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Background/Objective: Diet is a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There are few studies on women's diet and glucose tolerance test (GTT) results during pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between one's previous diet and the number of abnormal values on the diagnostic GTT in women with GDM. We hypothesized that there would be an inverse relation between antioxidant micronutrient consumption and the number of abnormal GTT values. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 60 women diagnosed with GDM (2-h, 75 g-GTT), divided in two groups as follows: 1 abnormal glucose value and 2–3 abnormal values. Shortly after the diagnosis, participants answered a validated food frequency questionnaire to assess their food consumption in the last 6 months. The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the dietary intake of the participants in the two groups. Results: The participant characteristics were similar. The median intake of total calories, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins did not differ significantly between groups. Participants with 1 abnormal GTT value had significantly higher intakes of fiber (11.9 vs. 11.0 g/day p = 0.049), vitamin D (40.6 vs. 40.4 mcg/day p = 0.049), and vitamin C (180.0 vs. 151.0 mg/day p = 0.008) than those with 2–3 abnormal values. Conclusions: Our results suggest a possible association between the consumption of fiber and antioxidant micronutrients and the number of abnormal GTT values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This research aimed to evaluate the association between the monthly consumption of fish (differentiated by type) and both gestational and neonatal outcomes. Methods: Women who were admitted for delivery in the last 6 months of 2023 were prospectively included and divided according to type of fish consumed (based on DHA and mercury content) and frequency of consumption. Neonatal outcomes included weight, length, head circumference, and 1st and 5th minute Apgar scores. Maternal outcomes were threats of abortion, preterm birth, gestational diabetes and hypertension, cesarean section, and differential body mass index (BMI). Results: Small-size oily fish with high DHA and low mercury content (type B fish) consumption was positively associated with neonatal weight and head circumference, and less weight gain in pregnancy. It was also significantly associated with lower incidences of gestational diabetes and hypertension, and cesarean section. Correlation between differential BMI and monthly consumption of fish resulted in statistical significance, especially in type B fish consumers. Conclusions: The consumption of type B fish was significantly associated with increased neonatal weight and head circumference and better maternal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]