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Background: Although several genetic biomarkers have been reported in the tocilizumab (TCZ) response in rheumatoid arthritis, no studies have addressed the pharmacogenomics effect of TCZ in COVID-19., Methods: In this prospective longitudinal study, 95 individuals with severe COVID-19 were selected between 2020-2022. The recovery process was measured at 24 h, 48 h, and 10 days before and after taking TCZ. All participants were genotyped using RFLP-PCR. Different genotypes of FCGR2A rs1801274 and IL-6R rs2228145 were compared in terms of the recovery process., Results: 43.2% of patients were male and 56.8% were female with an average age of 58.20(± 16.214) years. The GA genotype for FCGR2A rs1801274 increased the risk of death (OR = 2.83, P = 0.038) and ventilation (OR = 2.71, P = 0.047) in TCZ-treated individuals. However, there was no risk of death and ventilation with IL-6R rs2228145 (P > 0.05). Additionally, docking analysis showed that not only IL6R but also FCGR2A can be a ligand for TCZ., Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the impact of genetic variations on the response rate of TCZ in COVID-19 patients. The GA genotype for FCGR2A rs1801274 was associated with poor treatment outcomes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

To improve embryo transfer success and increase the chances of live birth in assisted reproductive methods, there is a growing demand for the use of pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT). However, the invasive approaches used in PGT have led to in vitrofertilization failure and abortions, increasing anxiety levels for parents. To address this, non-invasive PGT methods have been introduced, such as the detection of DNA in blastocoel fluid of blastocysts and spent culture media (SCM). These methods have proven to be minimally invasive and effective in detecting aneuploidy in the chromosomes of human embryos. This review aims to explore the different approaches to pre-implantation diagnosis, including invasive and non-invasive methods, with a particular focus on non-invasive PGT (niPGT). The search strategy involved gathering data from scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct using relevant keywords. The search was conducted until January 2023. In total, 22 studies have successfully reported the detection and amplification of cell-free DNA in the embryonic SCM. It is important to note that niPGT has some limitations, which include differences in indicators such as cell-free DNA amplification rate, concordance, level of maternal DNA contamination, sensitivity, and specificity between SCM samples and biopsied cells. Therefore, more extensive and detailed research is needed to fully understand niPGT's potential for clinical applications., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Karami et al.)

Purpose: This retrospective clinical study aimed to evaluate the implants placed in fresh sockets and investigate the effect of varied oral health conditions and treatment plan details on the clinical and radiographic outcomes., Materials and Methods: Fifty-nine participants (102 implants) were included in this study. Four variables, including mean probing depth (PD), mean marginal bone loss (MBL), pink esthetic score (PES), and patient satisfaction, were significant dependent variables, and the effects of independent variables on these four items were studied. The data were analyzed by the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using a statistical software., Results: The mean follow-up period was 4.75 ± 1.74 years, and the mean MBL was 1.21 ± 0.81 mm. The survival rate was 97 %. There were significant effects of the finish line site, keratinized gingival width, and attached gingival width on PD after adjusting the factors. Also, the implant brand, plaque index, and uncemented prosthesis affected MBL significantly. In addition, significant effects of the surgeon, implant brand, and proximal contact on PES were found., Conclusion: More PD was found around restorations with a finish line site > 1.5 mm subgingival. Sufficient attached gingiva was a more effective factor on PD than keratinized gingiva. Implants with more plaque scores showed more MBL., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 THE AUTHORS.)