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The purpose of this study was to examine whether subgroups of disability-sport athletes exist on morality- and norm-based doping cognitions and whether these groups differ in anticipated guilt or doping intentions. A survey was completed by 186 athletes (Mage = 37.5 years, 78.0% male, 45.1% wheelchair basketball) assessing norms, doping moral disengagement, anticipated guilt, and intentions to dope. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct subgroups of athletes, including one potentially high-risk subgroup characterized by relatively high scores on doping moral disengagement, subjective norms, and descriptive norms. One-way analysis of variance revealed significantly lower anticipated guilt in two athlete subgroups characterized by relatively higher doping moral disengagement than the other two subgroups. Moreover, the potentially high-risk group had a greater proportion of athletes showing some presence of intention to dope. This study suggests there is a small subgroup of disability-sport athletes at elevated risk of doping who might benefit from targeted antidoping interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying a grounded theory approach, we investigate how professionals cope with making errors that unintentionally harm others. We purposively sampled medical clinicians to study this phenomenon, as these professionals understand themselves as "enablers of patient health." When unintentionally harming others, clinicians experienced initial feelings of guilt. Triggered by the error experience, these professionals engaged in a cognitive sensemaking process, aiming to determine the root causes of the error and evaluate their level of responsibility. In this process, clinicians considered aspects of themselves and their social environment (i.e., supervisors, organization, colleagues, and clients) as either sensemaking assets or liabilities. The self and others became sensemaking assets when helping to alleviate initial feelings of guilt, and sensemaking liabilities when aggravating them. Depending on the outcome of their sensemaking process, clinicians engaged in control-focused or escape-focused identity work. This identity work, in turn, influenced the thriving or deterioration of their future professional identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting interpersonal helping among coworkers is an important aim for any organisation that cares about employee well-being. Drawing on guilt aversion hypothesis, this research focuses on the power of social expectations in promoting prosocial behaviour among employees and investigates the role of anticipated guilt for failing to meet coworkers' expectations. In two preregistered studies, the effect of beneficiary expectation on benefactors' anticipated guilt and intention to help was investigated. In Study 1, Japanese participants (n = 284) recalled a situation when they helped a coworker spontaneously, and evaluated perceived beneficiary expectation to receive help, as well as anticipated guilt for not helping. Beneficiary expectation positively predicted anticipated guilt, and the effect was stronger when the beneficiary was a same-status colleague, and when interpersonal helping frequency in the organisation was low. Study 2 (n = 499) employed vignettes and manipulated beneficiary expectation. A mediational model revealed that beneficiary expectation leads to more anticipated guilt for not helping, which, in turn, increases employees' intention to help. Together, these studies show that employees are sensitive to their coworkers' expectations, and guilt-averse; therefore, interpersonal helping among employees may be promoted by establishing legitimate expectations of prosociality in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although cognitive-behavioural theory suggests a link between guilt and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the evidence is mixed. Given that how we relate to our emotions can determine behavioural responses, it is possible that high fear of guilt and a nonacceptance of emotions might increase the effects of guilt on OCD, and therefore explain mixed findings in previous research. Method: We investigated whether fear of guilt and nonacceptance of emotions moderated the association between trait guilt and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a non-clinical online MTurk sample (n = 231) recruited from cloudresearch.com. Participants completed measures of OCD, trait guilt, fear of guilt, nonacceptance of emotions, depression, and anxiety. Results: We found that fear of guilt and nonacceptance of emotions, but not trait guilt, significantly predicted obsessive-compulsive symptoms even after controlling for depression and anxiety. Nonacceptance of emotions moderated the relationship between trait guilt and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, however fear of guilt did not. Simple slopes analyses showed a significant positive association between trait guilt and obsessive-compulsive symptoms for individuals with high nonacceptance of emotions. Conclusion: Results support findings that nonacceptance of emotions, and to a lesser extent fear of guilt, play important roles in subclinical OCD. Furthermore, they suggest that a stronger acceptance of emotions may be linked to more adaptive experiences of guilt and reductions in obsessive-compulsive behaviour. KEY POINTS: What is already known about this topic: Cognitive models of OCD suggest that OCD is due to the misappraisal of intrusions that can result in an inflated sense of responsibility and guilt, which in turn drives the need to perform compulsions. However, research examining the association between guilt and OCD have shown mixed findings. The severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms is positively associated with the nonacceptance of emotions and the fear of guilt which may moderate the association between guilt and OCD. What this topic adds: Our study provides further evidence of the role of nonacceptance of emotions in OCD. We found a positive association between guilt and OCD but only for people with high nonacceptance of emotions. The fear of guilt was also positively associated with OCD but did not interact with trait guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the influence of language – first language (L1) versus second language (L2) – on the experience and the expression of the emotion of guilt. Fifty-two Greek – Spanish bilinguals read two moral scenarios that induced guilt in their L2 (Spanish) and rated the intensity with which they felt a series of emotions (moral scenario task). Then they were asked to recall and write about a real-life event that made them feel guilty in their L2 (autobiographical memory task). A month later they performed the same tasks in their L1. Content analysis and emotional vocabulary analysis were conducted to examine cross-linguistic differences in the expression of guilt. Overall, these bilinguals experienced higher levels of guilt and regret when they read the moral scenarios in their L1 Greek. They also used a greater number of emotion words in their autobiographical memories in L1. However, they appeared to be more willing to talk about sensitive topics (e.g. infidelity, homosexuality, and death) in their L2. These findings have implications for both psychotherapy and L2 instruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: People with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) face an increased risk of eating disorders/disordered eating (ED/DE), with adolescents being particularly vulnerable. Empirical knowledge on the mechanisms underlying development of ED/DE in T1D is crucial for evolving prevention strategies. Research Design and Methods: Fourteen semi‐structured interviews with adolescent females with T1D and ED/DE between 14 and 18 years were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Analyses identified four main themes; 'Interconnected afflictions', 'Judgment', 'Feeling Different', and 'Chaos & Control', These themes explore the interconnectedness of T1D and ED/DE, with shame and guilt emerging as common underlying mechanism. The development of a biopsychosocial model was based on the integration of these data with existing models. Conclusions: The study extends previous developmental pathways of ED/DE in adolescents with T1D. We propose a biopsychosocial model that incorporates various factors: predisposing factors such as parental management of T1D and weight gain during adolescence; precipitating factors including comments on weight, frequency of weighing, perceptions of surveillance; the perpetuating bilateral influence of ED/DE and T1D and finally highlighting the protective mechanisms of disease acceptance encompassing parental handling of diagnosis and the contribution of healthcare professionals (HCP's) role in psychoeducation. The present study highlight the vulnerability of adolescence in the presence of T1D, particularly concerning issues related to eating, weight, and body. It offers clinically relevant insights, with the aim to improve communication and management strategies for this very specific group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychotherapy is broadly concerned with secrets. Often our clients bring us things which they have never told anyone, subjects they have felt unable to broach. What happens in the relationship when a secret is uncovered? In this article, I discuss how one's secrets finally being uncovered can invoke shame. However, the shame of being seen in a new way can also create an opening that allows for a deeper intersubjective experience to unfold. Using Sartre's concept of the gaze of the other alongside Merleau‐Ponty's ideas of dehiscence, visibility/invisibility and intertwining, I explore the meaning of secrecy, guilt and shame for both therapist and client within the therapeutic relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore maternal shame and guilt as affective derivatives of social regulations of motherhood in Iceland, which is internationally perceived as a frontrunner in gender equality. We analyze 450 qualitative questionnaires completed by parents describing feelings of guilt and shame in connection to parenthood. We use 76 questionnaires completed by fathers to contrast and compare to answers from mothers to better understand the affective‐discursive workings of motherhood. The affective‐discursive analytical framework allows us to understand affective pulls, pushes, power dynamics and their social politics. The findings are contextualized in the Nordic welfare state, neoliberalism, the current ethos of intensive mothering. The recurrent thread running through the data is the idea of the ever‐present mother, and under this umbrella concept, we have developed two affective‐discursive themes: (i) the guilt of working (long hours) and having to arrange for childcare and (ii) failing to be 100% present for the child. We conclude that the emotions of guilt and shame are consistently present in mothers' lives, much more so than in fathers' lives, and that this gendered pattern is both caused by and serves to reinforce the age‐old cultural mandate that mothers are primarily responsible for child rearing. The marks of intensive mothering are evident in mothers' description of feeling guilty for everyday tasks such as working, cleaning, studying, arranging for daycare, sending their children to preschool, and attending to their own needs. This gendered pattern suggests that the gender equality cornerstone of the Nordic welfare state might be at risk as important institutions, such as preschools, are perceived as inferior to mothers' constant attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines grief while providing transnational caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are an estimated 275 million migrants living in their destination homeland which is 3.5% of the global population. The transnational family strives to maintain solidarity, intergenerational ties, and cultural values while sustaining family structure across international borders. Transnational caregiving is the exchange of support and care across distance and international borders. The devastating assault of COVID-19 on older adults impacted caregiving significantly, especially transnational caregiving. A qualitative case study method was selected to examine a participant's understanding and experience of transnational caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the interviews and writing of the narrative summary, five themes emerged related to transnational caregiving and COVID-related losses –exposure to sudden and unexpected death, isolation, guilt, loss and change of traditions, and lack of closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Attention to the psychological problems of underachieving gifted students is crucial; thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of compassion therapy training on the psychological well-being and feelings of shame and guilt in underachieving gifted adolescents. Methods and Materials: This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, including a control group. The statistical population consisted of all female students from the first-grade high schools of the National Organization for Development of Exceptional Talents in Isfahan in the academic year 2022-2023. From this population, a sample was purposefully selected based on the criteria for underachievement and was then randomly assigned to the experimental (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups. The experimental group received compassion therapy intervention (Gilbert, 2009) over the course of one month, spanning 8 sessions of 90 minutes each. The research instruments included the Academic Achievement Questionnaire (Salehi, 2014), Psychological Well-being (Ryff, 2002), and Feelings of Guilt (Eysenck, 2007). Mixed analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Findings: The findings indicated that the mean scores of the post-test and follow-up for psychological well-being in the experimental group showed a significant increase (F = 103.859, P < 0.001), and the scores for feelings of guilt showed a significant decrease (F = 84.716, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The compassion therapy program can positively impact the enhancement of psychological well-being and the improvement of feelings of guilt in underachieving gifted adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Surveys conducted in the past two decades in Iran indicate an increase in suicide and attempted suicide rates. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive hypnotherapy on subjective pain and guilt in individuals with a history of suicide attempts. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population comprised all individuals with a history of suicide attempts who visited the Nikandish psychiatric clinic in Sari during 2020-2021. A total of 30 patients were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Data collection instruments included the Beck Depression Inventory (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 2001), Psychological Pain Assessment Questionnaire (Holden, Mehta, Cunningham, & McLeod, 2001), and Eysenck Guilt Questionnaire (Eysenck & Wilson, 1975). The experimental group underwent cognitive hypnotherapy in eight 90-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA via SPSS-21 software. Findings: The findings revealed that cognitive hypnotherapy significantly reduced subjective pain (F=19.65, p<.001) and guilt (F=10.80, p<.001) in individuals with a history of suicide attempts. Conclusion: Cognitive hypnotherapy is effective in alleviating mental pain and guilt among individuals with a history of suicide attempts. This therapeutic approach may be utilized to mitigate psychological issues in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mindfulness plays an important role in reducing post‐traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and promoting posttraumatic growth (PTG) among traumatized populations. However, the mechanism at the emotional level has not been fully examined. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible mediating roles of trauma‐related shame and guilt. A total of 814 college students (Mage = 19.55, SD = 1.89) with traumatic experiences in China were recruited. Traumatic experiences, mindfulness, trauma‐related shame, and trauma‐related guilt were assessed in the first survey. Six months later, PTSS and PTG were assessed in the second survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis indicated that mindfulness was associated with less PTSS through shame and guilt. However, though directly associated with more PTG, mindfulness could also negatively predict PTG by evoking less guilt. Mindfulness can be a way to cope with traumatic experiences and related psychological consequences. However, although mindfulness can reduce PTSS by suppressing negative trauma‐related shame and guilt, it can also limit the realization of PTG by inhibiting the adaptive sides of these emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many previous studies have documented the detrimental effects of social loafing on others (interpersonal impacts) at the between-person level. However, social loafing may carry underappreciated intrapersonal functional effects at the within-person level. Our research develops a novel theoretical framework to investigate when and how engaging in social loafing enhances one's job performance. Drawing on the effort-recovery model and moral cleansing theory, we propose that social loafing may improve subsequent job performance by enhancing recovery and guilt. Specifically, we argue that among employees who experience higher job demands or have higher moral identity, social loafing in the morning enhances their job performance in the afternoon by facilitating recovery or guilt in the morning. Two-wave daily data collected across ten consecutive workdays using the experience sampling method (ESM) supports this model. We discuss how this research identifies a functional basis for social loafing and provides implications for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates why and when employees' observations of supervisors' ostracism of coworkers elicit their own feelings of guilt. In this connection, observers' silence might function as a mediator, and leader–member exchange quality could moderate the process. The tests of these predictions rely on two studies, undertaken in Pakistan: a temporally separated field study using three-wave data (N = 219) and a scenario-based experiment (N = 118). The combined results indicate that employees feel guilty for remaining silent when they witness supervisor ostracism of other colleagues. The positive relationship between such observations of supervisor ostracism and silence behavior is more pronounced among employees who enjoy high-quality relationships with their supervisor. In addition to establishing key theoretical insights, this article alerts organizations to a critical mechanism (silence to avoid upsetting supervisors) by which employees' observations of how supervisors ostracize others can escalate into their own sense of guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the emotional experiences and beliefs of individuals who engage in self-harm by analyzing data from an online self-harm forum. Emphasis was placed on understanding how these individuals describe and evaluate their emotions (emotion beliefs) and the role these beliefs play in their emotion regulation and self-harming behaviors. Method: A total of 119 posts from a self-harm discussion board on the forum were analyzed. Thematic analysis, following a critical realist perspective, was employed to identify and interpret recurring patterns in how posters articulated their emotion beliefs. Results: Four themes were created during analysis: "My emotions are too much," "Self-harm as control or controlled by self-harm," "Suppression is better than expression," and "Self-harm helps me escape my emotional pain." Posters described experiencing overwhelming, uncontrollable, and unacceptable emotions, resulting in a desire to suppress or escape them through self-harm. Conclusions: Individuals struggling with self-harm hold negative beliefs about their emotions, which intensify emotional experiences and contribute to feelings of shame and guilt. The findings highlight the necessity of interventions targeting these negative emotion-related beliefs to foster alternative emotional regulation strategies and reduce reliance on self-harm, as well as the importance of increased education on these emotional beliefs for those who support them, in order to reduce stigma. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the potential of online forums in gaining valuable insights into sensitive behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To examine the co-occurrence of alcohol misuse and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and potential sources of coping (e.g., spirituality/religion) and clinically relevant variables among first responders (e.g., firefighters, law enforcement corrections officers, paramedics). Method: We assessed rates of independent and co-occurring alcohol misuse and PTSD among a national online sample of 320 first responders as well as the prevalence and salience of S/R, guilt, shame, moral injury, aspects of S/R, and treatment interest. Results: In our sample, 46.88% (n = 150) met criteria for comorbid alcohol misuse and probable PTSD and individuals with these comorbid conditions reported significantly greater negative religious coping, moral injury, and shame than all other diagnostic groups (i.e., independent alcohol misuse, independent PTSD, and neither). Correlations also revealed significant relationships between alcohol misuse and PTSD symptomatology with positive and negative religious coping, moral injury, shame, guilt, interest in treatment, and interest in spiritually integrated treatment. Conclusions: Findings highlight the high rates of independent and co-occurring alcohol misuse and PTSD among first responders as well as the salience of S/R in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study we assessed the construct validity of the recently published White Racial Affect Scale (Grzanka et al., 2020). Specifically, we assessed the convergent, criterion-related, and incremental evidence for construct validity of the White guilt, White shame, and White defensiveness (called "White negation" in the original article) factors. We used a video stimulus to trigger state guilt and shame in participants as part of the construct validity investigation. White adults in the United States signed up for the study online (N = 262) and watched a 5-min video stimulus and completed questionnaires before and after the video. Results of this study replicated many of the findings from the original White Racial Affect Scale validation study (Grzanka et al., 2020). We found strong evidence of construct validity for the White guilt and White defensiveness factors and mixed evidence for the White shame factor. We discuss directions for future research and implications for potential interventions. Public Significance Statement: This article provides further construct validity evidence for the factors in the White Racial Affect Scale (Grzanka et al., 2020). Possible implications include the need for interventions that address a mix of guilt and shame in White individuals engaging in racial justice work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little empirical research exists on attributions that people make regarding work-family conflict that they experience. Our study used attribution theory to examine the aftermath of work-family conflict episodes. We used a diary method in which respondents reported their daily encounters with work-family conflict, attributions they made about its causes, feelings of guilt and shame they experienced, and their levels of daily family engagement and well-being after work. Based on Ilies et al. (2012) we hypothesized that internal attributions of work-family conflict would be associated with feelings of guilt and shame, and that these emotions would in turn be differentially associated with daily after-work outcomes. We also hypothesized that the degree to which individuals were satisfied with the resolution of their work-family conflict would moderate the relationship between internal attribution and guilt/shame. Results largely supported our hypotheses, with guilt demonstrating a positive link to family engagement while shame showed a negative association. We also found that shame, but not guilt, was negatively associated with daily well-being. One's level of satisfaction with the resolution of work-family conflict emerged as a key variable as well. Lastly, we discuss the theoretical and practical ramifications of our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the impact of framing on leading‐by‐example. Our 2 × 2 design consists of group level frames (Wall Street vs. Community) and individual level frames (First/Second Movers vs. Leader/Followers). We report on two studies where we elicit participants' beliefs allowing us to evaluate whether framing effects are driven by beliefs or preferences. Across both studies, average contributions are significantly lower in the Community—First Mover frame. This is primarily because leaders contribute less, pulling down followers' contributions. We find that contributions are strongly related to first order and second order beliefs but framing effects remain once we control for beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Victims of traumatic events that involve repeated interpersonal aggression and low or no chance of escape frequently report intense Self-Conscious Emotions (SCEs), such as Shame, Guilt, and Humiliation. Humiliation is the reaction to a forced loss of status and is hypothesized to have unique contributions to the development and maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD). However, previous studies did not include humiliation or did not simultaneously probe the relative contribution of each SCE to posttraumatic symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics between specific SCEs and trauma-related symptomatology in the general population who suffered a form of complex trauma. Four hundred forty-nine people (77.11% women) exposed to domestic violence and sexual abuse answered an online survey. We investigated whether each emotion would accurately predict probable PTSD and CPTSD levels above the proposed cutoff. We estimated a network model to understand the dynamics of their interactions and whether the traumatic event type would moderate relationships between SCEs and posttraumatic stress symptoms, comparing networks of two types of complex trauma. No SCE predicted PTSD, but humiliation was a predictor of CPTSD while controlling for Shame and Guilt. Humiliation was also the most central SCE domain in the networks of both traumatic events. Our results stress the relevance of Humiliation to understanding posttraumatic stress symptoms and the necessity to consider humiliation when studying the emotional processing in complex trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The extent to which parents experience guilt related to their child's health may depend on their perceptions of their contribution to these outcomes. The impact of the child's "other" biological parent's (OBP) contribution to child health on guilt responses is understudied. Some models posit a diffusion-of-responsibility process, while others favor a heightened-risk-heightened-guilt model. The present study examines how perceived OBP contribution to child risk affects guilt among a sample of parents with self-reported overweight. Parents who perceived their child's OBP to also have overweight experienced more guilt for passing down genetic and family environment-based obesity risk to their child, which suggests that perceptions of shared risk contribution promote guilt-related outcomes. Additionally, risk information endorsing a gene-environment interaction liability framing was the most responsive to OBP weight status. These results support a heightened-risk-heightened-guilt process. Future work should consider guilt when developing child health interventions to avoid undesirable emotional outcomes among parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Military veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly experience posttraumatic guilt. Guilt over commission or omission evolves when responsibility is assumed for an unfortunate outcome (e.g., the death of a fellow combatant). Survivor guilt is a state of intense emotional distress experienced by the weight of knowing that one survived while others did not. This study of the Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) analyzed structural and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data from 132 male Iraq/Afghanistan veterans with PTSD. The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-IV (CAPS-IV) was employed to classify guilt. Thirty (22.7 %) veterans experienced guilt over acts of commission or omission, 34 (25.8 %) experienced survivor guilt, and 68 (51.5 %) had no posttraumatic guilt. White matter microstructure (fractional anisotropy, FA), cortical thickness, and cortical volume were compared between veterans with guilt over acts of commission or omission, veterans with survivor guilt, and veterans without guilt. Veterans with survivor guilt had significantly lower white matter FA compared to veterans who did not experience guilt (p <.001), affecting several regions of major white matter fiber bundles. There were no significant differences in white matter FA, cortical thickness, or volumes between veterans with guilt over acts of commission or omission and veterans without guilt (p >.050). This cross-sectional study with exclusively male veterans precludes inferences of causality between the studied variables and generalizability to the larger veteran population that includes women. Survivor guilt may be a particularly impactful form of posttraumatic guilt that requires specific treatment efforts targeting brain health. • Posttraumatic guilt is highly common among veterans with PTSD. • Survivor guilt is linked to altered white matter in veterans, potentially impacting moral cognition. • Lower FA in survivor guilt in key brain fiber tracts suggests impaired tissue organization. • Findings highlight the need for comprehensive assessment and intervention for veteran survivor guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our reasons for emotions such as sadness, anger, resentment, and guilt often remain long after we cease experiencing these emotions. This is puzzling. If the reasons for these emotions persist, why do the emotions not persist? Does this constitute a failure to properly respond to our reasons? In this paper we provide a solution to this puzzle. Our solution turns on the close connection between the rationality of emotion and the rationality of attention, together with the differing reasons to which attention and emotion are properly responsive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex guilt refers to a feeling of shame or anxiety induced by sexual behavior due to the inconsistency between a person's value and their sexuality. Sex guilt often stems from traditional, gender stereotypical sexual views and attitudes. In this study, we inquired what factors could be predicting sex guilt. Negative sexual messaging (NSM) refers to the promotion of abstinence and the glorification of virginity, representing a set of sex‐negatives views. We evaluated the relationships between NSM in childhood and sex guilt in adulthood. We include childhood sexual abuse as an alternative predictor of sex guilt to anchor our results with NSM. Participants were recruited through undergraduate groups and online platforms (total N = 1322) and completed an online survey regarding about their sexual experience. We found that NSM was a strong, persistent predictor of sex guilt. Those who experienced more NSM reported higher sex guilt. Our findings could be particularly informative for educators and policy maker who creates sex education curricula. Further study is needed to clarify the mechanisms through which NSM are associated with sex guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change evokes many kinds of emotions, which have an impact on people's behavior. This article focuses on three major climate emotions—guilt, grief, and anger—and other closely related emotional phenomena, such as climate anxiety/distress. The article explores ways in which these emotions could be engaged with constructively in religious communities, with a certain emphasis on Christian, monotheistic, and Buddhist communities. These religious communities have certain special resources for engaging with guilt and grief, but they often have profound difficulty working with constructive anger. The ways in which these emotions can affect each other are probed, and the complex dynamics of climate guilt are given special attention. Based on the work of psychologists Tara Brach and Miriam Greenspan, a four-step method of engaging with these emotions is proposed and discussed: self-reflection, exploration of various forms of these emotions, contextualization, and creative application of various methods to channel the energies in these emotions. The article draws from interdisciplinary research on eco-emotions, religion and ecology studies, and psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Men and women are well aware of the gender pay gap. The present study involved four experiments (N = 341, student sample, N = 203 general population sample) in which we indirectly measured empathy by asking participants to rate the non-complex and complex emotions they felt when reading a scenario in which a woman described her pay situation. Experiments 1 (equal pay vs. unequal pay) and 2, 3 & 4 (angry vs. depressed reaction to pay inequality) investigate differences in empathy arousal between men and women by assessing their emotions. Globally, both men and women identified correctly emotions expressed by the women victim of pay inequity. On complex emotions, women express more other suffering emotions than men, only in Experiment 4. Coupled with expression of guilt/shame for men only, these results are discussed in the perspective of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mealtime anxiety predicted increased emotional avoidance at the next meal. • When considering concurrent guilt, anxiety did not predict emotional avoidance. • Mealtime guilt and physical discomfort predicted emotional avoidance. • These affective processes may differentially relate to eating disorder symptoms. • Guilt should be considered in conceptualizing the anxiety–avoidance cycle. The relationship between negative emotions and avoidance is widely theorized as a bidirectional cycle implicated in a range of psychopathology. Historically, research on this cycle has examined one type of negative emotion: anxiety. Yet, a broader range of internal experiences may be implicated in the maintenance of unhealthy avoidance cycles in psychopathology. This study examines prospective relationships among anxiety, guilt, physical discomfort, and experiential avoidance during mealtimes for individuals with eating disorders (EDs). Participants (N = 108) completed ecological momentary assessments four times a day for 25 days. We computed multilevel models to examine between- and within-person effects of negative emotions and physical discomfort on experiential avoidance. When including guilt and anxiety in one model, guilt, but not anxiety, explained the significant variance in experiential avoidance at the next meal. Mealtime physical discomfort and experiential avoidance evidenced reciprocal prospective relationships. Future research should test whether interventions targeting experiential avoidance and physical discomfort at mealtimes disrupt guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has linked individuals' dispositional guilt and shame to their interpersonal processes. Although caregivers' guilt and shame proneness in the parenting context likely have important implications for their mental health and parenting, there is a lack of validated measures for such dispositions. In three studies with Chinese parents, we developed and validated the Parental Guilt and Shame Proneness scale (PGASP), which was based on the Guilt and Shame Proneness scale (GASP). The PGASP comprises two guilt subscales—negative behavior-evaluations (guilt-NBE) and repair action tendencies (guilt-repair)—and two shame subscales—negative self-evaluations (shame-NSE) and withdrawal action tendencies (shame-withdraw). Study 1 (N = 604) provided support for the four-factor structure of the PGASP, which was replicated in Study 2 (N = 451). The concurrent validity of the PGASP was examined in Study 2 and Study 3 (N = 455). The two guilt subscales were associated with better mental health and more positive parenting, whereas parents' shame-withdraw exhibited the opposite pattern; weak or no relations were found for shame-NSE. Findings highlight the need to differentiate between parents' shame-NSE and shame-withdraw. PGASP may be a useful tool for identifying parents at risk of engaging in negative parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

#MeToo is a digital social movement that has garnered significant attention from feminist scholars since the hashtag obtained viral fame in 2017. Nonetheless, how survivors of sexual violence experience participating in #MeToo remains an understudied question. In this paper we analyze vlogs posted on YouTube under the hashtag to understand how women represent the affordances and drawbacks of participating in the movement, and how they imagine their experiential narratives may affect other survivors. We argue that vloggers represent #MeToo as a forum for breaking the culture of silence that structures sexual violence. As they narrate their experiences, vloggers challenge silencing mechanisms by cultivating voice, resistance strategies, and survivor solidarity, while encouraging viewers to similarly examine their own experiences. Vloggers also identify the emotional burdens associated with disclosure and the damages incurred by confronting rape myths and the entrenched denial of perpetrator guilt as drawbacks of participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The untold and unrecognized stories which socioculturally subjugated Americans live become embedded in their psyche-soma, disallowing them the status of full personhood and leading to what Fanny Brewster calls participation mystique. Oppression, trauma and the violence of colonialism, mundane as well as transgenerationally transmitted, spawn terror, fragmentation, despair, and chronic devaluation. Psychoanalysis has partaken and colluded in perpetuating, enacting and remaining silent around what critical race theory delineates as majoritarian stories, which are sovereign societal myths structurally cemented into the American caste system. Accompaniment and witnessing in the consulting room may return voice, power and integration to our societally subordinated patients, whereby they may claim and speak the truths of their personal counterstories. In order to help these patients become whole, this paper extends a bid for psychoanalysis to courageously undertake the personal work of recognizing its own socioculturally generated pain, shame and guilt, along with engaging in a mourning process. Psychic accessibility to witnessing necessarily must include recognition of patients' cultural suffering in tandem with exquisitely experiencing the harsh realities of a society which has organized itself in unconscionable ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of Polish regional accents on guilt attribution was investigated in this study. Four recordings of suspect testimony were presented to one hundred and eighteen students who listened to a dialogue between a male middle-aged Polish police officer as an interviewer and a female young suspect. The current study aimed to examine how members of the same group perceive attitudes toward Polish nonstandard varieties of language in the courtroom. I also seeked to investigate stereotypes related to nonstandard Polish speakers as far as such factors as accuracy, creditability, deception, prestige, intelligence and likeability are concerned. Finally, this study aimed to find "the Polish accent of guilt". The findings revealed that the suspect was assessed as being considerably more guilty while speaking with the Cracovian accent rather than Silesian, Podhale or Zamość accents. The Cracovian accent is the least credible and likeable of all accents which were examined in this study, but excels in the factor of prestige and intelligence. Podhale accent seems to be viewed as the most likeable. Zamość accent was rated the highest in intelligence. • Polish accents have an impact on guilt attributions. • Suspects speaking with stronger Polish accents would evoke less accusations of guilt. • Accent discrimination might occur in Polish courtrooms. • Cracovian accent is the accent of guilt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The "cheating paradigm" is an often-used procedure that randomly assigns participants to cheat (guilty) or not cheat (innocent). However, not all participants conform to their assigned condition. We investigated the potential impact of including non-conformers in analyses under an intent-to-treat model (ITT) on decisions to confess, plea, and waive Miranda rights. Methods: We conducted a series of meta-analyses with studies that used the cheating paradigm to study the legal decisions of mock suspects and that provided enough statistical information for all participants. Results: Overall, non-conforming guilty participants had lower odds of confessing, pleading guilty, and waiving Miranda rights than conforming guilty participants, whereas non-conforming innocent participants had higher odds. Importantly, including non-conforming participants under an ITT model attenuates, but does not eliminate, the effect of guilt status on decisions. Conclusions: These findings highlight how willingness to cheat influences legal outcomes and that researchers need to more carefully consider non-conforming participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scant research has explored how the emotions of gift‐givers influence their gift selection, particularly negative emotions. Addressing this gap, this research examines how guilt impacts gift‐giving, capitalizing on the conceptual link between guilt, power, and size. Through four experiments, we demonstrate that, compared with gift‐givers in a control condition, guilty gift‐givers are more likely to choose conspicuously branded gifts—items with highly noticeable, large brand logos. We observe this effect using different scenarios and the autobiographical recall procedure to elicit guilt, as well as a variety of operationalizations of brand conspicuousness. We find that the sense of power and power restoration provided by the gift account for the results. Moreover, the preference for a conspicuously branded gift diminishes when guilty gift‐givers engage in reparative actions to alleviate their guilt prior to gift‐giving. This research contributes to the literature on guilt, power, and conspicuous consumption by revealing a novel consequence of guilt on consumer choice in gift‐giving contexts and expanding our understanding of conspicuous brand usage. The findings have practical implications for marketers, particularly in using guilt appeals and promoting conspicuously branded gifts. Finally, we suggest future research directions related to positive emotions and other outcomes of interest in gift‐giving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers are often faced with a choice to rent or buy. Beyond the economic attributes such as price, limited research has examined how specific product attributes influence consumers' choices. We show that unethical product attributes influence consumers' choice between renting and buying. Across six studies, we demonstrate that consumers are more likely to choose renting over buying when an unethical product attribute is present (vs. absent) because consumers anticipate feeling less guilt about renting (vs. buying) a product with unethical attributes. Consistent with the anticipated guilt mechanism, this effect is greater for consumers with higher guilt-proneness and with stronger self-brand connection. Taken together, we show that consumers use renting as a coping strategy to reduce negative emotions associated with using unethical products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While simplistic arguments portend a possible relationship between consumers' materialistic values and consumption guilt, empirical evidence in this regard, however, remains equivocal at best. In this paper, we address this issue by establishing the effect of materialism on consumption guilt – delimited by regulatory influence (promotion/prevention) – as reflected in consumers' relative preferences for structurally distinct but financially equivalent price alternatives. Specifically, we conduct an experiment with consumers' trait materialistic values, measured as a continuous variable, as an independent variable, with extraneous social influence as a two-level (promotion/prevention) manipulated moderator, consumption guilt as the mediating variable, and consumers' relative price preference (as mentioned above) as the dependent variable of choice. Subsequently, we conduct a regression analysis, followed by a floodlight analysis, and, a series of mediation analyses, including a mediated moderation analysis, in establishing the effect of materialism on consumption guilt. Our results indicate that consumers higher/lower in materialism, both experienced consumption guilt. Subsequently, these consumers mitigated consumption guilt by preferring the price structure that best allowed them to do so in consummating the purchase of a new product – the mediating effect of consumption guilt. Our findings imply indirect price-discrimination opportunities for sellers, wherein demand for products increases as consumers (self) mitigate consumption guilt through price preferences, irrespective of their dominating materialistic tendencies. In summary, herein, we empirically establish the long-conjectured relationship between materialism and consumption guilt, unequivocally, both for consumers high, or low, in materialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the sense of obligation and feelings of guilt experienced by female influencers when collaborating with brands. Sponsored posts are crucial for influencers’ income, and despite their awareness of the uncertain algorithms governing post visibility, influencers feel personally responsible for maximizing exposure and generating sales from their audience. Drawing on 15 interviews with Australian influencers on Instagram and 12 interviews with Chinese influencers from Xiaohongshu (Red), this article reveals the “messiness” during influencers’ negotiations with brands and the emotional obligations that transcend mere commercial contracts. The emotional connections between female influencers and brands give rise to what I term an “emotional contract,” which weakens influencers’ bargaining flexibility. I argue that this contract is rooted in the gendered nature of the influencer ecosystem and the historical devaluation of emotional labour expected of women. This dynamic fosters and normalizes a structure of guilt, thereby imposing additional challenges in receiving fair compensation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guilt and shame are emotions that, albeit subjectively negative, help humans adapt to their social environment. However, in some cases, there are pathogenic beliefs, shaped over the lifespan that sustain them and make them a source of psychopathological suffering. In this paper we will first briefly show how Control‐Mastery Theory (CMT) considers several types of pathogenic beliefs shaped by traumatic experiences that underly chronic feelings of guilt and shame. We then focus on a clinical case of Livia, a 28 year‐old woman with relational and academic problems suffering mainly from two such types of pathogenic beliefs: burdening guilt and disloyalty guilt. We describe how a) Livia was driven by adverse and traumatic experiences to form some of these pathogenic beliefs, b) how she tested the therapist in order to discover whether he would disconfirm these beliefs, and c) how the therapist was able to successfully pass these tests and provide her with new and healthier interpersonal experiences. The case of Livia will highlight therapists' ability to accurately formulate patients' goals, pathogenic beliefs—including types of guilt‐ and shame‐related beliefs—and traumas. Moreover, the case will illustrate how therapists can pass patients' tests and adopt the right attitude to help patients disprove their pathogenic beliefs and overcome problematic experiences of guilt and shame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractExamples of responses to killing are provided from three groups of state-sanctioned killers: executioners, perpetrators of genocide, and members of the armed forces; as well as violent offenders. The extent to which such individuals experience guilt and shame is related, from a personal construct theory perspective, to the degree to which their actions are consistent with their core roles as construed by themselves and others. Drawing upon examples from situations of warfare, it is argued that one mechanism for the avoidance of guilt and shame may be hostile extortion of evidence that the individual’s actions are ultimately the responsibility of another, and that cycles of hostility may foment and perpetuate the conflicts concerned. Other such mechanisms that are discussed are reduction of permeability of moral constructs, depersonalization of killing, and dehumanization of victims. By contrast, guilt and shame are likely to be more fully experienced, and possibly to lead to reconstruction, when the individual’s encounter with their victim is one that engenders both commonality and sociality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to propose a psychodynamic hypothesis based on control-mastery theory (CMT) about the self-punishment function of some non-psychotic hypochondriacal states. After a review of several major psychoanalytic hypotheses about hypochondria, we will show the main concepts of CMT, an integrative, relational, cognitive-dynamic theory of mental functioning, psychopathology, and therapeutic process that is the theoretical framework that has helped us understand and treat these states in our patients. We will then describe two clinical cases to show how some hypochondriacal states can be interpreted as self-punishments connected to three main kinds of guilt hypothesized by CMT: survivor guilt, burdening guilt, and separation/disloyalty guilt. Finally, we will discuss the implications of these hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: People who use illicit drugs cumulate medical and psychosocial vulnerabilities, justifying a rounded health approach. Both caregivers and patients can form barriers to accessing care, leading to inadequate care. This study aimed to identify the needs and expectations of such patients in general practice. Methods: Qualitative research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 23 people with illicit substance use disorder in Brussels in 2020. Multicentric recruitment was conducted to obtain a heterogeneous mix of sociodemographic profiles and care trajectories. Thematic analysis was performed using RQDA package software. Results: Participants highlighted several vulnerabilities. These include the presence of significant self-stigmatization and guilt, sometimes to the extent of self-dehumanization, even after years of care, and overdoses masking suicide attempts and early memory disorders. Multiple substance use, smoking in almost all participants, and misuse of benzodiazepines were also noted. The majority of participants expressed the need for an open-minded, non-stigmatizing and empathic GP with a holistic approach that could guide them throughout their life course. The competencies of the GPs in the field of addiction seemed secondary to the participants. Knowledge and good collaboration with the mental health network were assets. Conclusion: Participants expressed the need for GPs with good interpersonal skills, including a non-stigmatizing attitude. The care coordinator role of the GP was highlighted as a key element, as it was a holistic approach focusing on global health (including the social determinants of health) and not only on substance use disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health and care staff have limited opportunities to design, deliver and lead critical enquiry activities. Aims: To explore barriers and enablers of building capacity, capability and confidence of these practitioners who wish to undertake critical enquiry activity. Methods: A realist conceptual framework including the development of middle range theory allowed analysis of the scholarship process and outcomes. Data were collected through snap surveys, interviews (face to face and online) and project output (posters). Results: Nine scholars completed the programme and all participated in the study. They all experienced an increase in capacity, capability and confidence in critical enquiry activity. Six overarching themes arose from analysis of the interviews and snap survey data: value; expertise; attitudes; meaningful, responsive support; brain space; and skill and knowledge acquisition. Discussion: A combined focus on people and project while staff remained embedded in their work area was key for the growth of skills and knowledge and creating impact from projects. Guilt at having dedicated time to take part in the programme was a self-imposed barrier to building capacity and capability. Social capital (gained from bringing together individuals from different groups with shared values) facilitated bonding, which increased psychological safety and helped enable capability and confidence. Conclusion: The combination of theory and practice embedded in a real-world context led to positive outcomes for staff, patients, carers and the facilitation team as real-life changes were made in clinical environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study aims at alleviating guilt feeling and its impact on reducing psychological burnout for mothers with multiple blind children via a counselling program based on acceptance and commitment as well as demonstrating the continuity of the effectiveness of this program as to the experimental group after follow-up period. The study sample comprised 8 mothers with multiple blind children with an age range of 31-45, an average of 39.75, and standard deviation of 4.59. The study tools consisted of Guilt Feeling Scales, Psychological Burnout Scales, and a Counselling Program based on acceptance and commitment, all prepared by the researcher. The study findings showed the effectiveness of the counselling program based on acceptance and commitment on alleviating guilt feeling as well as reducing the psychological burnout ensuing from such guilt-feeling alleviation for mothers with multiple blind children. Also, the study findings demonstrated the continuity of this program's effectiveness on alleviating such guilt feeling and reducing the psychological burnout arising from the same feeling for mother of the sort after the follow-up period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the mediation effect of Contrastive Upward Comparison (CUC) on the relationship between introjected regulation and exhaustion (i.e., introjected regulation—CUC—exhaustion). It is also aimed to examine the moderation effect of distress overtolerance on this mediated relationship. In order to resolve the uncertainty about the causality of cross‐sectional studies, this study worked on the relationship among the variables by setting an alternative model (i.e., CUC—introjected regulation ‐ exhaustion). The participants were 167 (females, 70.7%) undergraduate and graduate students in South Korea. The results of this study indicated that introjected regulation showed indirect and significant effect on exhaustion via CUC. However, in the alternative model, the indirect effect of introjected regulation in the relationship between CUC and exhaustion was not significant. Furthermore, high distress overtolerance buffered the relationship between introjected regulation and CUC, while it strengthened the association of CUC and exhaustion. Lastly, the results of moderated mediation suggested that students with higher distress overtolerance, experienced more CUC, and emotional exhaustion. The implications and limitations were also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explore the association between varsity athletes' fitness perceptions and symptoms of depression while sidelined from sport for an extended period, and test whether fitness-related self-conscious emotions (i.e., shame, guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride) mediate this relationship. Varsity athletes (N = 124) from a large university in Canada where sports had been restricted for the past year due to the pandemic. Participants completed a cross-sectional self-report survey. Regression analyses testing mediation (i.e., direct and indirect effects) were used to explore the main research aim. Controlling for age and gender, separate models demonstrated significant indirect effects of fitness perceptions on depression symptoms through shame, guilt, and authentic pride, but not through hubristic pride. Self-conscious emotions may be used as a tool to mitigate depression symptoms when varsity athletes are sidelined from sport for an extended period. Further research is needed to understand how self-conscious emotions develop when athletes are injured or retired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Moral transgressions (MTs), events that violate one's moral code, are associated with the moral emotions of guilt and shame. However, there may be different patterns by which people experience guilt and shame that affect distress following MTs. Method: Undergraduates (N = 1371) exposed to an MT completed self‐report assessments. This study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to examine profiles based on guilt cognitions, internalized shame, and distress in relation to a reported MT. Cognitive flexibility, years since the MT, and deliberate and intrusive rumination were examined as variables to determine how these factors predicted profile membership. Results: Results from the LPA revealed a three‐profile solution: a low moral distress profile (n = 1002), a moderate moral distress profile (n = 262), and a shame prominent profile (n = 107). Results indicated that higher levels of deliberate and intrusive rumination and lower levels of cognitive flexibility significantly increased the likelihood of belonging to the moderate moral distress or shame prominent profiles compared to the low moral distress profile. Higher levels of intrusive rumination and lower levels of cognitive flexibility also significantly increased the likelihood of belonging to the shame prominent profile over the moderate distress profile. Conclusion: Three different profiles emerged, with the shame prominent profile being driven primarily by internalized shame. Results suggest that intrusive rumination and cognitive inflexibility are risk factors to experiencing adverse responses to MTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although literature implicates feeling fat in the maintenance of binge‐spectrum eating disorders (EDs; e.g., bulimia nervosa, binge‐ED), research in this area is small, nascent, and relies on retrospective self‐report. The current study sought to understand the temporal pattern of feeling fat and its role as a precipitant and consequence of ED behaviors. Methods: Totally 106 treatment‐seeking adults with binge‐spectrum EDs completed 7–14‐day ecological momentary assessments. They rated feeling fat, negative affect states, and reported on ED behaviors six times per day. Multilevel models evaluated whether feeling fat mediates prospective links between negative affect states and ED behaviors, assessed if negative affect states mediate the prospective association of feeling fat on ED behaviors, and examined the bidirectional prospective association between feeling fat and ED behaviors. Results: Feeling fat was highest in the early morning (6–8:59 a.m.). Individuals with binge‐ED‐spectrum EDs demonstrated greater variability in feeling fat than those with bulimia nervosa‐spectrum EDs who had stable and high levels of feeling fat. Guilt, sadness, anxiety, and the overall NA at Time 2 mediated the prospective associations between at Time 1 feeling fat and Time 3 dietary restraint, actual dietary restriction, and compensatory exercise. There was a bidirectional prospective association between feeling fat and binge eating. Discussion: Feeling fat serves as a proximal predictor and mediator of the prospective association between guilt and binge eating. Feeling fat and binge eating mutually reinforce each other. Public Significance: Little is understood regarding the experience of feeling fat in natural environments among individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders. We found that the risk for having the experience of feeling fat is high in the morning and evening. Feeling fat triggers guilt, anxiety, and sadness which in turn, increases engagement in dietary restraint/restriction and compensatory exercise. Feeling fat also triggers binge eating, and binge eating leads to feelings of fatness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides insight into the lived experience of individuals who have survived falls from height. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyze qualitative questionnaire and interview data from four participants and from the author, who is a fellow fall survivor. Overarching themes were "Making sense of the fall"; "Chance and Agency"; "Impact" and "Recover and Reflect." The analysis identified the importance for survivors of developing a coherent narrative to situate the fall within the life-story. Processes of meaning-making and the role of blame, guilt and fault in the construction of accident narratives were also examined. First-hand accounts of physical and psychological consequences for fall survivors provide medical and therapeutic professionals with an opportunity to improve their understanding of and care for fall survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social workers often fail to engage fathers in child protection investigations (CPIs), especially when they involve domestic abuse (DA) by fathers. The aim of this study is to examine the strategies used by social workers to achieve cooperation with fathers in CPIs that involve the father being suspected of DA against the child's mother. With the use of qualitative methods, we conducted 31 semi‐structured interviews with 15 social workers during their work on 12 CPI cases. Through thematic analysis, two main strategies for achieving cooperation were created: (1) Securing an Initial Bond, which involved reducing the tension in CPI proceedings and affirming the father; (2) Maintaining the Bond while addressing the father's abusive behaviour, which involved negotiating with fathers about the DA and helping them shift their perspective on how their behaviour has impacted the victims. This analysis is rooted in the framework of shame, guilt and social bonds. However, there is a risk that these strategies may lead to the DA being minimized or overlooked. Striking a balance between building a bond and addressing abuse is crucial, and the timing of addressing DA plays a central role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the revolutionary politics in Else Lasker-Schüler's early poetry, particularly focusing on her 1905 poem "Erkenntnis" ("Knowledge"). The article argues that Lasker-Schüler's poetic revision of the biblical garden myth presents a conception of abjected subjectivity that seeks to harness a form of antiauthoritarian energy, albeit in a manner invested with ambivalence. In this poem Lasker-Schüler reimagines the story of Eve outside constructions of guilt, emphasizing transgression as a positive, almost salvific action. Still, this attempt on the poet's part is complicated by the mythopoetic past—by Eve's own voice, which is filled with shame. The form of the poem performs the process of making space for the abject, complicating the poetic trajectory of liberation by including the echoes of mythic trauma. The article concludes by drawing political consequences from the form of Lasker-Schüler's poetry and her conception of abject subjectivity, arguing that her early poetry presents us with a politics of vulnerability and solidarity with the outcasts of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]