1. Impact of respiratory pathogens detection by a rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay on the management of community-acquired pneumonia for children at the paediatric emergency department. A randomized controlled trial, the Optimization of Pneumonia Acute Care (OPTIPAC) study.
- Author
-
Cantais A, Pillet S, Rigaill J, Angoulvant F, Gras-Le-Guen C, Cros P, Thuiller C, Molly C, Tripodi L, Desbree A, Annino N, Verhoeven P, Carricajo A, Bourlet T, Chapelle C, Claudet I, Garcin A, Izopet J, Mory O, and Pozzetto B
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Preschool, Female, Male, Child, Infant, Pneumonia diagnosis, Pneumonia drug therapy, Pneumonia microbiology, France, Adolescent, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Pneumonia, Bacterial diagnosis, Pneumonia, Bacterial drug therapy, Pneumonia, Bacterial microbiology, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction methods, Community-Acquired Infections diagnosis, Community-Acquired Infections drug therapy, Community-Acquired Infections microbiology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Emergency Service, Hospital
- Abstract
Objectives: The pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children is typically uncertain during initial treatment, leading to systematic empiric antibiotic use. This study investigates if having rapid multiplex PCR results in the emergency department (ED) improves empiric treatment., Methods: OPTIPAC, a French multicentre study (2016-2018), enrolled patients consulting for CAP at the paediatric ED in 11 centres. Patients were randomized to either receive a multiplex PCR test plus usual care or usual care alone and followed for 15 days. The primary outcome was the appropriateness of initial antimicrobial management, determined by a blinded committee., Results: Of the 499 randomized patients, 248 were tested with the multiplex PCR. Appropriateness of the antibiotic treatment was higher in the PCR group (168/245, 68.6% vs. 120/249, 48.2%; Relative risk 1.42 [1.22-1.66]; p < 0.0001), chiefly by reducing unnecessary antibiotics in viral pneumonia (RR 3.29 [2.20-4.90]). No adverse events were identified., Discussion: The multiplex PCR assay result at the ED improves paediatric CAP's antimicrobial stewardship, by both reducing antibiotic prescriptions and enhancing treatment appropriateness., (Copyright © 2024 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2025
- Full Text
- View/download PDF