% to 177.2%) and the number of ED visits for non-respiratory diseases decreased by 45.9% (95% CI: − 55.7% to − 34.2%). After the end of the epidemic control, the total number of ED visits increased by 31.5% (95% CI: 19.1% to 45.0%), with the number of ED visits for respiratory diseases rising by 379.2% (95% CI: 275.9% to 511.8%), but with no significant change in the number of ED visits for non-respiratory emergencies. Conclusion: Control policies were associated with people avoiding emergency care for non-respiratory related reasons during the pandemic, while the end of control policies was associated with a sharp rise in emergency care for respiratory diseases. This study provides a scientific basis for the different changes in ED visits under the implementation of varying epidemic prevention and control policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The metabolic score for visceral fat (METS-VF) quantifies the cumulative burden of visceral and intra-abdominal adipose tissues. However, the relationship between the METS-VF and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) has not been extensively explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the METS-VF and CAS. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 7089 Chinese adults who underwent physical examinations at the Zhenhai Lianhua Hospital, Zhejiang, China, in 2020. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to explore the linear relationship between METS-VF and CAS. Generalised additive models (GAM) were employed to evaluate potential nonlinear associations. The inflection points of METS-VF were determined using segmented logistic regression analysis optimised for maximum likelihood ratios and recursive algorithms. Results: Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between METS-VF and CAS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.824, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.753–1.899; P < 0.001). The GAM analysis confirmed a nonlinear association between them [effective degrees of freedom: 4.803, χ2: 876.7, P < 0.001], with an inflection point at a METS-VF of 8.09 (P < 0.001 for log-likelihood ratio test). Below this inflection point, METS-VF exhibited a significant positive association with CAS risk (OR: 1.874, 95% CI: 1.796–1.954; P < 0.001). Conversely, no significant association was observed when METS-VF ≥ 8.09 (OR: 0.998, 95% CI: 0.786–1.268; P = 0.989). Conclusions: METS-VF and CAS demonstrated a positive non-linear correlation, with the curve indicating a saturation effect at METS-VF = 8.09. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior methods for visible-light-driven C-H arylation of quinoxalin-2(1 H )-ones relied on external photocatalysts. Herein, we report a photocatalyst-free approach for this arylation. In this approach, β-dicarbonyl iodonium ylides, combined with t -BuOK in ethanol, act as aryl precursors, forming electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes. These complexes enhance light absorption, facilitating efficient single electron transfer and aryl radical formation. Consequently, various quinoxalin-2(1 H )-ones undergo precise and efficient arylation without external photocatalysts. This protocol exhibits excellent tolerance toward diverse functional groups, with mild reaction conditions and eco-friendly solvents, revealing a high Ecoscale value.

Background: Mushroom poisoning is one of the most prominent public health problems. However, there is no special antidote so far. In the present study, we verified that Ganoderma lucidum may be an effective approach for treatment of acute mushroom poisoning., Methods: A retrospective study was performed within the past 20 years, we compiled information on the treatment of α-Amatoxin mushroom poisoning with Ganoderma lucidum by evaluating the mortality rate and liver function before and after treatment. Moreover, we explore the potential underlying mechanism of Ganoderma lucidum in the treatment of α-amanita poisoning in both in vivo animal experiments and in vitro cell experiments., Results: In our study, a total of 556 cases of mushroom poisoning were integrated over the past 20 years, the primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Specificity, descriptive data of ALT, AST, BA and STB were evaluated for the effectiveness of protection to acute liver damage. From 1994 to 2002, there were 55 cases of mushroom poisoning in which 372 individuals were poisoned, 129 individuals died, with a mortality of 35%. Since 2002, after being treated with Ganoderma lucidum, surprisingly, the mortality decreased to 0%, and all the 184 patients were cured, the hepatic impairment improved significantly within 10 days. Based on a multivariate logistic regression analyses, after adjusting for age, gender and baseline clinical indicators, it was found that Ganoderma lucidum treatment was effective in reducing the morbidity (OR = 0.58), and Ganoderma lucidum treatment also showed an improvement in liver enzymes and in shortening the length of hospitalization significantly. Meanwhile, the main components of Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderic acid A could significantly improve the survival rate and liver function in α-Amatoxin poisoned mice and may effectively inhibit the JAK2-STAT3 pathway, which could contribute to the detoxification in poisoned patients., Conclusion: Ganoderma lucidum is very effective in treating mushroom poisoning by α-amanita and is worth promoting., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2024.)