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well known for its insecticidal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-rheumatic and antibiotic properties, Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) Essential oil (EO), is effective in repelling and controlling many different pest species. The present study evaluates in vitro efficacy of turmeric EO against ectoparasitic tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)annulatus collected from their natural host, domesticated cows. Repellency and toxicity of the EO on ectoparasitic ticks was analyzed with petri dish choice bioassay and AIT (Adult immersion test) against adult engorged females and nymphal stages of ticks. The Repellency Concentration (RC 50 ) and Lethal Concentration (LC 50 ) reproductive index, inhibition of oviposition and egg hatchability of treated ticks were estimated. GC-MS analysis identified Ar-turmerone as the major phytochemical, which induces adulticidal and repellant properties of EO. The nymphal stages of the ticks exhibited greater repellency on application of EO than the adult stage. Also, EO induced effective mortality in adult ticks. Further, this lethal concentration is capable of producing a decreased output in reproductive parameters namely, fecundity, % of oviposition and egg hatchability in surviving ticks thereby considerably reducing Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) R(B). annulatus population on its host. This study reveals the potency C. longa EO to be used as an effective pest control agent against R (B). annulatus infestation that can serve as an alternative to synthetic pesticides., Competing Interests: Declarations Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical declaration This study was conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines and regulations concerning research integrity. We hereby declare that no animals were involved in this research except ectoparasitic tick. Only collection of ticks taken from cows, which doesn’t cause any harm to them. Also, we don’t used any endangered species of plants in the study, we comply with the IUCN policy statement on research involving species at risk of extinction and the convention on trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

This retrospective observational study, building on prior research that demonstrated the efficacy of the Digital Twin (DT) Precision Treatment Program over shorter follow-up periods​​, aimed to examine glycemic control and reduced anti-diabetic medication use after one-year in a DT commercial program. T2D patients enrolled had adequate hepatic and renal function and no recent cardiovascular events. DT intervention powered by artificial intelligence utilizes precision nutrition, activity, sleep, and deep breathing exercises. Outcome measures included HbA1c change, medication reduction, anthropometrics, insulin markers, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics. Of 1985 enrollees, 132 (6.6%) were lost to follow-up, leaving 1853 participants who completed one-year. At one-year, participants exhibited significant reductions in HbA1c [mean change: -1.8% (SD 1.7%), p < 0.001], with 1650 (89.0%) achieving HbA1c below 7%. At baseline, participants were on mean 1.9 (SD 1.4) anti-diabetic medications, which decreased to 0.5 (SD 0.7) at one-year [change: -1.5 (SD 1.3), p < 0.001]. Significant reductions in weight [mean change: -4.8 kg (SD 6.0 kg), p < 0.001], insulin resistance [HOMA2-IR: -0.1 (SD 1.2), p < 0.001], and improvements in β-cell function [HOMA2-B: +21.6 (SD 47.7), p < 0.001] were observed, along with better CGM metrics. These findings suggest that DT intervention could play a vital role in the future of T2D care., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Diffuse midline glioma, H3 K27-altered (DMG) are highly aggressive malignancies of the central nervous system (CNS) that primarily affect the pediatric population. Large scale spatial transcriptomic studies have implicated that tumor microenvironmental landscape plays an important role in determining the phenotypic differences in tumor presentation and clinical course, however, data connecting overall transcriptomic changes to the protein level is lacking. The NanoString GeoMx ™  Digital Spatial Profiler platform was used to determine the spatial transcriptomic and proteomic landscape in a cohort of both pediatric and adult H3 K27-altered DMG biopsy samples. Three fluorescently labeled antibodies targeting immune cells (CD45), epithelial cells (PanCK), tumor cells (H3 K27M) and a nucleic acid stain (SYTO-13) were used to establish regions of interest (ROI) for genomic and proteomic analysis. We found genetic alterations within the tumor which can be delineated across patient age and spatial location. We show that the H3 K27M mutation itself has a profound impact on tumor cells transcriptomics and interestingly we found limited fidelity between overall transcriptome and proteome. Our data also validate a previously described genomic signature at the proteomic level and reveal a special shift in the signature based on the local TME composition., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.