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Machine learning (ML) has become pervasive in various research fields, including binaural synthesis personalization, which is crucial for sound in immersive virtual environments. Researchers have mainly addressed this topic by estimating the individual head-related transfer function (HRTF). HRTFs are utilized to render audio signals at specific spatial positions, thereby simulating real-world sound wave interactions with the human body. As such, an HRTF that is compliant with individual characteristics enhances the realism of the binaural simulation. This survey systematically examines the HRTF individualization works based on ML proposed in the literature. The analyzed works are organized according to the processing steps involved in the ML workflow, including the employed dataset, input and output types, data preprocessing operations, ML models, and model evaluation. In addition to categorizing the works of the existing literature, this survey discusses their achievements, identifies their limitations, and outlines aspects that require further investigation at the crossroads of research communities in acoustics, audio signal processing, and machine learning.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained recognition as a highly versatile and promising cell source for repopulating bioengineered scaffolds due to their inherent capacity to differentiate into multiple cell types. However, MSC implantation techniques have often yielded inconsistent clinical results, underscoring the need for advanced approaches to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) bioengineered scaffolds have provided a significant breakthrough by closely mimicking the in vivo environment, addressing the limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Among these, nanofibrous scaffolds have proven particularly effective, offering an optimal 3D framework, growth-permissive substrates, and the delivery of trophic factors crucial for MSC survival and regeneration. Furthermore, the selection of appropriate biomaterials can amplify the paracrine effects of MSCs, promoting both proliferation and targeted differentiation. The synergistic combination of MSCs with nanofibrous scaffolds has demonstrated remarkable potential in achieving repair, regeneration, and tissue-specific differentiation with enhanced safety and efficacy, paving the way for routine clinical applications. In this review, we examine the most recent studies (2013–2023) that explore the combined use of MSCs and nanofibrous scaffolds for differentiation into cardiogenic, epithelial, myogenic, tendon, and vascular cell lineages. Using PubMed, we identified and analyzed 275 relevant articles based on the search terms “Nanofibers”, “Electrospinning”, “Mesenchymal stem cells”, and “Differentiation”. This review highlights the critical advancements in the use of nanofibrous scaffolds as a platform for MSC differentiation and tissue regeneration. By summarizing key findings from the last decade, it provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians aiming to optimize scaffold design, MSC integration, and translational applications. These insights could significantly influence future research directions and the development of more effective regenerative therapies.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained recognition as a highly versatile and promising cell source for repopulating bioengineered scaffolds due to their inherent capacity to differentiate into multiple cell types. However, MSC implantation techniques have often yielded inconsistent clinical results, underscoring the need for advanced approaches to enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) bioengineered scaffolds have provided a significant breakthrough by closely mimicking the in vivo environment, addressing the limitations of traditional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Among these, nanofibrous scaffolds have proven particularly effective, offering an optimal 3D framework, growth-permissive substrates, and the delivery of trophic factors crucial for MSC survival and regeneration. Furthermore, the selection of appropriate biomaterials can amplify the paracrine effects of MSCs, promoting both proliferation and targeted differentiation. The synergistic combination of MSCs with nanofibrous scaffolds has demonstrated remarkable potential in achieving repair, regeneration, and tissue-specific differentiation with enhanced safety and efficacy, paving the way for routine clinical applications. In this review, we examine the most recent studies (2013–2023) that explore the combined use of MSCs and nanofibrous scaffolds for differentiation into cardiogenic, epithelial, myogenic, tendon, and vascular cell lineages. Using PubMed, we identified and analyzed 275 relevant articles based on the search terms "Nanofibers", "Electrospinning", "Mesenchymal stem cells", and "Differentiation". This review highlights the critical advancements in the use of nanofibrous scaffolds as a platform for MSC differentiation and tissue regeneration. By summarizing key findings from the last decade, it provides valuable insights for researchers and clinicians aiming to optimize scaffold design, MSC integration, and translational applications. These insights could significantly influence future research directions and the development of more effective regenerative therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Pediatric-onset Crohn's disease (CD) presents with a more aggressive course than adults. Surgical treatment is still necessary in many patients. The laparoscopic technique for treating terminal ileal CD is deemed safe and feasible, with the advantage to perform an intra-corporeal anastomosis (ICA). The robotic platform facilitates ICA creation thanks to 3D-visualization, tenfold magnification and better dexterity. The aim of this study was to report our initial experience of robotic ileocecal resection (RICR) with ICA in children with CD. Methods: Six patients underwent RICR for CD. Patient characteristics, intraoperative details, and postoperative outcomes were collected. The surgical technique consisted in an intra-corporeal ICR with a stapled side-to-side ileo-colic anastomosis. Results: The mean age at surgery was 14.8 years. The mean operative time was 210.8 min. No intraoperative complications or conversions were recorded. Bowel function returned on postoperative day 3 and the mean hospital stay was 8 days. Two minor complications were treated conservatively and 1 major (anastomotic dehiscence) required reoperation. Conclusion: RICR is a safe and feasible technique in pediatric CD of terminal ileum. The robot offers advantages over other techniques for the precision of the suture, avoiding extracorporeal anastomosis. However, larger studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]