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The current study has investigated the thunderstorm induced atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) over Indian region based on the perturbation signatures in ionospheric total electron content (TEC) measurement. Robust traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID) signature has been identified along the east side of the thunderstorm affected area. Neutral wind was found to have a favorable impact in this aspect for a certain time duration of the day by modulating the vertical wavelength. The role of temperature was analyzed in terms of kinematic viscosity which is a crucial component, especially over tropical region, for wave dissipation and reflection along its propagation path. Ray tracing algorithm is also applied with varying kinematic viscosity and thermal diffusivity for retrieval of possible ray paths and source location of observed waves. A statistical investigation has been carried out to identify the dissipation altitude of observed waves along the ray paths. It has been found that all waves dissipated at almost a constant altitude for a specific kinematic viscosity and above this altitude vertical wavelength was found to decrease. The ray paths interacted at a common point which was located at about 125 km altitude and was very close to the region of maximum lightning activity. It can also be noted that the observed phase velocities can't be achieved by a wave below the turbopause. It indicates that the observed waves were excited from a secondary source and not directly connected to convective system. The study provides an in‐depth analysis of mesoscale system induced gravity wave propagation and dissipation over tropical region. Plain Language Summary: Mesoscale convective systems in tropical regions are key sources of low‐frequency atmospheric gravity waves (GWs). GWs usually generates above thunderstorm altitudes and propagates to ionospheric heights through dissipation and atmospheric filtering. This is one of the first study about the propagation mechanism of thunderstorm‐generated GWs at thermospheric altitude over the Indian region. The concentric source of the wave was evidenced by concentric rings in traveling ionospheric disturbance and phase velocity Vp $\left({V}_{p}\right)$ trends which coincides with high lightning location. It is also observed that wave with Vp ${V}_{p}$ above 250 m/s were unable to propagate below 100 Km and indicate the secondary source of the gravity wave at thermospheric altitudes which was not directly related with the thunderstorm activity. The effect of background temperature on the propagation mechanism was tested by examining the role of kinematic viscosity on wave dissipation. The maximum momentum fluxes were found around 260 km altitude for a specific kinematic viscosity profile. Interestingly, the ray‐tracing validation fails one scale height above this altitude, aligning with theories of wave dissipation or reflection. Additionally, it was also observed that all waves interacted at a common point in both horizontal and temporal domains. This is one of the key finding of this investigation. Key Points: The study presents signature of thunderstorm induced gravity wave above lower thermospheric altitudePhase velocity and intrinsic period increased linearly from thunderstorm locationAn almost unique wave dissipation altitude found for all waves for a specific kinematic viscosity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nationalism calls for one’s loyalty and affiliation towards their chosen nation. Various versions of nationalism emphasise that one must prioritise said nation above themselves and their personal ethics, hence, allowing the nation to overpower the nationalist’s individuality. In this article, we use Critical Discourse Analysis to deconstruct the narratives of nationalism as portrayed in two popular films, viz. The Kashmir Files and Uri: The Surgical Strike, which are based on real historical events – the exodus of Kashmiri Hindus and the surgical strike by the Indian Army in retaliation to the Uri attack. Both films use narrative strategies to frame key historical events into certain ideological contexts, and hence they serve the populist purpose of swaying viewers’ opinion in favour of the dominant socio-political class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Biomarkers like white blood cells, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-1 are used in patients with sepsis for early diagnosis, differentiating various infections, making decisions to start antibiotics and evaluate their response, and to prognosticate morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of these biomarkers, the prognosis of patients with sepsis in the ICU remains poor. Hence, this study was carried out to test the efficacy of procalcitonin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to prognosticate mortality and morbidity in terms of incidence of organ dysfunction and length of ICU stay in sepsis patients., Methods: In this prospective observational study, we measured NLR and procalcitonin at days one, three, and seven of sepsis patients and divided them into four groups: low NLR and high procalcitonin (LNHP), high NLR and high procalcitonin (HNHP), high NLR and low procalcitonin (HNLP), and low NLR and low procalcitonin (LNLP). Mortality at 28 days was noted as the primary outcome., Results: Out of 85 patients included in the study, five were lost to follow-up. Although no statistically significant difference was found in the primary outcome between all four groups, regression analysis showed that rising NLR and procalcitonin values were associated with a significant increase in mortality., Conclusion: Serial values of NLR and procalcitonin are more important in predicting severity in comparison to a single value at presentation and can be used as a prognostic marker in sepsis patients., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Artemis Health Sciences Institutional Ethics Committee (AHS-IEC) issued approval 504256. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Singhal et al.)