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Abstract The Higgs boson pair production at the LHC provides a probe to the Higgs boson self-coupling. The higher-order QCD corrections in this process are sizable and must be taken into account in comparison with data. Due to the small cross section, it is necessary to consider at least one of the Higgs bosons decaying to bottom quarks. The QCD corrections to the decay processes would also be important in such cases. We present a full calculation of the total and differential cross sections for the b b ¯ γγ $$ b\overline{b}\gamma \gamma $$ final state with next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections. After applying typical kinematic cuts in the final state, we find that QCD NLO corrections in the decay decrease the LO result by 19% and reduce the scale uncertainties by a factor of two. The QCD corrections to the invariant mass m jjγγ distribution, the transverse momentum spectra of the leading bottom quark jet and photon are significant and can not be approximated by a constant factor.

In this study, AlGaN/GaN Fin-HEMTs with different nanochannel geometric parameters were fabricated and comprehensively characterized. In the arcuate Fin-HEMTs, where the sidewalls arcuate from the source to the drain side, enhancements in the drain current density and transconductance were observed. By extracting and analyzing parameters obtained from small-signal measurements and conducting an analysis of gate capacitance, it was demonstrated that the enhancement can be attributed to the modulation of gate capacitance. This enhances the control capability of the gate over channel carriers, resulting in increased transconductance of the device. Due to the enhanced transconductance, the fT and fmax of the arcuate Fin-HEMTs are both enhanced. Notably, the arcuate Fin-HEMTs achieved a power-added efficiency of 71.4% at a frequency of 3.6 GHz and a drain voltage of 20 V. Meanwhile, the linearity of the arcuate Fin-HEMTs is improved compared with the conventional Fin-HEMTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zn‐based catalysts hold great potential to replace the noble metal‐based ones for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). Undercoordinated Zn (Znδ+) sites may serve as the active sites for enhanced CO production by optimizing the binding energy of *COOH intermediates. However, there is relatively less exploration into the dynamic evolution and stability of Znδ+ sites during CO2 reduction process. Herein, we present ZnO, Znδ+/ZnO and Zn as catalysts by varying the applied reduction potential. Theoretical studies reveal that Znδ+ sites could suppress HER and HCOOH production to induce CO generation. And Znδ+/ZnO presents the highest CO selectivity (FECO 70.9 % at −1.48 V vs. RHE) compared to Zn and ZnO. Furthermore, we propose a CeO2 nanotube with confinement effect and Ce3+/Ce4+ redox to stabilize Znδ+ species. The hollow core–shell structure of the Znδ+/ZnO/CeO2 catalyst enables to extremely expose electrochemically active area while maintaining the Znδ+ sites with long‐time stability. Certainly, the target catalyst affords a FECO of 76.9 % at −1.08 V vs. RHE and no significant decay of CO selectivity in excess of 18 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Monitoring of AUC24 was updated recommendation in the guideline for the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of vancomycin in Chinese pharmacological society published in 2020. Vancomycin pharmacokinetic profiles are diverse and unique in critically ill patients because of the drastic variability of the patients' physiological parameters, while the study for population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models in Chinese critically ill patients has been rarely reported. The objectives of this study were to construct a PPK model to describe the pharmacokinetic characteristics of vancomycin in critically ill patients and to individualize vancomycin dosing by model-informed Bayesian estimation for maintenance of AUC24 target at 400–650 mg h/L recommended by the 2020 guideline. Methods: Vancomycin with different dosing was administered intravenously over 1 h for critically ill patients, TDM was started at 48 h or 72 h since initiation of vancomycin therapy for patients. Blood samples were collected from patients for trough concentrations or Cmax. Vancomycin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection. PPK model was performed using the nonlinear mixed-effect model (NONMEM®). Individual PK parameters for critically ill patients treated with vancomycin were estimated using a post hoc empirical Bayesian method based on the final PPK model. AUC24 was calculated as the total daily dose divided by the clearance (L/h). Results: The PPK of vancomycin was determined by a one-compartment model with creatinine clearance as fixed effects. The PK estimates in the final model generally agreed with the median estimates and were contained within the 95% CI generated from the bootstrap results, indicating good precision and stability in the final model. The visual predictive check plots showed the adequate predictive performance of the final PK model and supported a good model fit. The model-informed Bayesian estimation was used to predict the AUC24 of critically ill patient by the acquired TDM results, and the dosing adjustment by maintenance of AUC24 at 400–650 mg h/L had made a great therapeutic effect for the case. Conclusion: This study established a PPK model of vancomycin in Chinese critically ill patients, and individualized dosing of vancomycin by model-informed Bayesian estimation to maintain an AUC24 target at 400–650 mg h/L has been successfully applied in clinic. This result supports the continued use of model-informed Bayesian estimation to vancomycin treatment in critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death that involves in cancer progression. However, the role of ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this paper was to clarify the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in PTC., Methods: The transcriptome data and clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The correlation between ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) and lncRNA was determined using Pearson correlation analysis. Multivariate Cox regression model (P < 0.01) was performed to establish a ferroptosis-related lncRNAs risk model. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, risk curve and nomograms were then performed to assess the accuracy and clinical applicability of prognostic models. The correlations between the prognosis model and clinicopathological variables, immune and m6A were analyzed. Finally, in vitro assays were performed to verify the role of LINC00900, LINC01614 and PARAL1 on the proliferation, migration and invasion in TPC-1 and BCPAP cells, as well as the relationship between three lncRNAs and ferroptosis., Results: A five-ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (PARAL1, LINC00900, DPH6-DT, LINC01614, LPP-AS2) risk model was constructed. Based on the risk score, samples were divided into the high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the low-risk group had better prognosis than those in high-risk group. Compared to traditional clinicopathological features, risk score was more accurate in predicting prognosis in patients with PTC. Additionally, the difference of immune cell, function and checkpoints was observed between two groups. Moreover, experiments showed that LINC00900 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion in TPC-1 and BCPAP cells, while LINC01614 and PARAL1 revealed opposite effects, all of which were related to ferroptosis., Conclusions: In summary, we identified a five-ferroptosis-related lncRNAs risk model to predict the prognosis of PTC. Furthermore, our study also revealed that LINC00900 functioned as a tumor suppressor lncRNA, LINC01614 and PARAL1 as an oncogenic lncRNA in PTC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright 2024, Zhao et al.)

Under voltammetric conditions, the neutral decamethylferrocene ([Me 10 Fc]) to cationic ([Me 10 Fc] + ) Fe II/III process is a well-known reversible outer-sphere reaction. A companion cationic [Me 10 Fc] + to dicationic [Me 10 Fc] 2+ Fe III/IV process has been reported under direct current (DC) cyclic voltammetric conditions at highly positive potentials in liquid SO 2 at low temperatures and in a 1.5:1.0 AlCl 3 /1-butylpyridinium chloride melt. This study demonstrates that in room-temperature ionic liquids containing the hard to oxidize and hydrophobic tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate anion, the [Me 10 Fc] +/2+ process can be detected as a quasi-reversible reaction at glassy carbon (GC) and boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. Large amplitude Fourier-transformed alternating current (FT-AC) voltammetry minimizes background current contributions occurring at potentials similar to those of the Fe III/IV process in the second and higher-order harmonics. This enables a straightforward determination of the thermodynamics and kinetics for both the Fe II/III and Fe III/IV processes. Unlike the ideal outer-sphere Fe II/III process, the parameters of the Fe III/IV process may be impacted by ion-interaction effects. For the faster Fe II/III process, heterogeneous rate constants are approximately 10 times smaller at BDD than those at GC electrodes. This electrode dependence is less pronounced for the slower Fe III/IV process. The slower BDD kinetics may be attributed in part to a density of states lower than that at GC.

Background: Abdominal aortitis can induce aneurysms, and tumor rupture can lead to organ ischemia or even sudden death. At present, there is a lack of extensive understanding and identification of key problems in the treatment of abdominal aortitis, which needs to be further analyzed using bibliometric analysis., Aim: To discuss the research hotspot and development trend of abdominal aortitis treatment., Methods: We searched the English literature (published from January 1, 2000 to March 12, 2024) on the treatment of abdominal aortitis in the Web of Science database. Then, we identified and screened duplicate literature using CiteSpace 6.1R2 software. We conducted an analysis of the number of papers, a co-occurrence analysis of the authors and institutions, and co-occurrence and cluster analyses of the keywords. Then, we drew the author, institution, and keywords of the studies into graphs for visualization. Finally, we expounded on the author, institutional network interactions, and hot keywords of the studies on the treatment of abdominal aortitis., Results: We included 210 English literature articles involving 190 authors; the author cooperation team was mainly represented by Caradu Caroline, Berard Xavier, Lu Guanyi, Harada Kenichi, and Sharma Ashish K. In the keyword analysis, high-frequency keywords include abdominal aortic aneurysm (38), abdominal aorta (24), Takayasu arteritis (22), etc . The three most central keywords were disease (0.69), classification (0.68), and abdominal aortic aneurysm (0.55). The first nine clusters of keywords are case report, abdominal aortic aneurysm, Takayasu arteritis, dyspnea hematuria, aortic elastic, IgG4-related disease, report, mid aortic dysplastic syndrome, and statin. In the keyword emergent analysis, 14 emergent words were obtained. Among them, seven keywords with strong abruptness were Takayasu arteritis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, disease, retroperitoneal fibrosis, expression, management, and large vessel vasculitis. In the past 3 years, the incidences of abdominal aortic aneurysm (intensity: 4.62) and inflammation (intensity: 1.99) were higher., Conclusion: The number of published papers is on the increase, but the cooperation among authors is scattered. The research focus is mainly on the pathogenesis and treatment of abdominal aortitis-related diseases., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no financial relationships or conflicts of interest to disclose., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Zn-based catalysts hold great potential to replace the noble metal-based ones for CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR). Undercoordinated Zn (Zn δ+ ) sites may serve as the active sites for enhanced CO production by optimizing the binding energy of *COOH intermediates. However, there is relatively less exploration into the dynamic evolution and stability of Zn δ+ sites during CO 2 reduction process. Herein, we present ZnO, Zn δ+ /ZnO and Zn as catalysts by varying the applied reduction potential. Theoretical studies reveal that Zn δ+ sites could suppress HER and HCOOH production to induce CO generation. And Zn δ+ /ZnO presents the highest CO selectivity (FE CO 70.9 % at -1.48 V vs. RHE) compared to Zn and ZnO. Furthermore, we propose a CeO 2 nanotube with confinement effect and Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ redox to stabilize Zn δ+ species. The hollow core-shell structure of the Zn δ+ /ZnO/CeO 2 catalyst enables to extremely expose electrochemically active area while maintaining the Zn δ+ sites with long-time stability. Certainly, the target catalyst affords a FE CO of 76.9 % at -1.08 V vs. RHE and no significant decay of CO selectivity in excess of 18 h., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Vanadium is accommodated in both the framework (V out V ) and central positions (V in V ) in the Keggin-type polyoxometalates (POMs) [V in V V out V M 11 O 40 ] 4- (M = Mo, W; V in V V out V M 11 ) and in the central position in [V in V M 12 O 40 ] 3- (V in V M 12 ). The structures of the V in V V out V M 11 class have been determined by X-ray crystallography and compared to those of V in V M 12 reported previously. A major feature of interest with POMs is their capacity for very extensive reduction, particularly when protonation accompanies the electron transfer step. With V in V V out V M 11 and V in V M 12 POMs, knowledge as to whether reduction occurs at V or M sites and the concomitant dependence on acidity has been obtained. Frozen solution EPR spectra obtained following bulk electrolysis showed that the one-electron reduction of V in V Mo 12 occurs at the molybdenum framework site to give V in V Mo V Mo 11 . In contrast, EPR spectra of one-electron reduced V in V W 12 at <30 K are consistent with the electron being accommodated on the central V atom in a tetrahedral environment to give V in IV W 12 . In the case of V in V V out V M 11 , the initial reduction occurs at the framework V out V site to give V in V V out IV M 11 . The second electron is delocalized over the Mo framework in two-electron reduced V in V V out IV Mo V Mo 10 , whereas it is accommodated on the central V site in V in IV V out IV W 11 . The distance between V in IV and V out IV in V in IV V out IV W 11 estimated as 3.5 ± 0.2 Å from analysis of the EPR spectrum is consistent with that obtained in V in V V out V W 11 from crystallographic data. Simulations of the cyclic voltammograms as a function of CF 3 SO 3 H acid concentration for the initial reduction processes provide excellent agreement with experimental data obtained in acetonitrile (0.10 M [ n -Bu 4 N][PF 6 ]) and allowed acid association constants to be estimated and compared with the literature values available for [XV out V M 11 O 40 ] n - (X = S ( n = 3), P and As ( n = 4); M = Mo, W). The interpretation of the voltammetric data is supported by 51 V NMR measurements on the oxidized V V forms of the POMs.

Introduction: Monitoring of AUC24 was updated recommendation in the guideline for the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of vancomycin in Chinese pharmacological society published in 2020. Vancomycin pharmacokinetic profiles are diverse and unique in critically ill patients because of the drastic variability of the patients' physiological parameters, while the study for population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models in Chinese critically ill patients has been rarely reported. The objectives of this study were to construct a PPK model to describe the pharmacokinetic characteristics of vancomycin in critically ill patients and to individualize vancomycin dosing by model-informed Bayesian estimation for maintenance of AUC24 target at 400-650 mg h/L recommended by the 2020 guideline., Methods: Vancomycin with different dosing was administered intravenously over 1 h for critically ill patients, TDM was started at 48 h or 72 h since initiation of vancomycin therapy for patients. Blood samples were collected from patients for trough concentrations or Cmax. Vancomycin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection. PPK model was performed using the nonlinear mixed-effect model (NONMEM®). Individual PK parameters for critically ill patients treated with vancomycin were estimated using a post hoc empirical Bayesian method based on the final PPK model. AUC24 was calculated as the total daily dose divided by the clearance (L/h)., Results: The PPK of vancomycin was determined by a one-compartment model with creatinine clearance as fixed effects. The PK estimates in the final model generally agreed with the median estimates and were contained within the 95% CI generated from the bootstrap results, indicating good precision and stability in the final model. The visual predictive check plots showed the adequate predictive performance of the final PK model and supported a good model fit. The model-informed Bayesian estimation was used to predict the AUC24 of critically ill patient by the acquired TDM results, and the dosing adjustment by maintenance of AUC24 at 400-650 mg h/L had made a great therapeutic effect for the case., Conclusion: This study established a PPK model of vancomycin in Chinese critically ill patients, and individualized dosing of vancomycin by model-informed Bayesian estimation to maintain an AUC24 target at 400-650 mg h/L has been successfully applied in clinic. This result supports the continued use of model-informed Bayesian estimation to vancomycin treatment in critically ill patients., (© 2023 S. Karger AG, Basel.)