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3. Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Cognitive Functions: Analysis of Electrocardiogram Signals and Classification Using Ensemble Methods

Author

Liew, Joe Ying, Lim, Chee Chin, Oung, Qi Wei, Vijean, Vikneswaran, Awang, Saidatul Ardeenawatie Binti, Chong, Yen Fook, Tan, Xiao Jian, Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Lee, Hoi Leong, editor, and Yazid, Haniza, editor

Published
2025
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4. EEG Signal Processing Using Deep Learning for Motor Imagery Tasks: Leveraging Signal Images

Author

Amran, Husna Najeha, Markom, Marni Azira, Awang, Saidatul Ardeenawatie, Adom, Abdul Hamid, Tan, Erdy Sulino Mohd Muslim, Markom, Arni Munira, Magjarević, Ratko, Series Editor, Ładyżyński, Piotr, Associate Editor, Ibrahim, Fatimah, Associate Editor, Lackovic, Igor, Associate Editor, Rock, Emilio Sacristan, Associate Editor, Lee, Hoi Leong, editor, and Yazid, Haniza, editor

Published
2025
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5. Digital Influence on User’s Mindset on Religiously Contrary Ideologies

Author

Asli, Nurulhuda Asilah, Hamid, Dayang Hajah Tiawa Awang Haji, Omar, Haji Abdul Hafidz Haji, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Novikov, Dmitry A., Editorial Board Member, Shi, Peng, Editorial Board Member, Cao, Jinde, Editorial Board Member, Polycarpou, Marios, Editorial Board Member, Pedrycz, Witold, Editorial Board Member, AlDhaen, Esra, editor, Braganza, Ashley, editor, Hamdan, Allam, editor, and Chen, Weifeng, editor

Published
2025
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14. Simulation of co-firing process using coal and pelletized palm-based biomass.

Author

Noor, Azuin Mad, Abdulrazik, Abdulhalim, Awang, Ahmad Hafizi, Handani, Zainatul Bahiyah, Zailan, Roziah, Yusof, Firdaus, Buari, Noor Halilah, and Hassan, Hamdan

Subjects
COAL combustion, RAW materials, PRICE fluctuations, SULFUR oxides, CO-combustion, COAL
Abstract

Co-firing process is a combustion process of two fuels, typically coal and biomass in the same boiler or any fired equipment, mainly for power and steam productions. The aim is to reduce the utilization of coal in the combustion because of its non-renewability. Since, the power demands are continuously showing increasing trend, a renewable source; biomass will be introduced to substitute a part of coal in this combustion process. In Malaysia, majority of coal stocks are imported from overseas and subjected to price fluctuations and availabilities. The objective of this study is to model a co-firing process that use different feed ratios of coal with empty fruit bunch (EFB) or palm kernel shell (PKS) with gas emissions analyzation. A case study of an existing coal-based power generation plant from Company A was simulated in Aspen Plus as a base model before introducing a pelletized biomass to be co-fired to generate the same power 300 MW. Plant's power production was the target with further analysis of clean emissions and raw material cost. The results show that pelletized PKS needs lesser amount of feed, which is at 60% of coal, it needs 41% compared to pelletized EFB, 42% to generate 300 MW of electricity. Sulfur oxides (SOx) emissions could be reduced with higher substitutions, which is 0.59 tonne/hr at 100% of coal and 0.38 and 0.39 tonnes/hr at 60% of coal form PKS and EFB respectively. Thus, PKS would be the best option to co-fire with coal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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15. Design and analysis of payload frame of light surveillance aircraft POD.

Author

Ardiansyah, Riki, Hidayat, Ryan, Pratama, Mikhael Gilang Pribadi Putra, Pratomo, Rezky Agung, Abdurohman, Kosim, Targani, Dudi, Muksin, Nugroho, Afid, Nuranto, Awang Rahmadi, Wandono, Fajar Ari, Aritonang, Rian Suari, Nurtiasto, Taufiq Satrio, Kusumoaji, Danartomo, Pranoto, Fuad Surastyo, Budiyanta, Ari Sugeng, Prabowo, Gunawan Setyo, and Yudhotomo, Unggul Satrio

Subjects
FINITE element method, LIGHT aircraft, STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics), ANTENNAS (Electronics), ALTITUDES
Abstract

LSA (Light Surveillance Aircraft) is utilized for surveillance missions, particularly emphasizing high endurance, extended range, and elevated altitudes. This aircraft comprises various integral components, including the fuselage accommodating two passengers, including the pilot, along with the inner wing, outer wing, main landing gear, and propeller. The pivotal element in any surveillance mission lies in the payload, which may encompass cameras, sensors, antennas, or transmitters. One crucial component associated with the surveillance mission of LSA is the Pod section on the inner wing. A structural analysis is imperative to ensure the aircraft's capability to accommodate such payloads during surveillance operations. Utilizing a model of the Payload Frame of the Pod, stress analysis has provided valuable stress contribution data through Finite Element Analysis (FEM) as part of the structural analysis process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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16. Bioassay-guided isolation of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors from Horsfieldia tomentosa fruits (Myristicaceae).

Author

Idris, Mohammed, Parumasivam, Thaigarajan, Awang, Khalijah, Zahari, Azeana, Litaudon, Marc, Apel, Cécile, Supratman, Unang, Che Omar, Mohammad Tasyriq, and Azmi, Mohamad Nurul

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia associated with the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in the brain, including beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles, as well as oxidative stress. The limited effectiveness of current medications in temporarily treating symptoms has driven interest in natural products for their diverse biological activities. This study investigates the bioactive potential of various extracts obtained from the fruits of Horsfieldia tomentosa , focusing on their antioxidant and anticholinesterase properties. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities were evaluated. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest bioactivity, with total flavonoid content (361.11 ± 26.24 mg QE/g), total phenolic content (1601.46 ± 1.23 mg GAE/g), antioxidant activity (1.81 ± 0.06 µg/L), and significant anticholinesterase activities (AChE = 6.0 ± 0.30 µg/mL; BuChE = 32.1 µg/mL). Three previously undescribed phenolic compounds along with four known compounds were purified from this extract. The assayed isolated compounds exhibit selective cholinesterase inhibition, with compound 2 showing the strongest activity (IC 50 value of 3.9 µM against AChE), while compound 1 was more effective against butyrylcholinesterase (IC 50 value of 7.8 µM). Molecular docking supported the in vitro findings, revealing binding energies of - 9.0 ± 0.5, - 8.5 ± 0.1, and - 8.3 ± 0.1 kcal mol−1 for compounds 1 , 2 and 5 , respectively, against butyrylcholine protease (6ESY). Compound 1 also showed significant binding energy (- 8.0 ± 0.1 kcal mol−1) against acetylcholine protease (4MOE). In these results, compound 2 acts as a dual inhibitor, while compounds 1 and 5 primarily inhibit butyrylcholinesterase. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of Horsfieldia tomentosa in treating Alzheimer's disease. [Display omitted] • The bioassay-guided isolation from Malaysian Horsfieldia tomentosa fruits (Myristicaceae) led to the isolation of 3 new compounds. • The IC 50 for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of the EtOAc extract was found to be effective, with 6.0 ± 0.3 μg/mL. • Compound 2 exhibited dual inhibition with IC 50 3.9 ± 0.2 μM for AChE and 9.4 ± 0.2 μM for BuChE. • This is the first report on Horsfieldia tomentosa and their biological activity as cholinesterase inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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17. Beyond individual-level factors that influence family planning uptake among women with diabetes mellitus: a systematic literature review.

Author

Idris, Idayu Badilla, Dahlan, Sarah Awang, Rahman, Rahana Abd, and Nawi, Azmawati Mohammed

Subjects
*FAMILY planning, *MEDICAL personnel, *PUBLIC health, *DIABETES, *MEDICAL sciences, *PRECONCEPTION care, *FAMILY planning services
Abstract

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among women increased consistently together with the increase in the overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus globally. One of the components in holistic diabetes care among women are preconception interventions. Family planning usage has been one of the components in preconception care among this group of population, especially among women with unoptimised diabetes mellitus, where family planning may allow disease optimisation prior to pregnancy. This systematic review thus aimed to synthesise evidences and improve understanding on the non-individual factors in influencing family planning practice among women with diabetes mellitus. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCOHost was systematically searched for empirical studies between 2000 and 2023 that discussed on factors that influenced family planning usage among women with diabetes. This systematic literature review was conducted in accordance to Joanna Briggs Institute's approach for conducting systematic review of associations. Factors were categorised to either individual and non-individual factors. Narrative synthesis approach was adopted that appropriately accommodates the heterogeneity of the reviewed studies. Results: A total of 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies included in this review mostly reported individual-level factors that influence family planning practice among women with diabetes mellitus which were mainly the presence of diseases and other sociodemographic characteristics. Only six studies reported factors beyond individual variables which include geographic region, access to care, opinion of significant others, healthcare providers' perception, role of doctors and types of service providers. Conclusions: This systematic review provides evidences that highlighted the gap in knowledge on variables that were beyond individual-level factors which influence family planning practice among women with diabetes mellitus. Further studies that explored structural and systemic factors may benefit future program planning to identify and target modifiable factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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19. The longitudinal effect of safety climate on safety behaviour: the role of extraversion and conscientiousness as moderators.

Author

Syed-Yahya, Sharifah N.N., Idris, Mohd Awang, Lee, Michelle C. C., and Tuckey, Michelle R.

Subjects
*MONTE Carlo method, *FIRE stations, *SENIOR leadership teams, *PERSONALITY, *HUMAN error, *EXTRAVERSION
Abstract

Up to 80% of workplace injuries and accidents are attributed to human error. In safety-critical occupations like firefighting, vigilant safety behaviour is essential to prevent avoidable incidents. While safety climate is known to foster safe behaviour, it remains unclear whether individual personality traits weaken this effect. Drawing on the theory of purposeful work behaviour, we explore how extraversion and conscientiousness influence the pathway through which safety climate impacts safety behaviour via safety motivation. We collected three waves of survey data from 322 firefighters across 46 fire stations in Malaysia. Using hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) and the Monte Carlo method, we tested the hypothesised moderation and mediation effects. Results show that safety climate indirectly influenced safety compliance through safety motivation but had no effect on safety participation. No evidence was found to support the moderating role of personality in the safety climate-behaviour relationship. These findings align with the theoretical principle that organisational safety norms play a significant role in shaping safety motivation and behaviour, regardless of individual personality traits. The study underscores the importance of senior management in promoting firefighter safety behaviour, sustaining motivation, and fostering desirable safety outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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20. Load Bearing Capacity and Failure Analysis of Fibrous Plaster Wads.

Author

Dams, Barrie, Awang-Ngah, Shamsiah, Stewart, John, Harrison, Robin, Ansell, Martin P., Harney, Marion, and Ball, Richard J.

Subjects
*PRESERVATION of historic buildings, *GLASS fibers, *FIBROUS composites, *FAILURE mode & effects analysis, *FAILURE analysis, *STEEL wire
Abstract

Fibrous plaster is a culturally significant material used in high-status buildings from the late nineteenth century. Fibrous plaster ceilings are typically suspended using load-bearing fibrous plaster wads, which are attached to roof structure components. Understanding the behaviour of wads is highly significant, with important safety implications emphasised by the partial collapse of the Apollo Theatre ceiling in 2013. This study demonstrates an original, innovative test method for fibrous plaster wads that enables quantification of load capacities, with manufactured specimens representative of historic in situ wads. The methodology is rigorously evaluated for traditional and alternative wad designs, reinforced with hessian scrim or continuous fibre glass (CFG) mat, with and without steel wires in looped (untwisted) or looped-twisted configurations. Tensile tests generated load-displacement characteristics and determined failure modes including cracking of plaster, deformation and tearing of fibrous reinforcement, and if present, plastic failure of a wire. Results demonstrate that hessian performs better than CFG in axial tension and inclusion of a wire increases tensile load capacity and ductility. An industry standard repair wad with hessian and looped-twisted wire can typically support 3 kN. Looped wire performed better in isolation than looped-twisted wire, with higher peak loads and greater ductility, while looped-twisted wire carried a greater load as part of a fibrous plaster composite wad. The test methodology and findings have revealed new insights into the mechanical behaviour of wads which will inform commercial practice and conservation of historic buildings, preserving important heritage and promoting safe longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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21. UNBOXING MICRO-CREDENTIALS FOR ODL UNIVERSITIES: COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT FOR HUMAN CAPITAL.

Author

RAGHAVAN, Santhi, SUBRAMANIAM, Nantha Kumar, and AWANG, Ahmad Izanee

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, HUMAN capital, JOB vacancies, UNIVERSITIES & colleges, DISTANCE education
Abstract

The rising prominence of micro-credentials started during the COVID-19 pandemic, where online resources offered competency-building opportunities for the work-from-home (WFH) human capital. During this pandemic, traditional universities faced total halt to face-to-face lectures, but ways paved for open and distance learning (ODL) universities to showcase their prowess in higher education by successfully continuing to offer programmes digitally. Lesson learnt from the lockdown, higher education institutions (HEIs) have begun implementing online programmes, including micro-credentials. This paper investigates the role of microcredentials in competency development and employment opportunities and the trends and challenges in offering micro-credentials. This study employed a triangulation approach for data collection from the workforce, universities, employers and statutory bodies. The findings indicated that the workforce desired more options to upgrade and upskill themselves, opting for shorter durations and lower fees. Employers surveyed, prefer employees with high-value skills and competencies. The findings also indicated that conventional HEIs have started to actively engage in short-term programmes for adult learners via ODL too. The implication of these findings indicates that ODL universities implementing micro-credentials must consider the acceptance and stackability of micro-credentials from different HEIs, with clear validation metrics, and allow transferability among ODL institutions in different countries, through AAOU as an international consortium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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22. Estimating T2DM Risks Among Teachers in a Developing Country Using a Nomogram Comprising the Healthy Lifestyle Index and Other Predictors.

Author

Ng, Yit Han, Moy, Foong Ming, Hairi, Noran Naqiah, and Bulgiba, Awang

Abstract

A nomogram provides a novel solution for assessing the risks of type 2 diabetes among teachers. This is particularly effective when the nomogram incorporates the Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) and relevant predictors. In this study, we followed up with a group of teachers from the CLUSTer cohort using RedCap and linked it with the Malaysian National Diabetes Registry. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the predictors associated with T2DM risk in teachers during the follow-up period. We translated our findings into an online interactive nomogram. A total of 3477 teachers were included in the study, of whom 697 (20.0%) were ultimately diagnosed with T2DM. The Cox regression model revealed that HLI and 11 other predictors were significantly associated with diabetes risks among teachers. A nomogram that predicted the risks of T2DM at five, seven, and nine years was developed. Of the 12 predictors, age, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and HLI contributed the most to the total score. Combining the HLI with other predictors in a nomogram allows teachers to assess their T2DM risks and take action to prevent the development of T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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23. The Reading Seed Program (RSP)'s Efficacy in Fostering Toddlers' Reading Habits in their Early Childhood Literacy.

Author

Rozaimie, Awang, Unin, Norseha, Johari, Aiza, and Jawi, Abdul Ismail Mohd

Subjects
LITERACY programs, READING, EMERGENT literacy, COGNITIVE styles, TODDLERS, HABIT
Abstract

The Reading Seed Programme (RSP), an in-house literacy program inaugurated by Sarawak's State Library (PUSTAKA Negeri Sarawak, Malaysia), has the potential to become the country's primary literacy initiative, particularly in terms of fostering a reading culture. The purpose of this paper is to empirically establish the reliability of survey measures as well as the feasibility of this toddler literacy program. The findings revealed that RSP capable enculturates effectively and has a significant positive impact on toddlers' reading ability. Nonetheless, the early childhood reading literacy program must consider each learner's unique learning style, incorporate updates or monitoring systems, improve training, develop a strategic plan outlining RSP outcomes, and clearly communicate the program's attitudinal components in relation to the desired results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025

24. An Integrated DEMATEL with Bipolar neutrsophic Dombi-based Heronian Mean Operator and Its Applications in Decision-making Problem.

Author

Yaacob, Siti Nurhidayah, Hashim, Hazwani, Sulaiman, Nor Hashimah, Awang, Noor Azzah, Al-Quran, Ashraf, and Abdullah, Lazim

Subjects
AGGREGATION (Statistics), DECISION making, NEUTROSOPHIC logic, ARITHMETIC mean, LINEAR operators
Abstract

The Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) approach is commonly used in examining and illustrating the relationship between different factors in a complex system. This paper proposes a novel approach that integrates the Bipolar neutrosophic Dombi-based IGWHM operator into the DEMATEL method, in which the criteria are analyzed by means of the cause-and-effect relationship diagram. The current studies on the classical DEMATEL approach have some limitations on the aggregation process, particularly in capturing the interrelationship of individual arguments by assessing their impact on each other within a complex system. To enhance the aggregation of complex information in the decision-making framework, the Bipolar neutrosophic Dombi-based Improved Generalized Weighted Heronian mean (IGWHM) operators are employed. The applicability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated when solving a selection of transport service providers. The ability of the method to highlight the intricate interdependencies and ranking criteria based on their importance. The sensitivity of the developed approach is observed with variations in the involved parameter. Moreover, a comparative analysis is made with other methods to demonstrate its validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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26. 30-day Morbidity and Mortality After Cholecystectomy for Benign Gallbladder Disease (AMBROSE)

Author

Wong, Geoffrey Yuet Mun, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Roth Cardoso, Victor, Bravo Merodio, Laura, Rajeev, Yashasvi, Maldonado, Ricardo David, Martinino, Alessandro, Balasubaramaniam, Vignesh, Ashraf, Aabid, Siddiqui, Adeela, Al-Shkirat, Ahmad Ghassan, Mohammed Abu-Elfatth, Ahmed, Gupta, Ajay, Alkaseek, Akram, Ouyahia, Amel, Said, Amira, Pandey, Anshuman, Kumar, Ashwani, Maqbool, Baila, Millán, Carlos Alberto, Singh, Cheena, Pantoja Pachajoa, Diana Alejandra, Adamovich, Dmitry Mikhailovich, Petracchi, Enrique, Ashraf, Fariha, Clementi, Marco, Mulita, Francesk, Marom, Gad Amram, Abdulaal, Gamaleldeen, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Calini, Giacomo, Moretto, Gianluigi, Elfeki, Hossam, Liang, Hui, Jalaawiy, Humam, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Das, Jayanta Kumar, Aceves-Ayala, Jose Miguel, Ahmed, Kazi T., Degrate, Luca, Aggarwal, Manisha, Omar, Mohammed Ahmed, Rais, Mounira, Elhadi, Muhammed, Sakran, Nasser, Bhojwani, Rajesh, Agarwalla, Ramesh, Kanaan, Samir, Erdene, Sarnai, Chooklin, Serge, Khuroo, Suhail, Dawani, Surrendar, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Fung, Tak Kwan James, Omarov, Taryel, Grigorean, Valentin Titus, Boras, Zdenko, Gkoutos, Georgios V., Singhal, Rishi, Mahawar, Kamal, Group:, TUGSS Multinational Audit Steering, Madhok, Brij, Graham, Yitka, Donohoe, Claire, Reira, Manel, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Vish, YKS, Jain, Rajesh, Elhadi, Muhammed, Popat, Sunil, Boddy, Alex, Jain, Vikas, Singhal, Rishi, Mahawar, Kamal, Coordinators:, TUGSS Multinational Audit Study, Martinino, Alessandro, Said, Amira, Marques, Cláudia Neves, Wazir, Ishaan, Pereira, Juan Pablo Scarano, Abouelazayem, Mohamed, Viswanath, Nakul, Sarodaya, Varun, Bala, Vignesh, Coordinators:, TUGSS Multinational Audit National, Homayoon, Roshan, Dogjani, Agron, Tidjane, Anisse, Antozzi, Luciano, Hong, Joshua, Omarov, Taryel, Dash, Anuj Kanti, Chokshi, Aishwarya, Wietzycoski, Cacio Ricardo, Petkov, Plamen, Mbonicura, Jean Claude, Yang, Wah, Zuluaga, Mauricio, Kraljik, Darko, Lincango Naranjo, Eddy P., Elghadban, Hosam Mohamed, Diaz, Angel, Gerogiannis, Ioannis, Mohammed, Adnan, Lazaros, Lazarou, Mulita, Francesk, Bhasker, Aparna Govil, Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Mahdi, Ahmed Salah, Kayyal, Mohd Yasser, Sakran, Nasser, Frattini, Francesco, Alabdallah, Nadeem Bilal, Sylvester, Kimutai Ronoh, Abdelhamid, Ibrahim, EL Fawal, Mohamad Hayssam, Allawgalli, Aiman Nuri, Dulskas, Audrius, Voon, Kelvin, Caruana, Clifford, Ballesteros, Guillermo Ponce De Leon, Erdene, Sarnai, Ouadii, Mouaqit, Nashidengo, Pueya Abdulrashid, Hazebroek, Eric, Gunawardene, Ashok, Adeyeye, Ademola, Shariff, Amir H., Liakopulos, Nicolas Juan, Toro-Huamanchumo, Carlos J., Waledziak, Maciej, Borges, Nuno, Shabbir, Azhar, Negoi, Ionut, Neimark, Aleksandr, Abouleid, Ayman, Kim, Guowei, Košir, Jurij Aleš, Ruiz Úcar, Elena, Hamid, Hytham K. S., Masri, Ruqaya, Ozmen, Mahir, Taha, Safwan, Goodman, Elliot, AL-Naggar, Hamza, Authors:, AMBROSE Audit Collaborative, Ghouali, Amin Khayreddine, Wafa, Benbrahmin, Allel, Sahli, Elkacem, Bouzenita Mohamed, Ibagherache, Razika, Ouyahia, Amel, Rais, Mounira, Seddik, El Hachemi, Kouicem, Aya Tinhinane, Abdoun, Meriem, Bouaoud, Souad, Boucenak, Kamel, Khalfa, Safia, Brahim, Bouflih, Tidjane, Anisse, Tabeti, Benali, Meharzi, Sif-El-Islem, Larbi, Hakim, Derdous, Reda, Abderaouf, Bettahar, Bouregba, Nadjette, Boukaaabeche, Fouad, Djeroua, Kamel, Sabrin, Naît Ali, Khennaf, Leila, Mesli, Smain Nabil, Ghouali, Amin Khayreddine, Aissat, Abdelnour, Pantoja Pachajoa, Diana Alejandra, Alvarez, Fernando Andrés, Milagros, Nicole Benitez, Medrano Ortiz Palombarini, Valentina Cecilia, Petracchi, Enrique, Quesada, Matias, Canullan, Carlos, Varela, Jose, Posada, Hector, Du Plessis, Cristina, Valenzuela, José Ignacio, Zurita, Melissa Andrea Fernandez, Nasim, Sana, Bowles, Thomas Alexander, Yeboah, Edward, Nair, Roshan, Felsenreich, Daniel Moritz, Omarov, Taryel, Allahverdiyeva, Nigar, Abizade, Rashad, Adamovich, Dmitry Mikhailovich, Barreiro, Thiago Alvim, Cunha, Hercio Azevedo de Vasconcelos, Castilho, Michel Victor, Ferreira, Rafael Meneguzzi Alves, Legati Junior, Ronaldo, Dias, Lorenzo, Wietzycoski, Cacio, Jacobi, Everton Walter, Julianov, Alexander, Saroglu, Azize, Yuruk, Shaban, Dimov, Rosen, Ivanov, Valentin, Dardanov, Dragomir, Yang, Wah, Wei, Zhuoqi, Liang, Hui, Millán, Carlos A., Urbina, Mónica, Cubieros, Jorge, Acosta, Shary, Jiménez, Julián, Boras, Zdenko, Vlahović, Ivan, Koronakis, Nikolaos, González, Ricardo Andrés Buenaño, Ojeda, Cintya Anabel Llerena, Aspiazu-Briones, Cristhian Gonzalo, Martinez-Espinoza, Dario Javier, Rivas-Torres, Eduardo Antonio, Lincango Naranjo, Eddy P., Aldabash, Lama, Shaat, Iman, Alsayed, Mohamed Moneer Abulfotooh, Bali, Eslam, Ayoub, Mohamed Abdel Maksoud, Mohamed, Mohamed, AL Sayed, Mohamed, Elshinnawy, Azza Mohamed Gaber, Tayiawi, Mosaab, Abu-Elfatth, Ahmed Mohammed, Mohamed, Ahmed Emadelden, Elzayat, Ibrahim, Hassan, Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Mohamed, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, EL-Kassas, Mohamed, Omar, Wael, Tawheed, Ahmed, Elfeki, Hossam, Shalaby, Mostafa, Sakr, Ahmad, Elghrieb, Ahmed Ezzat, Warda, Hisham Hazem, Sadek, Mirna, Mostafa, Mohamed, Elghadban, Hosam, Awad, Selmy, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, Maghraby, Ahmed Mostafa, Saleem, Abd-El-Aal Ali, Mahmoud, Ahmed Gaber, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, Maghraby, Ahmed Mostafa, Saleem, Abd-El-Aal Ali, Mahmoud, Ahmed Gaber, Gebril, Mahmoud, Omar, Mohammed Ahmed, Safy, Ahmed Mohamed, Saada, Ahmed, Mohamed Ads, Alaa, Diaz, Angel, Gutiérrez, Emmanuel, Salinas, Hanton, Zimmermann, Perrine, Rhaiem, Rami, Kianmanesh, Reza, Efthymiou, Evripidis, Konstantinidis, Sergios, Drogouti, Maria, Katsourakis, Anastasios, Papadoliopoulou, Maria, Michalopoulos, Nikolaos V., Sidiropoulos, Theodoros A., Kokoropoulos, Panagiotis, Ioannidis, Argyrios, Konstantinidis, Michael, Charalampakis, Vasileios, Sotiropoulou, Maria, Pantelis, Athanasios G., Kapiris, Stylianos, Tsiampas, Ioannis, Tseliou, Vasiliki, Paspala, Anna, Nastos, Constantinos, Ioannidis, Orestis, Symeonidis, Savvas, Anestiadou, Elissavet, Zapsalis, Konstantinos, Machairas, Nikolaos, Keramida, Myrto D., Dorovinis, Panagiotis, Kyakalos, Stylianos, Stavratis, Fotios, Papadopoulos, Aristeidis, Manioti, Eleni, Mouzakis, Odysseas, Nikolaou, Vassiliki, Barkolias, Evangelos, Mulita, Francesk, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vasileios, Mousafeiris, Triantafyllou, Alexandra, Triantafyllou, Tania, Matthaiou, Georgia, Frountzas, Maximos, Toutouzas, Konstantinos G., Tampaki, Ekaterini Christina, Bellou, Olga, Papazacharias, Christos, Moris, Dimitrios, Felekouras, Evangelos, Stamou, Konstantinos, Tsiotos, Gregory, Fanidou, Domna, Drakos, Panagiotis Alexandros, Schizas, Dimitrios, Syllaios, Athanasios, Vailas, Michail, Georgiadou, Despoina, Zampitis, Nikolaos, Marinis, Athanasios, Stefou, Fotini, Melachroinopoulos, Nikolaos, Papaconstantinou, Dimitrios, Dellaportas, Dionysios, Lykoudis, Panagis, Lasithiotakis, Konstantinos, Magouliotis, Dimitrios, Zacharoulis, Dimitris, Laliotis, Aggelos, Gkionis, Ioannis, Baksi, Aditya, Lodha, Mahendra, Kaur, Supreet, Guha, Shanto Shila, Gupta, Amit, Rajput, Deepak, Sharma, Oshin, Huda, Farhanul, Hassan, Mohsin, Singh, Sudhir Kumar, Basu, Somprakas, Kumar, Navin, Mallik, Dhiraj, David, Lena Elizabath, Agrawal, Aditi, Pillai, Vinod G., Muralee, Meera, Haque, Parvez David, Veetil, Sreejith Kannumal, Mahajan, Amit, Jain, Deepak, Annareddy, Dinakar Reddy, Bahadur, Akshay, Bisht, Shankar Dutt, Kashmira, Mayank, Shukla, Ashish, Pandey, Anshuman, Sarda, Hitesh, Agarwalla, Ramesh, Kumar, Ashwani, Aggarwal, Manisha, Sharma, Akanksha, Paras, Alagarsamy, Raghuraman, Chokkalingam, Gangalakshmi, Bhalla, Bhavneet Singh, Ahamad, Mohammad Nafees, Ahmad, Nabeel, Oommen, Ashok Ninan, Subbarayan, Shankar, Mohan, Karthikeyan, Ashraf, Aabid, Singh, Cheena, Jaswal, Kamaljeet S., Minhas, S. S., Bains, Lovenish, Lal, Pawanindra, Das, Jayanta K., Rangad, Gordon M., Lepcha, Alfred, Kynjing, Hampher, Islam, Md Samsul, Shangpliang, Virginia, Thota, Anuroop, Pinnamraju, Karthikeya, Surapaneni, Sushama, Gurram, Ram Prakash, Reddy, Mandapati Mallikarjuna, Inteti, Kamalesh, Srikanth, V., Reddy, V. Jayapala, Parikh, Chirag, Shah, Shakshi, Chaudhary, Priya, Bhojwani, Rajesh, Gupt, Pranoy, Srimal, Ankur, Sharma, Abadhesh, Tayal, Nikhil, Ramu, Gopi, Paul, Ratnadeep, Khuroo, Suhail, Wani, Ajaz, Gusani, Rajat, Gupta, Rahul, Khanduri, Archana, Singh, Arvind, Singh, Sudhir, Pokharia, Pradip, Sharma, Ankur, Venkatappa, Sunil Kumar, Soni, Vishal, Suprapto, Bambang, Tobroni, Ahmad, Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Mousavimaleki, Ali, Eghbali, Foolad, Eghbali, Foodlad, Mashkouri, Nazanin, Jasim, Ali, Kadhim, Nammer, Jalaawiy, Humam, Sakran, Nasser, Haj, Bassel, Asadi, Ahmad, Marom, Gad Amram, Szydlo, Gabriel Shein, Demma, Jonathan Abraham, Pikarasy, Alon J., Targa, Simone, Buzzi, Gianluca, Sanna, Andrea, Currò, Giuseppe, Ammendola, Michele, Palomba, Giuseppe, Aprea, Giovanni, Capuano, Marianna, Basile, Raffaele, Argenio, Giulio, Annecchiarico, Mario, Ferraro, Daniele, Cacciatore, Chiara, Vennarecci, Giovanni, Granieri, Stefano, Bonomi, Alessandro, Frontali, Alice, Cotsoglou, Christian, Centonze, Danilo, Licciardello, Alessio, Martines, Gennaro, Tomasicchio, Giovanni, Veroux, Massimiliano, Gioco, Rossella, Distefano, Costanza, calabrò, Marcello, Caputo, Damiano, LA Vaccara, Vincenzo, Cammarata, Roberto, Farolfi, Tommaso, Degrate, Luca, adjei antwi, Stella Konadu, Brisinda, Giuseppe, Fico, Valeria, Mirco, Paolo, Biondi, Alberto, Persiani, Roberto, Giovinazzo, Francesco, Frongillo, Francesco, Evola, Giuseppe, Ferrara, Francesco, Altomare, Michele, Benuzzi, Laura, Pezzoli, Isabella, Borghi, Alessandra, Cimbanassi, Stefania, Dapri, Giovanni, Nessi, Chiara, Bianco, Federica, Uccelli, Fara Margherita Letizia, Viganò, Luca, Cordaro, Giuseppe, Dionigi, Gianlorenzo, Pino, Antonella, Morezzi, Daniele, Rizzo, Roberta, Convertini, Girolamo, Vallicelli, Carlo, Catena, Fausto, Verdi, Daunia, Mondi, Isabella, Da Lio, Corrado, Loss, Greta, D'acapito, Fabrizio, Di Pietrantonio, Daniela, Tauceri, Francesca, Ercolani, Giorgio, Bottino, Vincenzo, Bosco, Alfonso, Canfora, Alfonso, Chiappetta, Sonja, Frattini, Francesco, Rizzi, Andrea, Breda, Marta, Quaglino, Francesco, Festa, Federico, Savasta, Francesca Maria Chiara, Fiore, Alessia, Soncini, Stefania, Giordano, Alessio, Carganico, Giacomo, Cocchi, Lorenzo, Epis, Lorenzo, Moretto, Gianluigi, Casaril, Andrea, Inama, Marco, Harmony, Impellizzeri, Michail, Creciun, Alessandro, Vitali, Piazza, Martina, Basile, Guido, Pinotti, Enrico, Lapolla, Pierfrancesco, Mingoli, Andrea, Brachini, Gioia, Cirillo, Bruno, Campanelli, Michela, Gentileschi, Paolo, Rossi, Stefano, Picardi, Biagio, Savia, Eleonora, Olmi, Stefano, Uccelli, Matteo, Balla, Andrea, Lepiane, Pasquale, Saraceno, Federica, Coppola, Alessandro, Clementi, Marco, Paniccia, Federico, Grasso, Antonella, Tartaglia, Nicola, Pavone, Giovanna, Ambrosi, Antonio, Angelico, Roberta, Manzia, Tommaso Maria, Materazzo, Marco, Tisone, Giuseppe, Calini, Giacomo, Bresadola, Vittorio, Morinelli, Vittoria, Matucci-Cerinic, Pietro, Michelutti, Luca, Luzzi, Andrea-Pierre, Romairone, Emanuele, Carrabetta, Salvatore, Marzorati, Sara, Khamees, Almu'atasim, Mohammad, Alyaman Meizer, Alananzeh, Samah, AL Momani, Salam, Hijazin, Nadeen, Tarawneh, Shahd Abdulhadi, Alheji, Hazim, Alhajji, Amer, AL-Shkirat, Ahmad Ghassan, Alzoubi, Mohammad N., AL Manasra, Abdel Rahman Abdullah, Elayyan, Rasheed, Jamous, Hussam, Dardour, Mohammad, Mahafdah, Mahmoud Rawhi, AL Hammoud, Amr Ahmad, AL Quran, Mahmoud, Bosire, Friday, Zakaria, Ramy Magdy, Abdullah, Hawraa Reda, Tarboush, Abdullah, Hasan, Wisam Abraheem, Kredan, Ali Abdulnasir, Zreeg, Dafer, Muftah, Aiman, Koshlaf, Abdulmajeed, Albadi, Doaa, Abunaaja, Hayat Omar, Otman, Rema, Ben Hamida, Bahaeddin, Amnaina, Mohamed Gamal, Alhaddad, Hayfa Faraj, Shuaip, Nouran Musbah, Buderbala, Yasmeen, Hamad, Ahmad Faraj, Shames, Haitam, Bakeer, Hiba Bileid, Alkaseek, Akram, Shalabi, Laila Esnoussi, Alhadi, Aliya Salih, Ahjaaz, Mabroukah A. A., Zgheel, Usama, Abdulmoula, Zenab, Younis, Hoda, Aboubeirah, Mohammed Khayri, Binnawara, Muhannud Hassan, Arebi, Jaber Abdusslam, Alboueishi, Asraa Ali, Mohammed Ammar, Sara, Abdedalmajed Rhuma, Heba, Alsori Alharari, Mohamed, Endisha, Salahaldin Emhemmed, Ng, Chin E'ng, Lee, Yu Wei, Tay, Yen Zhir, Abdul Manan, Nurhidayah, Tajul Arifin, Mohd Syazwan, Khairul Anuar, Ariff Solihin, Kumar, Neeraj, Maiyauen, Thanesh Kumar, Zakari, Andee Dzulkarnaen, Fathi, Mohd Azem, Izhar, Mas Izzati, Awang Dahlan, Dayang Azzyati, Mokhtar, Suryati, Samsudin, Syakirah, Jaktaram Singh, Balraj Singh, Arumugam, Mohanasundram Pillai, Theevashini, Krishnasamy, Manap, Shaiful Amir, Yong, Chon Woon, Mohamed Nabil, Mohamed Nazri, Lim, Jolene Sze Huey, Voon, Kelvin, Cheng, Shi Yu, Amanullah, Muhammad Mubarak, Ahmed, Nurzarina, Lim, I. Vern, Mazlan, Mohd Rashid, Sivananthan, Asokumar, Yussra, Yusoff, Puvisny, Shanmugam Nathan, Chua, Ian Bin, Sharman, Matthew, Siow, Sze Li, Axiak, Jessica, Dowling, Jessica, Portelli, Mark, Caruana, Clifford, Beristain-Hernandez, Jose-Luis, Vazquez-Romero, Odette-Desiree, Jaime-Silva, Jessica, Cadena-Guzman, Joaquin-Homar, Aceves-Ayala, Jose Miguel, Treviño -Meza, Jasmin Marielena, Erik, Efrain-Sosa-Duran, Guzman-Águilar, Rafael, María, Zuñiga, Jose Edusrdo, Pinto Angulo, Victor Manuel, Trejo-Avila, Mario, Bozada-Gutierrez, Katya, Carrion, Christian, Gómez-Herrera, María Norma, García-Gómez, Aurora, Pimentel Melendez, Samuel Arnulfo, Bautista Martinez, Abelardo Olaf, Nuñez DE LA Rosa, Sofia, Inchaustegui Tinajero, Jose, Sordo Lima, Diego Ervey, Pérez-Soto, Rafael Humberto, Hernández-Acevedo, Juan David, Domínguez-Rosado, Ismael, Mercado-Díaz, Miguel Ángel, Sierra-Salazar, Mauricio, Pimienta, Ana, Erdene, Sarnai, Sandag, Erdene, Orgoi, Sergelen, Ochir, Chimedsuren, Batmunkh, Munkhbat, Ouazzani, Et-tayab, EL Fdili, Mostafa, Hassani Ibn Majdoub, Karim, Mazaz, Khalid, Errachidy, Meriem, Mekondjo Nashidengo, Pueya, William Quayson, Francis, Tabiri Abebrese, John, Sushmita Seibes, Sharifa, Tjipetekera, Rejoice, Lim, Yukai, Haimona, Mairarangi, Mcclean, Sophie F., Rodriguez, Shaymar Eddylena Gutierrez Rodriguez, Lopez, Acris Arnoldo Arauz Lopez, Adetoyese Adeyeye, Ademola, Nwabuoku, Emeka Stanley, Mohammed Bello, Usman, Musa Umar, Bashir, Makama, Jerry Godfrey, Aminu, Bashir, Oriakhi, Steve-nation Nehiweze, Mosanya, Arinzechukwu Obi, Omon, Henry Ehidiamen, Wuraola, Funmilola Olanike, Ishola, Adegoke, Ulasi, Ikechukwu, Irowa, Omorodion O., Agbonrofo, Peter I., Irmiya, Solomon, Ammar, Ahmed Siddique, Khattak, Shehrbano, Qureshi, Sajid, Bashir, Nida Wahid, Jalal, Hira, Kamran, Ali, Sultan, Rizwan, Fatima, Mishal, Ali, Muhammad, Farooq, Omama, Khan, Muhammad Taha Junaid, Soomro, Umar, Saleem, Amna, Khawaja, Uzzam Ahmed, Martins, Russell Seth, Dawani, Surrendar, Siddiqui, Adeela, Khan, Madiha Masood, Jafferi, Salman, Faizi, Tashaba Qaiser, Talib, Vikash, Ali, Danish, Javed, Mahad Hassan, Rasheed, M. Ahsan, Mughal, Javeed, Ijaz, Nadeem, Rehman, Imtiaz ur, Aurangzeb, Mahmud, Ahmed, Nisar, Jan, Zaka Ullah, Khan, Shahzeb, Aziz, Sarmad Saeed, Shamim Afridi, Shehzadi Ghazala, Maroof, Syed Asad, Khan, Muhammad Imaran, Zarin, Muhammad, Naz, Farah, Jan, Zakaullah, Asghar, Syed Tanseer, Ali, Sana, Azam, Saim, Jalil, Hira, Naqvi, Hasham, Ashraf, Fariha, Siddiqui, Tayyab, Murataza, Ghulam, Bari, Hassaan, Ahmed, Hassan, Jayyab, Mustafa Abu, AL-Dahdouh, Mosheer, Echeverria, R. Rainer, Mendoza, Mario Ynoue, Kisielewski, Michal, Stefura, Tomasz, Richter, Karolina, Klos, Nikola, Walędziak, Maciej, Bartosiak, Katarzyna, Komorowska, Katarzyna, Silvestre, Miguel Trigo, Santos, Cláudia, Gil, Isabela, Cardoso, Vasco Silva, Melo, Miguel Rocha, Lima, Rita, Bolota, Joana, Cotovio, Manuel, Grigorean, Valentin Titus, Stoian, Alexandru Rares, Diana Andreea, Draghici, Toma, Elena A., Lunca, Sorinel, Zarnescu, Narcis, Costea, Radu Virgil, Litvin, Andrey, Aljohani, Emad, Zaid, AbdelNasser, Shaar, Khalid, Awaf, Khalid, Zakarneh, Eman, Alowayrdi, Tumadher, Alyami, Fatimah, Alamer, Adam, Taha, Mohamed Y., Chowdhury, Sharfuddin, Alshahrani, Salem, Panyko, Arpád, Košir, Jurij Aleš, Grosek, Jan, Tomažič, Aleš, Pintar, Tadeja, Ruiz Úcar, Elena, Castro, Ernest, Sambrano, David, Garcia-Dominguez, Rafael, Tusa, Claudio, Landaluce-Olavarria, Aitor, Estraviz-Mateos, Begoña, González, Jaime, Roca, Begoña, Jayarajah, Umesh, Subasinghe, Duminda, Sivaganesh, Sivasuriya, Hamid, Hytham K. S., Galal-Eldin, Sami, Eldirdiri, Sami, Elnour, Moheyaldien, Asaad, Nada, Mohammed, Musab, Hassan, Luden Saifaldawla, Mohamed, Khalid Osman, Abdelrahman, Salma Ahmed, Alsadeg, Hajer, Ali, Ahmed Altigani Elhadi, Elsiddig Musa, Reem Abdalla, Sarih, Monira, Ismail, Samir, Ahmed, Omer Albasher Almaki, Taj Eldeen, Samaher Taj Eldeen Hassan, Elsiddig, Kamal Elzaki, Elhasan, Mohamed Elghazali Ahmed Basheer, Karamelghani, Mohammed A. F., Mohammed, Ozaz, Adam, Albushra Altayeb, Barakat, Habab Osman, Elhadi, Rawan Elnoman, Alnaji, Abdallh Abdalmajid, Mohamed, Esraa Hamza Abdel Ghani, AL Houri, Hasan, Alhouri, Ahmad, Soliman, Alnour Khmeis, AL Ahmad, Mohamad, Kayali, Ahmad Amir, Nasani, Mohannad, Nerabani, Yaman, Ashkar, Eman, Sawas, Mohamad Nabhan, Aldirani, Alaa N., Zahreddin, Amnah, Alasmar, Ammar M., Hasan, Lilav, Alhosen, Mohammed Alahmed, Klib, Mohamad, Rahman Hammadieh, Abdul, Chikh Salem, Mhd Tarek, Ghandour, Munir, Sara, Samer, Kara Tahhan, Nour, Albani, Nour, Alsaid, Bayan, Ahmad, Basel, Almaydaani, Mohamad, Abbas, Morhaf, Nanaa, Mohamad, Aloulou, Mohammad, Kudra Danial, Aghyad, Khaled, Ahmad, Latouf, Rama, Saeed, Diyala, Ghazal, Ahmad, Masri, Ruqaya, Hamdan, Ola, Ayoub, Kusay, Kadoura, Lama, Atli, Abd Alazeez, Zayat, Hussein, Niazi, Ammar, Dabbit, Abdallah, Dahrouj, Wissam, Alhaj, Ahmad, Dabbagh, Ezeddin, Aldaher, Mohammad, Bsata, Adel, Shahrour, Mohamad Zaher, Khusruf, M. Akram, Wali, Tayssier, Aldroubi, Mohammad Tayeb, Almoshantaf, Mohammad Badr, Alahmad, Mohammad Abdullah, Leen, Jamil, AL-Nokta, Aya, Bakri, Ashraf, Arnaout, Ahmad Yamen, Ibrahim, Hamza, Nastah, Samer, Kanaan, Samir, Rasheed, Omeed, Mohammad, Alttaher, Bokal, Zied, Gafsi, Besma, Baccar, Marwen, AMMAR, Houssem, Ermis, Ilker, Tokocin, Merve, Kabuli, Hamit Ahmet, Tokocin, Onur, Ergenç, Muhammer, Gülşen, Taygun, Erginöz, Ergin, Uludağ, Server Sezgin, Bozkir, Haktan Övül, Zengin, Kağan, Özçelik, Mehmet Faik, Zarbaliyev, Elbrus, Çağlikülekçi, Mehmet, Böler, Deniz, Aktokmakyan, Talar Vartanoglu, Peksen, Caghan, Savas, Osman Anil, Sumer, Aziz, Guldogan, Cem Emir, Ozmen, Mahir, Kaplan, Mehmet, Colak, Elif, Şanli, Ahmet Necati, Kilani, Ayoub Ibrahim, Kamer, Erdinc, Namdaroglu, Ozan, Ahmed, Fuad, Marzouk, Ahmed, Harbinson, Daniel, Abdulrahman, Hassal, Ali, Heba, Abousamra, Mohamed, Di Maggio, Francesco, Abushawaly, Amr, Badawi, Marwa, Rahman, Atiqur, Jenner, Deborah, Said, Amira, Ahmed, Kazi, Watali, Yawar, Soggiu, Fiammetta, Sheth, Hemant, Drymousis, Panagiotis, Caterson, Jessica, Mehmood, Saqib, Wadhawan, Himanshu, Strachan, David, Mcelroy, Luke, Chauhan, Munish, Morgan, Richard, Mamun, Muhammad, Tora, Mir, Shamali, Awad, ML Williamson, James, Slim, Naim, Mark, Safiya, Huppler, Lucy, Crane, Sophie, Mcgrath, Polly, Fung, James Tak Kwan, Kok, Siu Yan, Bond-Smith, Giles, Dawani, Aruna, Shamardal, Aliaa, Ahmed, Mohammed M. Madi, Obasi, Chekwas, Gala, Tanzeela, Elshaer, Ahmed Mohammed, Warner, Sian, Nathadwarawala, Pooja, Askari, Alan, Pandanaboyana, Sanjay, Thakkar, Rohan, Barbour, Fraser, Finch, Jonathan Guy, Habib, Helai, Ansong, Eric, Attard, Joseph, Aujayeb, Avinash, Gupta, Ajay, Fale, Madeleine, Gupta, Anuj, Gajdhar, Aniq, Fareed, Khaleel, Elfeky, Mohamed Abdelfattah, Ashry, Mohamed, Kaur, Mandeep, Faycal Mirghani, Shaza, Tanveer, Yousaf, Albendary, Mohamed, Bhattacharya, Pratik, Abdulaal, Gamaleldeen, Ghufran, Muhammad Ali, Ghanem, Ahmed, Leong, Darren, Mamidanna, Ravikrishna, Aamery, Amaar, Tewari, Nilanjana, Williams, Greg, Tariq, Hamza, Klair, Anjeevan Kaur, Jones, Katie, Selvachandran, Haran, Day, Arthur, Ajmani, Adesh, Parmar, Chetan, Bosch, Karen, Young, Richard, Chan, Alvina, Silva, Yashodha, Kureci, Abdulrahman, Paranyak, Mykola, Shepetko-Dombrovskii, Oleksii, Chooklin, Serge, Chuklin, Serhii, Dutka, Yaromyr, Maqbool, Baila, Gill, Ali Abdullah, Jan, Azalea, Murali, Tharani, Alhajami, Faris, Atiah, Nora, Nadeesh, Areej, and Almaqdi, Sarah

Published
2025
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27. A Diamond in More Ways Than One.

Author

Bulgiba, Awang

Abstract

The article discusses the significant contributions of the University of Malaya's Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (SPM) to public health education and research over the past 50 years. Topics include the evolution of the Master of Public Health (MPH) program, the establishment of two research centers, and the department's impact on public health policy and training.

Published
2025
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28. Thermo-Mechanical and Material Flow Characteristics of Tool Sequencing Dynamics in Refill FSSW of Thin Alclad AA7075-T6 Sheets: Numerical Analysis using Meshless Smoothed-Particle Hydrodynamics Method

Author

Janga, Venkata Somi Reddy, Awang, Mokhtar, Sallih, Nabihah, and Lemma, Tamiru Alemu

Abstract

•The Thermo-Mechanical and Material Flow characteristics of a novel tool sequencing variant – Probe Plunging Reinforced Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Process is presented with a comparison to the existing Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding process for joining thin Alclad AA7075-T6 sheets.•An advanced meshless smoothed-particle hydrodynamic meshing was used to accurately model the dynamic physics involved in the process.•The novel tool sequencing enhances the plasticization and material mixing in the stir zone, thereby solving the bonding ligament defect for joining specimens with cladding when compared to the existing Refill FSSW process.•The visualization of alclad distribution, material mixing, and thermo-mechanical characteristics are improved by using SPH formulation when compared to existing grid-based meshing techniques.

Published
2025
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29. Simultaneous production during biogas upgrading: foundational insights from numerical simulation of dual-reflux pressure swing adsorption

Author

Bahrun, Mohd Hardyianto Vai, Bono, Awang, Othman, Norasikin, and Zaini, Muhammad Abbas Ahmad

Abstract

Biogas upgrading is a key step in improving the properties of biogas, particularly its methane concentration and, consequently, its energy content, by separating carbon dioxide. This process holds significant environmental and economic relevance, especially when high-purity methane and carbon dioxide can be simultaneously produced. In this regard, dual-reflux pressure swing adsorption (DR-PSA) emerges as a promising technology that achieves the separation objective. In this study, a numerical simulation model of a non-isothermal DR-PSA was established using the Aspen Adsorption simulation tool to evaluate the dynamics of the system for binary separation of biogas feed mixture containing 45mol% CO2+ 55mol% CH4, using a CO2-selective silica gel as the solid adsorbent. The goal was to provide preliminary insights into the capability of the DR-PSA process (with silica gel) to produce two useful products, CH4and CO2, under typical biogas feed conditions. The behaviour of the DR-PSA is described through pressure and temperature profiles within the bed column at cyclic steady-state conditions. The results indicate that, under preliminary unoptimized conditions, 86.0% of CH4could be recovered with a purity of 85.8% as a light product, whereas CO2enriched to 82.9% was achievable as a heavy product, with a recovery of 82.9%, using a pressure ratio, PH/PLof 5. Further work is recommended to investigate several operating parameters to achieve optimal binary separation with the highest possible recoveries.

Published
2025
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30. Endosulfan Exposure Reduced Fertilization, Hatching, and Survival Rate of the Lemon Fin Barb Hybrid Eggs and Larvae

Author

Muhammad Nur Fikri Mohd Nazri, Mazlina Mazlan, Muhammad Fadhil Syukri Ismail, Rozaini Mohd Zohdi, and Awang Hazmi Awang Junaidi

Subjects
endosulfan, hatching, fertilization, lemon fin barb hybrid, survival, Zoology, QL1-991, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Animal biochemistry, QP501-801
Abstract

Endosulfan (ES) is an organochlorine insecticide that has been extensively used in agricultural production. Despite being banned globally, the production and illegal use of ES continue in certain countries, raising concerns about their impact on the environment and human health. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of ES on the fertilization, hatching, and survival rate of the lemon fin barb hybrid (LFBH; Hypsibarbus wetmorei × Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) eggs and larvae. A pair of LFBH was used as the broodstock. The sperm and eggs harvested via the stripping method were mixed and exposed to different concentrations of ES (0 ppm, or control; 0.01 ppm, 0.1 ppm, or 1 ppm). The fertilization and hatching rates were evaluated in vitro at 3 and 18 hours post-exposure, respectively. The survival rate of the larvae was assessed at 24, 48, and 72 hours post-hatching. The fertilization and hatching rates of the LFBH eggs treated with 1 ppm ES (44.24±4.6% and 18.54±2.8%, respectively) were significantly lower (p < /em>

Published
2025
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31. Sesquiterpenoids from Dysoxylum amooroides Stem Bark: Isolation, Structure Determination, and Cytotoxicity Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells

Author

Latifah Gunawan, Hidayat Nurul Mustofa, Al Arofatus Naini, Desi Harneti, Ace Tatang Hidayat, Nurlelasari Nurlelasari, Rani Maharani, Tri Mayanti, Sofa Fajriah, Khalijah Awang, Mohamad Nurul Azmi, and Unang Supratman

Subjects
cytotoxic activity, dysoxylum amooroides, mcf-7, sesquiterpenoids, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Three sesquiterpenoids, guaianediol (1), alismol (2), and spathulenol (3), were isolated from the n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of the stem bark of Dysoxylum amooroides. The three compounds were found in D. amooroides species for the first time. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified and established based on an extensive spectroscopic analysis involving HR-TOF-ESI-MS, IR, and NMR data, as well as a comparison with the previously reported works of literature. Compounds 1-3 were further assessed for cytotoxic effects against MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Guaianediol (1) showed inactive activity with IC50 > 100 µM, alismol (2) showed weak activity with IC50 value of 82.1 µM and spathulenol (3) showed considerable activity with an IC50 value of 15.2 µM. A brief structure-activity relationship and comparison with the previous works were also discussed to understand better the role of guaiane- and aromadendrane-type sesquiterpenoids in the biological activity perspective.

Published
2025
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32. Study of Crystal Structure, Lattice Strain, and Elemental Content of Natural Iron Sand Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Coprecipitation Method

Author

Tulus Na Duma, Syahrul Humaidi, Erna Frida, Mohd. Mustafa Awang Kechik, Muhammadin Hamid, Martha Rianna, Novita, Rahmadhani Banurea, Norazimah Mohd Yusof, and Nur Jannah Azman

Subjects
crystal structure, coprecipitation, iron sand, lattice strain, magnetite nanoparticles, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles from iron sand collected from the Bah Bolon River in Indonesia, using the coprecipitation method with NaOH and NH4OH as precipitants. The results showed that based on SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy) analysis, the Fe content of the raw iron sand, initially at 34.76%, increased to 45.50% following synthesis with NH4OH, indicating enhanced purity in the final product. SEM observations found average particle sizes of approximately 53 nm for nanoparticles synthesized with NaOH and 20 nm for those synthesized with NH4OH. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the synthesized nanoparticles retain the magnetite (Fe3O4) phase with a face-centered cubic (FCC) spinel structure. Crystallite size calculations using the Scherrer equation yielded average crystallite sizes of 80.194 nm for NaOH-synthesized samples and 15.124 nm for NH4OH-synthesized samples, demonstrating that NH4OH favors the formation of smaller crystallites. Lattice strain analysis through the Williamson-Hall method showed positive tensile strain values for all samples, indicating structural tension within the crystal lattice. The NH4OH-synthesized nanoparticles had slightly higher lattice strain, suggesting that synthesis conditions impact both crystallite size and lattice tension. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that NH4OH was more effective than NaOH in producing high-purity, small-crystallite magnetite nanoparticles from natural iron sand, with potential implications for enhanced material properties.

Published
2025
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33. Deciphering abbreviations in Malaysian clinical notes using machine learning.

Author

Mohd Sulaiman I, Bulgiba A, Kareem SA, and Latip AA

Abstract

Objective: This is the first Malaysian machine learning model to detect and disambiguate abbreviations in clinical notes. The model has been designed to be incorporated into MyHarmony, a Natural Language Processing system, that extracts clinical information for healthcare management. The model utilizes word embedding to ensure feasibility of use, not in real-time but for secondary analysis, within the constraints of low-resource settings., Methods: A Malaysian clinical embedding, based on Word2Vec model, was developed using 29,895 electronic discharge summaries. The embedding was compared against conventional rule-based and FastText embedding on two tasks: abbreviation detection and abbreviation disambiguation. Machine Learning classifiers were applied to assess performance., Results: The Malaysian clinical word embedding contained 7 million word-tokens, 24,352 unique vocabularies, and 100 dimensions. For abbreviation detection, the Decision Tree classifier augmented with the Malaysian clinical embedding showed the best performance (F-score of 0.9519). For abbreviation disambiguation, the classifier with the Malaysian clinical embedding had the best performance for most of the abbreviations (F-score of 0.9903)., Conclusion: Despite having a smaller vocabulary and dimension, our local clinical word embedding performed better than the larger non-clinical FastText embedding. Word embedding with simple machine learning algorithms can decipher abbreviations well. It also requires lower computational resources and is suitable for implementation in low-resource settings such as Malaysia. The integration of this model into MyHarmony will improve recognition of clinical terms, thus improving the information generated for monitoring Malaysian healthcare services and policymaking., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)

Published
2025
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