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为提高核桃壳仁混合物的分级效果，对现有核桃壳仁混合物分级设备进行三维实体建模，利用EDEM软件模拟核桃壳仁混合物的分级过程，以筛面上物料的运动速度、质量以及各等级颗粒在统计区域的数量为指标，以振幅、振动频率、振动方向角、筛面倾角为考察因素，对振动筛分级工艺进行优化。结果表明：在振动频率12 Hz、振幅5 mm、振动方向角45°、筛面倾角4°的工艺参数组合下，各等级核桃壳仁的透筛率最高，分级效果最好。In order to improve the grading effect of walnut shell and kernel mixture, the existing classification equipment of walnut shell and kernel mixture was modeled by 3D entity, and the grading process of the walnut shell and kernel mixture was simulated by EDEM. Based on the movement speed, mass of the material on the sieve surface and quantity of particles of each grade material in the statistical area as indicators, the grading process by vibrating screen was optimized with the amplitude, vibration frequency, vibrating direction angle and the sieve surface inclination as factors. The results showed that the screening rate of each grade of walnut shell and kernel was the highest and the grading effect was the best under the conditions of vibration frequency 12 Hz, amplitude 5 mm, vibrating direction angle 45°, and sieve surface inclination 4°.

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Taking the households of urban and rural residents in Zhejiang Province as the research object in 2020, an indicator system for rural development and urbanization is constructed from the four aspects of ecological environment, public services, grassroots governance and quality of life, using entropy method and Coupling Coordination Degree Model, Theil index and other methods to summarize the urban-rural development experience and problems of different counties and cities in Zhejiang Province, and explore the urban-rural coupling mode and implementation path. The results show that: ①Based on the analysis of different spatial scales, the urbanization and rural have regional imbalances in development, with obvious gradient changes from east to west and little difference between sub-regions. About 80% of the overall difference in urban-rural development in Zhejiang comes from differences within sub-regions, and another 60% comes from the internal differences between southwestern Zhejiang and southern Zhejiang. At the county level, the urbanization and rural development index presents a spatial pattern of "high in the northeast and low in the southwest". ②Based on the analysis of the degree of urban- rural coupling and coordination in Zhejiang Province, four urban-rural coupling modes are summarized: independent parallel coupling, urban-rural partial benefit interactive coupling, urban-rural symmetrical reciprocal coupling, and urban-rural integration symbiosis coupling. ③ Based on the rural revitalization strategy, the implementation path summarized from ecological livability, public services, grassroots governance and quality of life is characterized by ecological integration, green development, spatial integration, shared development, governance integration, good rural governance, factor integration, and common prosperity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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[Objective] Change in soil water content is not only an indicator of water stresses used for irrigation management but also controls biogeochemical processes in soil. In this paper, we study the feasibility of using thermal infrared imaging to estimate soil moisture dynamics. [Method] The experiment was conducted in July-August 2023 in a walnut orchard in Xinjiang. Thermal infrared images of the walnut canopy were measured continuously using a thermal infrared camera. Based on the HSV color space of the images, an improved K-means segmentation algorithm was proposed to analyze the change in canopy temperature. We also measured air temperature and humidity, illuminance, wind speed, atmospheric CO2, and soil water content in the 0-80 cm soil layer, from which we proposed an inversion model to estimate soil water dynamics. [Result] The improved K-means algorithm increased the accuracy from 82.34% to 94.55%, and the errors between the canopy temperature acquired from the images and the measured canopy temperature were in the range of 0 to 1.0. The infrared imaging method was most accurate between 14:00 pm to 16:00 pm. Our results showed that the walnut roots were most active in taking up water from the 40-60 cm soil layer 50-60 cm away horizons from the tree truck. Canopy temperature, air temperature and relative humidity, and atmospheric CO2 concentration were correlated with soil water content at significant levels; they can thus be used to estimate soil water dynamics, with a coefficient of determination of R2=0.86 and p<0.01. [Conclusion] The temperature acquired from the infrared images of the walnut canopy can be used with other metrological data and atmospheric CO2 concentration to estimate soil water dynamics in the root zone of the walnut. It provides a new method for improving soil water management in walnut orchards in Xinjiang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum and its metabolite (LPM) on the growth performance and intestinal health of Procambarus clarkii. A total of 162 Procambarus clarkii with an initial weight of (8.16±0.23) g were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates in each group and 18 shrimps in each replicate. Three groups of compound diets containing 0 (control group), 300 (LPM-300 group), 600 mg/kg (LPM-600 group) of Lactobacillus plantarum and its metabolite (LPM) were prepared. In the two experimental groups, 3% flour was used instead of 3% peanut meal on the basis of the feed formula of the control group, which reduced the protein level of the feed by 1.5%. The trial period was 42 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, protein efficiency and protein deposition rate of Procambarus clarkii were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the feed coefficient was significantly lower than that of the control group when 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The contentations of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash of whole shrimp fed with 600 mg/kg LPM were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). When 300 and 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet, the crude fat content of muscle was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the content of serum total protein (TP) increased significantly (P<0.05), and the activities of aspartateoxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and alanine-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) decreased when LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The content of serum albumin (ALB) and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were significantly increased when 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The protease activity of hepatopancreas and intestinal tract was significantly increased by adding 600 mg/kg LPM (P<0.05). The addition of 600 mg/kg LPM significantly reduced the villus width of the shrimp compared with the control group (P<0.05). The hepatopancreas cells in the control group and the experimental group were intact without damage or pathological changes. The number of B cells, F cells, and R cells in the LPM-300 group was significantly more than that in the control group. The study indicates that the addition of 600 mg/kg LPM in the feed can improve the intestinal tissue structure of Procambarus clarkii, enhance the non-specific immunity and promote the utilization of feed protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering is the property of Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)