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Objective: The association between smoking and radiographic damage has been established in axial spondyloarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, but not in psoriatic disease. We aimed to investigate this relationship in psoriatic arthritis (PsA)., Methods: We included patients with PsA from our observational cohort. Smoking status was assessed at each clinic visit and categorized as non-smoker, past smoker, or current smoker. We used linear mixed models to identify factors associated with the overall change in damage, as measured by the modified Steinbrocker score., Results: Of 1736 patients included in the study, 952 (54.9 %) were males; the mean (standard deviation) age at baseline was 44.9 (13.3) years. 906 (52.2 %) patients were non-smokers, 211 (12.2 %) were past smokers, and 311 (17.9 %) were current smokers; 308 (17.7 %) patients had missing smoking data. The median [interquartile range] modified Steinbrocker score at baseline was 2.0 [0.0, 10.0]. In the multivariable linear mixed model, a longer duration between the first and last sets of radiographs, a higher baseline modified Steinbrocker score, and the use of conventional synthetic DMARDs were significantly associated with an increase in joint damage. Cigarette smoking-both current (estimate -0.18, 95 % confidence interval [CI] -0.94 to 0.58) and past (estimate -0.67, 95 % CI -1.51 to 0.17)-showed no significant association with the change in modified Steinbrcoker score., Conclusion: Cigarette smoking does not appear to be significantly associated with the progression of joint damage in PsA. Further studies are required to confirm our findings., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dafna Gladman has received consulting fees and/or research grants from Abbive, Amgen, BMS, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB. Vinod Chandran grant support and/or consulting fees from AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Johnson and Johnson, Novartis, and UCB. The rest of the authors declare that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objective: To assess the longer-term impact of bimekizumab to 1 year on patient-reported symptoms, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and work productivity in patients with active PsA who were biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (bDMARD)-naïve or had inadequate response/intolerance to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi-IR) up to 1 year., Methods: BE OPTIMAL (NCT03895203; bDMARD-naïve) and BE COMPLETE (NCT03896581; TNFi-IR) are phase 3 studies of subcutaneous bimekizumab 160 mg every 4 weeks; both were double-blind and placebo-controlled to 16 weeks. Patients who completed Week 52 of BE OPTIMAL or Week 16 of BE COMPLETE were eligible for the open-label extension, BE VITAL (NCT04009499), during which all patients received bimekizumab. Patient-reported pain, fatigue, physical function, HRQoL, and work productivity are reported to Week 52/40 using individual study data for bimekizumab and placebo treatment arms., Results: Bimekizumab-randomized patients demonstrated sustained mean improvements from baseline in patient-reported outcomes to Week 52/40, including pain (Pain VAS [0-100]: bDMARD-naïve -30.5; TNFi-IR -31.8), fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue [0-52]: bDMARD-naïve 5.3; TNFi-IR 6.0), physical function (HAQ-DI [0-3]: bDMARD-naïve -0.34; TNFi-IR -0.39), and HRQoL (SF-36 PCS: bDMARD-naïve 8.1; TNFi-IR 8.4); placebo patients who switched to bimekizumab at Week 16 demonstrated comparable levels of improvement from Week 16 to 52/40. Improvements in overall work impairment were sustained among bimekizumab-randomized patients to Week 52. Similar trends were observed for absenteeism, presenteeism, and activity impairment., Conclusion: Bimekizumab treatment resulted in sustained improvements in patient-reported symptoms, HRQoL, and work productivity up to 1 year in bDMARD-naïve and TNFi-IR patients with active PsA.

Objectives: Psoriasis typically precedes psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We explored whether the interval between the two diagnoses is associated with PsA phenotype and outcomes., Methods: We constructed an inception (PsA duration ≤2 years) cohort of patients who developed PsA after psoriasis from a prospective observational cohort. All patients were diagnosed with PsA prior to or at their presentation to the clinic (baseline). We divided the cohort into early and late transition groups based on the median transition period between the diagnoses of psoriasis and PsA of nine years. Features associated with early and late transition at baseline were studied using logistic regression. The impact of early versus late transition on disease activity was assessed using multivariate linear regression, with the 5-year adjusted mean swollen joint count (SJC) as the outcome. The influence on damage was evaluated using Cox regression, with time to radiographic progression as the outcome., Results: We included 702 patients. Late transition patients were observed to have a younger age at diagnosis of psoriasis and older age at diagnosis of PsA. At baseline, they had higher BMI and PASI and less frequent use of conventional synthetic DMARDs. There was a trend for lower disease activity over time in the late transition group. Radiographic progression was not significantly different., Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the PsA features at baseline between the two groups. However, on follow-up, there was a trend for lower cumulative disease activity but not in the rate of radiographic progression in the late transition group., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Objective: To provide a set of living treatment recommendations that will give contemporary guidance on the management of patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) in Canada., Methods: The Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC), in conjunction with the Canadian Rheumatology Association, organized a treatment recommendations panel composed of rheumatologists, researchers, allied health professionals, and a patient advocate. A Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE)-ADOLOPMENT approach was used, in which existing guidelines were adopted or adapted to a Canadian context. Recommendations were also placed in a health equity framework., Results: Fifty-six recommendations were made for patients with active axSpA, stable axSpA, active or stable axSpA, for comorbidities, and for assessment, screening, and imaging. Recommendations were also made for principles of management, disease monitoring, and ethical considerations., Conclusion: These living treatment recommendations will provide up-to-date guidance for the management of axSpA for Canadian practice. As part of the living model, they will be updated regularly as changes occur in the treatment landscape., (Copyright © 2024 by the Journal of Rheumatology.)

Lupus nephritis (LN) or renal involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a common manifestation occurring in at least 50 % of SLE patients. LN remains a significant source of morbidity, often leading to progressive renal dysfunction and is a major cause of death in SLE. Despite these challenges, advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis and genetic underpinnings of LN have led to a commendable expansion in available treatments over the past decade. This chapter provides a foundation for the understanding LN pathogenesis, diagnosis, and epidemiology, and guides the reader through recent advances in biomarkers, genetic susceptibility of this intricate condition., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease with various joint and skin manifestations and multiple associated comorbidities. The management of PsA is important not only in controlling disease activity and preventing subsequent damage but also in improving the quality of life and reducing mortality. Over the years, numerous drugs have been introduced into the therapeutic armamentarium of the disease. While non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have contributed to management, it was not until the advent of biologics (and later on targeted synthetic DMARDs) that therapy was revolutionized, with the achievement of significantly better clinical and radiographic outcomes. Several drugs and treatment approaches are currently being tested in clinical trials at different phases. Despite all the success, there are still various challenges and unmet needs in the field of PsA, reflected by difficult-to-treat disease course, secondary failure of therapy, and lack of consensus on accepted treatment withdrawal protocols, among others. In this review, we have discussed the most recent advances in the therapy of psoriatic disease, with a particular focus on phase III studies completed (or ongoing) since 2020. We also mentioned the challenges and unmet needs in our clinical practice, which we expect current and future research to provide answers to., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)