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Objective To construct a model of heart failure risk prediction based on four machine learning algorithms in order to support early diagnosis and intervention. Methods After reviewing the heart failure dataset published on the Kaggle community, feature selection was used to select relevant factors related to heart failure as predictive indicators. Four machine learning algorithms, namely logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, and XGBoost were selected to establish predictive models. Compared and analyzed its accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score and area under the ROC curve (AUC) to verify the performance of the model. Results The study analyzed 11 features of 918 patients with heart failure and selected 10 feature factors for modeling. After optimizing the hyper-parameters through grid search, the XGBoost model performed the best, with accuracy, precision, recall, and f1_score and AUC values were 87.5%, 90.38%, 89.71%, 90.04% and 0.93, respectively. In addition, data analysis showed that exercise ST slope, chest pain type, and exercise induced angina were main influencing factors for heart failure. Conclusions The XG Boost model has the best predictive tool for heart failure, and machine learning algorithms may support early prevention, early diagnosis as well as control of heart failure.

The title of Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) represents the highest accolade in China's scientific research field. Profiling the characteristics of CAS academicians can provide crucial insights into the current state of scientific research in China and play a vital role in fostering innovation and cultivating talents for the society. This study conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the birthplaces, ages, genders, educational backgrounds, institutional affiliations, and administrative roles of newly elected CAS academicians from 2005 to 2023. Several key findings are identified, including: (1) the majority of newly elected CAS academicians originate from eastern and central regions of China, with about one-quarter from provincial capitals. (2) the average age of newly elected CAS academicians is younger compared to Nobel Prize laureates in natural sciences. (3) the percentage of newly elected CAS academicians who possess doctorate degrees has been increasing year by year. (4) the work units of newly elected CAS academicians are primarily the Chinese Academy of Sciences and its affiliated research institutes, as well as universities directly under the Ministry of Education. The average number of administrative positions held by these academicians is around four, and the number of positions held after their election tends to be higher than before. (5) Newly elected foreign academicians primarily originate from western developed countries, such as the United States and some other European countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures (FBTCS) represent a challenging subtype of focal temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in terms of both severity and treatment response. Most studies have focused on regional brain analysis that is agnostic to the distribution of white matter (WM) pathways associated with a node. We implemented a more selective, edge‐wise approach that allowed for identification of the individual connections unique to FBTCS. Methods: T1‐weighted and diffusion‐weighted images were obtained from 22 patients with solely focal seizures (FS), 43 FBTCS patients, and 65 age/sex‐matched healthy participants (HPs), yielding streamline (STR) connectome matrices. We used diffusion tensor‐derived STRs in an edge‐wise approach to determine specific structural connectivity changes associated with seizure generalization in FBTCS compared to matched FS and HPs. Graph theory metrics were computed on both node‐ and edge‐based connectivity matrices. Results: Edge‐wise analyses demonstrated that all significantly abnormal cross‐hemispheric connections belonged to the FBTCS group. Abnormal connections associated with FBTCS were mostly housed in the contralateral hemisphere, with graph metric values generally decreased compared to HPs. In FBTCS, the contralateral amygdala showed selective decreases in the structural connection pathways to the contralateral frontal lobe. Abnormal connections in TLE involved the amygdala, with the ipsilateral side showing increases and the contralateral decreases. All the FS findings indicated higher graph metrics for connections involving the ipsilateral amygdala. Data also showed that some FBTCS connectivity effects are moderated by aging, recent seizure frequency, and longer illness duration. Significance: Data showed that not all STR pathways are equally affected by the seizure propagation of FBTCS. We demonstrated two key biases, one indicating a large role for the amygdala in the propagation of seizures, the other pointing to the prominent role of cross‐hemispheric and contralateral hemisphere connections in FBTCS. We demonstrated topographic reorganization in FBTCS, pointing to the specific WM tracts involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human cerebral cortex is organized into functionally segregated but synchronized regions bridged by the structural connectivity of white matter pathways. While structure-function coupling has been implicated in cognitive development and neuropsychiatric disorders, it remains unclear to what extent the structure-function coupling reflects a group-common characteristic or varies across individuals, at both the global and regional brain levels. By leveraging two independent, high-quality datasets, we found that the graph neural network accurately predicted unseen individuals' functional connectivity from structural connectivity, reflecting a strong structure-function coupling. This coupling was primarily driven by network topology and was substantially stronger than that of the correlation approaches. Moreover, we observed that structure-function coupling was dominated by group-common effects, with subtle yet significant individual-specific effects. The regional group and individual effects of coupling were hierarchically organized across the cortex along a sensorimotor-association axis, with lower group and higher individual effects in association cortices. These findings emphasize the importance of considering both group and individual effects in understanding cortical structure-function coupling, suggesting insights into interpreting individual differences of the coupling and informing connectivity-guided therapeutics., Competing Interests: DECLARATION OF COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests.

Groundwater pollution from valley type landfills is concerning, and natural attenuation by contaminants is increasingly relied upon. However, the reliability of natural attenuation in such complex sites has been called into question due to incomplete understanding of their attenuation mechanisms. Therefore, we conducted field investigations, monitoring analyses, mathematical statistics, and machine learning techniques to elucidate the natural attenuation mechanisms of pollutants within bedrock fissures at a prototypical valley type landfill located in the east Yanshan Mountains, China. Our results indicate that 50% of the monitored indicators showed extreme pollution in bedrock fissure aquifers, due to seepage from the valley type landfill site. Ammonia nitrogen, arsenic, cadmium, lead, iron, manganese, and mercury were among the contaminants that could pose serious risks to human health. Pollutant concentrations in bedrock fissure aquifers were lower during the rainy season compared to the dry season as the aquifer was rapidly recharged by strong rainfall runoff. The initial concentration of bedrock fissure water generally increased during the flow through the landfill. However, significant natural attenuation of total dissolved solids, oxygen consumption, ammonia, cadmium, and lead occurred after passing through the landfill (p<0.05), with attenuation coefficients of 0.0041 m -1 , 2.56×E -5 m -2 , 4.18×E -5 m -2 、0.0015 m -0.99 , and 6.83×E -33 m -12.49 , respectively. The driving mechanisms for natural attenuation include physical migration, leaching, microbiological degradation, and adsorption, primarily occurring within 600-650 m downstream of the landfill boundary. This study makes fundamental contribution to the understanding of the migration and natural attenuation process of leachate pollutants in bedrock fissure aquifer, which will provide a scientific basis for implementation of natural attenuation strategies in complex site remediation. Future research should examine more precise evidence of natural attenuation feasibility in complex sites in conjunction with monitoring networks., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest ☒ The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. ☐ The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests:, (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Abstract: AAV-PHP.eB is an artificial adeno-associated virus (AAV) that crosses the blood-brain barrier and targets neurons more efficiently than other AAVs when administered systematically. While AAV-PHP.eB has been used in various disease models, its cellular tropism in cerebrovascular diseases remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the tropism of AAV-PHP.eB for different cell types in the brain in a mouse model of ischemic stroke and evaluate its effectiveness in mediating basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gene therapy. Mice were injected intravenously with AAV-PHP.eB either 14 days prior to (pre-stroke) or 1 day following (post-stroke) transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Notably, we observed a shift in tropism from neurons to endothelial cells with post-stroke administration of AAV-PHP.eB-mNeonGreen (mNG). This endothelial cell tropism correlated strongly with expression of the endothelial membrane receptor lymphocyte antigen 6 family member A (Ly6A). Furthermore, AAV-PHP.eB-mediated overexpression of bFGF markedly improved neurobehavioral outcomes and promoted long-term neurogenesis and angiogenesis post-ischemic stroke. Our findings underscore the significance of considering potential tropism shifts when utilizing AAV-PHP.eB-mediated gene therapy in neurological diseases and suggest a promising new strategy for bFGF gene therapy in stroke treatment., (Copyright © 2025 Copyright: © 2025 Neural Regeneration Research.)