1. Dual-inhibition of NAMPT and PAK4 induces anti-tumor effects in 3D-spheroids model of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
- Author
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Kudo K, Greer YE, Yoshida T, Harrington BS, Korrapati S, Shibuya Y, Henegar L, Kopp JB, Fujii T, Lipkowitz S, and Annunziata CM
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Cell Line, Tumor, NAD metabolism, Acrylamides pharmacology, Acrylamides therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Aminopyridines, Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase antagonists & inhibitors, Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase metabolism, Ovarian Neoplasms drug therapy, Ovarian Neoplasms metabolism, Ovarian Neoplasms pathology, p21-Activated Kinases metabolism, p21-Activated Kinases antagonists & inhibitors, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm drug effects, Cytokines metabolism, Spheroids, Cellular drug effects
- Abstract
Ovarian cancer follows a characteristic progression pattern, forming multiple tumor masses enriched with cancer stem cells (CSCs) within the abdomen. Most patients develop resistance to standard platinum-based drugs, necessitating better treatment approaches. Targeting CSCs by inhibiting NAD+ synthesis has been previously explored. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), which is the rate limiting enzyme in the salvage pathway for NAD+ synthesis is an attractive drug target in this pathway. KPT-9274 is an innovative drug targeting both NAMPT and p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4). However, its effectiveness against ovarian cancer has not been validated. Here, we show the efficacy and mechanisms of KPT-9274 in treating 3D-cultured spheroids that are resistant to platinum-based drugs. In these spheroids, KPT-9274 not only inhibited NAD+ production in NAMPT-dependent cell lines, but also suppressed NADPH and ATP production, indicating reduced mitochondrial function. It also downregulated of inflammation and DNA repair-related genes. Moreover, the compound reduced PAK4 activity by altering its mostly cytoplasmic localization, leading to NAD+-dependent decreases in phosphorylation of S6 Ribosomal protein, AKT, and β-Catenin in the cytoplasm. These findings suggest that KPT-9274 could be a promising treatment for ovarian cancer patients who are resistant to platinum drugs, emphasizing the need for precision medicine to identify the specific NAD+ producing pathway that a tumor relies upon before treatment., (© 2024. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)
- Published
- 2024
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