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The purpose of this article is to investigate the factors that influence the authenticity of heritage hotels in popular tourist destinations. Using the Greek island of Santorini as a case study, the following three (3) factors, which have not been systematically studied so far, are examined and appear to have a significant impact on authenticity in the conversion of a heritage architectural building into a heritage hotel: (a) its structural characteristics, (b) the influence of the star classification system and (c) the extent to which each business promotes authenticity elements and heritage identity. For the purposes of this study, a threefold methodological approach was conducted, which includes archival research in the registry of the Hellenic Chamber of Hotels for all the heritage hotels in Santorini (69 units), research in the accounting data of the island’s heritage hotels certified with the national star ranking system for their services and amenities and research analysis of the information regarding the promotion of the heritage hotels through their official websites. Additionally, a cartographic representation of the locations of these hotels was created and their positioning was compared to the boundaries of traditional or non-traditional settlements. The results validated the basic finding of the literature review, that the authenticity of a heritage hotel is a construction under constant negotiation, influenced by a multitude of factors. The conversion of a historic building into a heritage hotel is a multidimensional process that requires a delicate balance between preserving cultural value and adapting to the needs of modern tourism, as well as a continuous evaluation and review of the policies in place.

Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) implementation in remote areas by operating hospital ships is immensely helpful due to high patient turnover, reducing costs, and minimizing the effects of surgical stress. Utilization of regional anesthetics, namely ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block or Quadratus Lumborum (QL) block, is applicable and beneficial in this setting. Objective: Due to the limited time, facilities, and health personnel available in floating hospital services surgery, several adjustments in anesthetic methods are required to rapidly return patients to their preoperative physiologic state. Therefore, we wrote this case report. Case Series: We presented case series of lower abdominal surgery performed in Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital with the implementation of peripheral nerve blocks as one of the ERAS protocols in one of the remote islands in Indonesia, Gili Iyang Island. Two patients underwent TAP blocks, while the remaining two received QL Blocks. A peripheral nerve block was performed under ultrasound guidance and a 20-mL injection of 0.25% levobupivacaine to QL muscle or TAP. During the observation, we found Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of 1-2 after surgery, no post-operative sedation needed, only 1 patient experienced nausea without vomiting, and the length of health facility stay were less than 3 days. Discussion: Nearly all of our patients who underwent lower abdomen surgery got benefits from the application of peripheral nerve block. Because there was no opioid consumption in our cases, the risk of unwanted effect of opioids like postoperative nausea and vomiting, were also decreased. Conclusion: Peripheral nerve block, as mentioned TAP Block and QL Block, has emerged as a promising alternative to prevent and manage post-operative pain in remote medicine settings, namely Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital, particularly in areas with few medical facilities.

The stability of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) attitude is crucial in aviation to mitigate the risk of accidents and ensure mission success. This study aims to optimize and adaptively control the flight attitude stability of a flying wing-type UAV amidst environmental variations. This is achieved through the utilization of Linear Quadratic Regulator-Neural Network (LQR-NN) control, wherein the Neural Network predicts the optimal K gain value by fine-tuning Q and R parameters to minimize system errors. An online learning neural network adjusts the K value based on real-time error feedback, enhancing system performance. Experimental results demonstrate improved stability metrics: for roll angle stability, a rise time of 0.4682 seconds, settling time of 1.3819 seconds, overshoot of 0.298%, and Steady State Error (SSE) of 0.133 degrees; for pitch angle stability, a rise time of 0.2309 seconds, settling time of 0.7091 seconds, overshoot of 0.1224%, and Steady State Error (SSE) of 0.0239 degrees. The LQR-NN approach effectively reduces overshoot compared to traditional Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) control, thereby minimizing oscillations. Furthermore, LQR-NN can minimize the Steady State Error (SSE) to 0.074 degrees for roll rotation motion and 0.035 degrees for pitch rotation motion. ABSTRAK: Kestabilan perubahan Pesawat Tanpa Pemandu (UAV) adalah penting dalam penerbangan bagi mengurangkan risiko kemalangan dan memastikan kejayaan misi. Kajian ini bertujuan mengoptimum dan menstabilkan perubahan kawalan adaptif penerbangan UAV jenis sayap terbang di tengah-tengah variasi persekitaran. Ini dicapai melalui penggunaan kawalan Rangkaian Linear Kuadratik Pengatur-Neural (LQR-NN), di mana Rangkaian Neural meramal nilai perolehan K optimum dengan meneliti parameter Q dan R bagi mengurangkan ralat sistem. Rangkaian neural pembelajaran dalam talian melaraskan nilai K berdasarkan maklum balas ralat masa nyata, ini meningkatkan prestasi sistem. Dapatan kajian eksperimen menunjukkan metrik kestabilan lebih baik: bagi kestabilan sudut gulungan, masa kenaikan sebanyak 0.4682 saat, masa kestabilan 1.3819 saat, lajakan 0.298% dan Ralat Keadaan Mantap (SSE) 0.133 darjah; bagi kestabilan sudut pic, masa kenaikan 0.2309 saat, masa penetapan 0.7091 saat, lajakan 0.1224%, dan Ralat Keadaan Mantap (SSE) 0.0239 darjah. Pendekatan LQR-NN berkesan mengurangkan lajakan berbanding kawalan tradisi Pengatur Kuadratik Linear (LQR), dengan itu mengurangkan ayunan. Tambahan, LQR-NN dapat mengurangkan Ralat Keadaan Mantap (SSE), sebanyak 0.074 darjah bagi gerakan putaran guling dan 0.035 darjah bagi gerakan putaran anggul.

Assessing the effectiveness of activated carbon is essential for the optimal operation of water treatment systems. Traditional evaluation methods, although precise, are typically labor-intensive and require complex equipment This study introduces a novel application of the B.EL.D™ device, utilizing redox potential measurements to gauge the activation level of carbon filters—an approach not previously employed. We hypothesized that redox potential is a reliable indicator of activated carbon's performance, a hypothesis that was rigorously validated through extensive testing against the standard iodine number test (ASTM D4607). Our analysis included both control and operational samples from ongoing water treatment processes over two years, confirming a definitive correlation between redox potential and carbon's adsorptive capacity. The findings demonstrate the potential of our method as a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective alternative to current testing practices. Currently under patent consideration, this study marks a significant advancement towards improving the assessment of activated carbon filters, providing an efficient pathway for water treatment facilities and establishing the foundation for a predictive maintenance model.

The establishment of Joint Village-Owned Enterprises (Joint-BUMDes) presents an opportunity to create a collaborative network among villages, addressing the challenge of hindered business growth commonly faced by single-village enterprises. Therefore, this research aims to explore and analyze key enablers of Joint-BUMDes development using an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach and provide strategic recommendations for their growth. Based on literature review and semi-structured interviews with 8 informants, nine enablers were identified. These served as the basis for constructing a questionnaire distributed to three respondents who were purposely selected to establish contextual relationships. The ISM analysis prioritized interventions based on enablers located in Quadrant III and IV from the MICMAC analysis and the highest levels in the ISM interaction model. Key enablers include the village chief's political influence, managerial and technical skills, and leadership characteristics, as well as government support, equality in capabilities among villages, and the founding initiative. The conclusion drawn is that political and management factors predict the success of Joint-BUMDes and influence other factors. Therefore, addressing these enablers is crucial for the successful development of Joint-BUMDes in Indonesia. Apart from these practical implications, this study enriches the literature on social enterprises in Indonesia, which has thus far been limited to single village BUMDes and fragmented in analyzing influencing factors.

Geoarchaeological analysis of settlement stratigraphy is key to understanding continuity and change in economic, social and cultural spaces within complex (proto-)urban sites. Here, preliminary micromorphological and micro-refuse data from the Pungrt hillfort demonstrate the potential of a fine-scaled geoarchaeology-based approach for understanding the structuring and reuse of space, not just within settlements but within individual households, through time. Keywords: Central Europe, Early Iron Age, hillfort, proto-urban settlement, geoarchaeology, micromorphology, micro-refuse analysis, Introduction: hillfort research in Slovenia The structured use of space within European Iron Age hillforts remains poorly understood, despite a long history of intensive research (e.g. Dular & Tecco Hvala [...]

Drug-induced liver injury resulting from herbal and dietary supplement use is increasingly common and underrecognized. We report a case of a 34-year-old male recreational bodybuilder who presented with muscle cramping, fatigue, and diffuse itching in the setting of bodybuilding supplement use. Labs showed cholestatic liver injury, and liver biopsy revealed bland cholestasis and sinusoidal dilation. He was diagnosed with anabolic-androgenic steroid-induced liver injury. He was symptomatically managed with plasmapheresis for debilitating pruritus. This case highlights drug-induced liver injury as a complication of bodybuilding supplement use containing unlabeled anabolic-androgenic steroids. Sports medicine providers should inquire on herbal and dietary supplement use and be aware of potential contaminants.

Introduction Some common symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are fever, cough, and shortness of breath. But ear, nose, and throat (ENT) manifestations such as loss of smell and taste are also very common.