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The preferred tool for conceptualizing, determining, and claiming relations of kinship, ancestry, and descent among humans are diagrams. For this reason, and at the same time to avoid a reduction to biology as transported by terms such as kinship, ancestry, and descent, we introduce the expression diagrammatics of relatedness. We seek to understand the enormous influence that especially tree diagrams have had as a way to express and engage with human relatedness, but hold that this success can only be adequately understood by attending to what in fact are broader diagrammatic practices. These practices bring to light that diagrams of relatedness do not simply make visible natural connections, but create or deny relations in particular ways and for particular reasons. In this special section, contributors investigate diagrams of relatedness in genealogy, heredity, as well as biological and social anthropology. Conceiving of diagrams as techniques that transcend such binaries as 'thought and action' and 'image and text', we aim at an understanding of how they were constructed and how they functioned in particular epistemic, cultural, and political contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A methodology for design of magnetorheological dampers for damping vibration of overhead power lines with voltages above 110 kV is proposed, which includes a finite element model of the behavior of the working magnetorheological fluid in a hydraulic channel, and a Matlab model of dynamic processes in a loaded damper. This technique uses tables of damping coefficient values instead of the hysteretic displacement variable characteristic of the Bouc–Wen model, i.e., they use variables and parameters with a physical meaning, known at the stage of formulating technical requirements or determined by calculations. To verify and evaluate the accuracy of the technique, a vibration model of a section of AC 150/19 wire is studied as a system with lumped parameters, suspended on garlands of intermediate support insulators using magnetorheological dampers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review article of Frederik Stjernfelt's Sheets, Diagrams, and Realism (2022) argues that Peirce's theory of iconicity with its subdivision into the image-diagram-metaphor triad must not be reduced to diagrammatic iconicity. The foundation of the triadic subdivision of the icon is not in Peirce's diagrammatic logic but in Peirce's cenopythagorean categories. A focus is on misinterpretations of Peirce's concept of thirdness in the firstness of the icon. The paper argues that not only metaphors, but also comparisons, analogies, analogic arguments, and examples belong to the third class of icons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of bāb Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture & Design is the property of bab Journal of FSMVU Architecture & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the role of media in shaping public perception of athletes and the complex interactions between media, athletes, and the audience. It emphasizes the need to recognize athletes' humanity and individuality beyond their sport and discusses the impact of financial issues on media representations. The article concludes by calling for readers to challenge media narratives and promote more equitable and inclusive coverage of sports. However, it does not thoroughly analyze media bias or consider athletes' perspectives on their representation. [Extracted from the article]

In this work, in order to synthesize new physiologically active substances, the solubility properties of the components in the acetate urea triethanolamine water ternary system were studied by observational polythermal method at a wide range of concentration and a temperature range from -43°C to 18°C. The solubility diagram of the studied system was constructed and the crystallization areas of all substances acetateurea, triethanolamine, ice and the new compound C3H8O3N2·N(C2H4OH)3 acetate ureatriethanolammonium were separated. The composition of the new substance C3H8O3N2·N(C2H4OH)3 was determined using the chemical analysis method. In order to determine optimal conditions for the synthesis of C3H8O3N2·N(C2H4OH)3 acetate ureatriethanolammonium, which has a new physiologically active property, the rheological properties of the solution were studied by adding triethanolamine to 60, 70 and 80 % acetateurea. A "composition-property" diagram was constructed based on the rheological properties of the studied system, the pH indicator, the density and viscosity of the solution, and the refractive index. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of the new substance C3H8O3N2·N(C2H4OH)3 acetate ureatriethanolammonium, obtained by the ratio of components, were determined by adding triethanolamine to a 60 % acetate urea solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of constructing a diagram of the phase composition of the Fe-S-Cu system and its mathematical model. Using the equations obtained in the work, a computer program was created and, using it, an analysis of phase formation in copper ores of various deposits was carried out. It was found that copper ore concentrates from the Berezovsk deposit in Kazakhstan contain Cu5FeS4 (20,22 %), CuS (14,21 %) and FeS2 (65,57 %), and copper ores from the Zyryanovsk deposit contain CuFeS2 (4,03 %), Cu5FeS4 (45,29 %) and FeS2 (50,68 %). Such data allows you to choose the optimal methods for further processing of concentrates, and the mathematical approach itself is more productive than the often used geometric one according to the rule of segments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Junna Oba,1 Masako Toriya,2 Yoshifumi Uwamino,3 Koichi Matsuo4 1Department of Extended Intelligence for Medicine, the Ishii-Ishibashi Laboratory, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Global Research Institute, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan; 3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 4Collaborative Research Resources, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JapanCorrespondence: Masako Toriya, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8345, Japan, Tel +81-3-5427-1379, Fax +81-3-5427-1703, Email masako.toriya@keio.jpBackground: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increasing need to expand diagnostic testing in hospitals. At Keio University Hospital (KUH), clinical staff were concerned that the demand for PCR testing might exceed the capacity of the Clinical Laboratory. In response, basic researchers at Keio University School of Medicine (KUSM) set out to build a new, collaborative, PCR testing system. To be authorized to perform such diagnostic PCR testing, KUSM registered its core laboratory as an external clinical laboratory (ECL).Methods: In the pandemic, there was a pressure to build the PCR system quickly. Speed required discussions that developed a shared understanding of the unprecedented, new KUH/KUSM PCR system. To design, construct, and archive the new PCR testing system, we used a systems engineering (SE) approach. This included diagram visualization of functional flows and application of the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF), both of which are often used in system building. We considered daily demand for PCR testing at KUH and KUSM, and daily COVID-19 infections in Japan.Results: We operated the collaborative PCR testing system from August 2020 to June 2022. Given public health insurance reimbursement policies, KUH focused on individuals with suspicious symptoms, while the ECL at KUSM screened samples from asymptomatic individuals. KUSM performed about half as many tests as KUH. Interviewing KUH staff revealed that diagrams helped promote a better understanding of the KUH/KUSM PCR testing system.Conclusion: When designing temporary systems that may be repurposed in the future, we suggest using an SE approach with diagrams and UAF perspectives. This approach will enable stakeholders to understand what is being proposed to be built, and facilitate achieving an informed consensus on the proposed system. We suggest that SE approaches should be widely used in projects that involve building and operating complex, collaborative systems, and documenting the process. Keywords: COVID-19, PCR test, clinical laboratory, systems engineering, diagram, temporary system

Background. Providing farms with low-toxic and effective defoliants from local raw materials speeds up cotton harvesting. Therefore, their development is relevant. Purpose. To obtain effective defoliants with insecticidal properties and physiological activity, to study the interaction of the components: calcium tetraurea chloride and ammonium chloride. Methodology. We used the visual-polythermal method; calcium was determined complexometrically, urea amide - spectrophotocalorimetrically (FEK-56M), chlorate - permanganometrically, chloride ions – by volumetric argentometric method. Originality. A polythermal solubility diagram for a system of calcium tetraurea chlorate and ammonium chloride has been constructed. Findings. Data were obtained on the solubility of the system Сa(ClO3)2∙4CO(NH2)2 - NH4Сl - H2O crystallization, viscosity, density, pH in the presence of ammonium chloride. in a 55% solution of calcium tetraurea chlorate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite ongoing efforts to convince users of the value of password security and to enforce password creation standards on them, in many information systems the human factor still plays a role. In addition, not only do most users' password creation and management practices largely remain unchanged, but password cracking tools and more critically, computer hardware also continue to advance. In this paper we present a model in ethical hacking; the proposed model concentrated on brute force attacks for password cracking. The main novelty of our work is that it first presents a mathematical model that calculates the number of different password permutations of varying lengths. Then the brute force attack is modelled using the Markov chain model and a method is developed to formulate the conventional optimization problem, which is classified as a discrete nonlinear problem. The experiments' results demonstrate and validate the method's effectiveness and suitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prostate and colorectum cancers rank among the most common cancers, and incontinence is a significant postsurgical issue affecting the physical and psychological well-being of cancer survivors. Social media, particularly YouTube, has emerged as a vital source of health information. While YouTube offers valuable content, users must exercise caution due to potential misinformation. Objective: This study aims to assess the quality of publicly available YouTube videos related to incontinence after pelvic cancer surgery. Methods: A search on YouTube related to "Incontinence after cancer surgery" was performed, and 108 videos were analyzed. Multiple quality assessment tools (DISCERN, GQS, JAMA, PEMAT, and MQ-VET) and statistical analyses (descriptive statistics and intercorrelation tests) were used to evaluate the characteristics and popularity, educational value, quality, and reliability of these videos, relying on novel graphical representation techniques such as Sankey and Chord diagrams. Results: Strong positive correlations were found among quality rating scales, emphasizing agreement. The performed graphical analysis reinforced the reliability and validity of quality assessments. Conclusions: This study found strong correlations among five quality scales, suggesting their effectiveness in assessing health information quality. The evaluation of YouTube videos consistently revealed "high" quality content. Considering the source is mandatory when assessing quality, healthcare and academic institutions are reliable sources. Caution is advised with ad-containing videos. Future research should focus on policy improvements and tools to aid patients in finding high-quality health content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of [i2]: Research & Innovation in Architecture / Investigación e Innovación en Arquitectura y Territorio is the property of Universitat D'Alacant and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the results of constructing a diagram of the phase composition of the Fe-S-Cu system and its mathematical model. Using the equations obtained in the work, a computer program was created and, using it, an analysis of phase formation in copper ores of various deposits was carried out. It was found that copper ore concentrates from the Berezovsk deposit in Kazakhstan contain Cu5FeS4 (20,22 %), CuS (14,21 %) and FeS2 (65,57 %), and copper ores from the Zyryanovsk deposit contain CuFeS2 (4,03 %), Cu5FeS4 (45,29 %) and FeS2 (50,68 %). Such data allows you to choose the optimal methods for further processing of concentrates, and the mathematical approach itself is more productive than the often used geometric one according to the rule of segments.

Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have drawn increased attention due to rich physical properties such as ferroelectricity and photovoltaic properties. Nevertheless, it is challenging to discover novel 2D OIHPs within the vast chemical composition space. Herein, a diagrammatic machine learning model was employed to improve this issue. We collected 179 OIHPs with a variety of organic cations and screened out 6 features from 10,622 descriptors. Subsequently, a decision tree model was created to predict the dimensionality of OIHPs, achieving a LOOCV accuracy of 0.94 and a test accuracy of 0.89, respectively. Then, one candidate from a virtual space with 8256 samples was successfully synthesized, which was consistent with the prediction of the model. Finally, three rules were produced by visualization of the tree structure to generally discriminate 2D from non-2D OIHPs. It is believed that the diagrammatic model has reliability in identifying 2D OIHPs and will serve further property studies of OIHPs in the future.

Background. The article presents the results of the implementation of the capabilities of IT technologies in medical practice on the example of the work of the departments of intensive care and intensive care. The authors of the article developed the MedData medical data management system, which implements a graphical representation of the patient's condition in intensive care units based on cognitive graphics methods. Materials and methods. Such methods of cognitive graphics as "heat map," "map-radar", "diagram" with once-time graph formats, sparklines were implemented. This article provides a comparative analysis of cognitive graphics methods. The option of distributing blood parameters into subgroups is justified. Results and conclusions. The authors of the article explained the choice of a visual graphical representation of the patient's condition based on the numerical values of blood parameters reduced into subgroups, which are distributed according to their functional value.

An arrangement of pseudocircles A is a collection of Jordan curves in the plane that pairwise intersect (transversally) at exactly two points. How many non-equivalent links have A as their shadow? Motivated by this question, we study the number of non-equivalent positive oriented links that have an arrangement of pseudocircles as their shadow. We give sharp estimates on this number when A is one of the three unavoidable arrangements of pseudocircles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Answer script presentation is an effective means of conveying knowledge and understanding. It reflects clarity of thought and organization, which can positively influence scoring. Additionally, well-structured answers reduce the chances of misinterpretation, ensuring that your knowledge is accurately assessed. Despite its importance, there is limited research focusing on the specific errors students make in presenting their answers. Hence, this study explored common errors in answer script presentation from the perspectives of both teachers and students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 240 students and 50 teachers in July 2024 at Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College, Bihar, India. A questionnaire was developed by a three-member panel of experts in education and assessment to ensure it was comprehensive and relevant to the study's objectives. The questionnaire comprised 12 items rated on a 5-point Likert scale where a higher score indicates higher perceptions of the error. Data were collected from teachers and students using the pre-tested self-administered printed questionnaire. The scores among the different perceived errors were compared by ANOVA and the scores between teachers and students were compared by unpaired t-test. Results Students perceived that their highest error was inconsistent handwriting (2.72±1.4), followed by incomplete diagrams (2.52±1.2) and disorganization (2.47±1.17). The error perceived to be least important was incorrect numbering (1.53±0.97), F=12.49, p-value<0.0001. Teachers perceived the error in illegible handwriting (4.36±0.48), followed by lack of emphasis (4.16±0.62) and disorganization (3.94±0.91) as the errors most likely to contribute to poor performance. The error perceived to be least important was inconsistent handwriting (2.4±1.01), F=18.22, p-value<0.0001. When the data were compared between teachers and students, except for inconsistent handwriting, the perceived error score by teachers was higher than the students perceived. Conclusion There was a significant disparity between students' and teachers' perceptions of common presentation errors, with teachers consistently rating the severity of errors higher than students. Both groups identified inconsistent handwriting as a prominent error. This underscores the need for better alignment and communication between students and educators regarding the importance of specific aspects of written presentation in assessments., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethics Committee of Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College issued approval MGM/IEC/102/2024. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Deb Roy et al.)

[Display omitted] • Two-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites were identified based on our diagrammatic machine learning model with an accuracy of > 90 %. • A two-dimensional perovskite candidate designed from a visual pattern recognition projection was successfully synthesized. • Three rules for guiding the formation of two-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites were extracted from the decision tree model. Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have drawn increased attention due to rich physical properties such as ferroelectricity and photovoltaic properties. Nevertheless, it is challenging to discover novel 2D OIHPs within the vast chemical composition space. Herein, a diagrammatic machine learning model was employed to improve this issue. We collected 179 OIHPs with a variety of organic cations and screened out 6 features from 10,622 descriptors. Subsequently, a decision tree model was created to predict the dimensionality of OIHPs, achieving a LOOCV accuracy of 0.94 and a test accuracy of 0.89, respectively. Then, one candidate from a virtual space with 8256 samples was successfully synthesized, which was consistent with the prediction of the model. Finally, three rules were produced by visualization of the tree structure to generally discriminate 2D from non-2D OIHPs. It is believed that the diagrammatic model has reliability in identifying 2D OIHPs and will serve further property studies of OIHPs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]