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2. Black Women and the Changing Television Landscape: LISA M. ANDERSON, 2023, New York, NY, Bloomsbury Academic, pp. x + 165, illus. (black and white), $80.00 (cloth), $22.95 (paper).
- Author
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Biano, Ilaria
- Subjects
- *
WOMEN on television , *BLACK women , *BLACK people , *LANDSCAPE changes , *TELEVISION situation comedies - Abstract
"Black Women and the Changing Television Landscape" by Lisa M. Anderson is a book that examines the portrayal of Black women on television throughout history. Anderson, an associate professor of women and gender studies, builds on her previous work to explore the complex and evolving representations of Black women in media. Using a semiotic approach and drawing on the work of Black feminist scholars, Anderson analyzes specific television shows and personalities from the 1950s to the present. The book goes beyond simplistic judgments and aims to understand the historical and cultural contexts in which these representations exist, as well as the agency of Black women in shaping them. It is a valuable resource for scholars in cultural, media, and television studies. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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3. The Iranian revolutionary guard corps: defining Iran's military doctrine: by Alma Keshavarz London/New York, Bloomsbury, 2023, xvii + 142 pp., $24.99 (paper), $90.00 (hardcover), £65.00 (hardback), £21.99 (paperback), notes and index ISBN: 978-1350255661
- Author
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Cline, Lawrence E.
- Subjects
MILITARY doctrine ,CHARISMA ,JOINT Comprehensive Plan of Action (2015) - Abstract
"The Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps: Defining Iran's Military Doctrine" by Alma Keshavarz provides a detailed analysis of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and its role in Iran's hybrid warfare strategy. The book explores the historical development of the IRGC, its relationship with the Iranian government, and its influence on domestic and foreign policies. Keshavarz argues that the IRGC has become the sole proprietor of Iran's foreign policy priorities and is deeply embedded in the Iranian economy. The book also discusses the Quds Force, the IRGC's special operations unit, and its relationship with the Supreme Leader. Keshavarz concludes by offering policy recommendations for dealing with the IRGC's hybrid warfare strategies, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive and long-term approach. Overall, the book provides valuable insights for policymakers and academics studying Middle Eastern security issues. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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4. Review of Margaret Rustin's Finding a way to the child. Selected papers 1983–2021: Kate Stratton, & Simon Cregeen. (Eds.). (2023). Margaret Rustin's Finding a way to the child. Selected papers 1983–2021. London and New York: Routledge.
- Author
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Altman, Neil
- Subjects
CULTURAL pluralism ,FAMILY systems theory ,NARCISSISTIC personality disorder ,CHILD psychotherapy ,FAMILY structure ,ADLERIAN psychology ,SINGLE-parent families ,GAY men - Abstract
This review provides an overview of Margaret Rustin's book "Finding a way to the child: Selected papers 1983-2021," which delves into the development of child psychotherapy theory and practice in the United Kingdom. The review acknowledges the need for child psychotherapy to adapt to societal changes, such as immigration and the dissolution of the British Empire. It also draws comparisons between the evolution of psychoanalytic therapy in the UK and the United States. The review emphasizes the importance of considering social context and cultural diversity in psychotherapy, particularly in addressing the needs of immigrant families and individuals who have experienced displacement. The text explores the use of play in child psychoanalysis and the role of the analyst in interpreting and engaging with the child's play. It also discusses the technical and theoretical adaptations made by psychoanalysts when working with specific diagnostic groups, such as children on the autistic spectrum and narcissistic patients. The author highlights the significance of interventions that challenge and disrupt the symptoms and patterns of these patients to promote self-regulation and growth. Additionally, the text explores the extension of psychoanalytic techniques to work with patients from diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds, emphasizing the importance of inclusivity and understanding. The author suggests that psychoanalytic clinicians should reflect on their own biases and prejudices to create a more diverse and inclusive practice. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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5. Sound in sight: audio and sound-focused art exhibitions in New York between 1978 and 1984.
- Author
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Kelly, Caleb
- Subjects
ART exhibitions ,ART history ,SOUND art ,ART materials ,CONCEPTUAL art ,CANVAS - Abstract
Throughout the 1970s, a drive towards the diversification of mediums available to artists led to artists working across numerous mediums not usually associated with visual art. While some came to work with sound as a central focus in their practice, most used sound as a medium to be employed in particular artworks for conceptual purposes. The paper is focused on five audio and sound exhibitions presented in New York City between 1978 and 1984. These large group exhibitions were held in alternative art spaces and not-for-profit art galleries and have received little critical attention beyond reviews published in local newspapers and art magazines. As such, these exhibitions have all but disappeared from the history of sound in art and from art history in general. I will argue that this cluster of group shows signal to an emergent practice that was moving past the post-medium condition and conceptual art towards the postmodernism of the 1980s. These exhibitions point to an understanding of sound as a medium of visual art that is at odds with contemporary scholarship in the sonic arts, which favours a music-based understanding of approaches to sound within the art gallery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Determining Critical Cascading Effects of Flooding Events on Transportation Infrastructure Using Data Mining Algorithms.
- Author
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Assaad, Rayan H., Mohammadi, Mohsen, and Assaf, Ghiwa
- Subjects
INFRASTRUCTURE (Economics) ,DATA mining ,ASSOCIATION rule mining ,FLOOD warning systems ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,ALGORITHMS - Abstract
Transportation infrastructures and operations can be severely impacted during flood events, leading to significant disruptions to the flow of goods and services. Although numerous studies have evaluated the direct impacts of flood events on the performance of transportation infrastructures, the indirect impacts or cascading effects have been rarely assessed. Hence, this paper examines the cascading effects of floods on transportation infrastructure using data mining algorithms. First, 33 effects of flood events on transportation infrastructure have been identified based on data collected for multiple flood events in New York and New Jersey. Second, association rule mining analysis was implemented to identify the key co-occurrences between flooding and the different events. Third, network analysis was conducted to quantify the co-occurrences or key combinations among the events. Fourth, cluster analysis was used to group or prioritize the cascading effects and co-occurring events into highly connected clusters to identify the most critical ones based on two scenarios: (1) without consideration of co-occurrences (Scenario 1); and (2) with consideration of co-occurrences (Scenario 2). The findings provided insights that while some cascading impacts could be individually critical/frequent (under Scenario 1), other cascading impacts could also result due to a combination of different effects that might not be perceived to be critical on the individual level but rather become critical when combined with other cascading events (under Scenario 2). The outcomes of this paper demonstrate the importance of considering the co-occurrences between the events and cascading effects, rather than analyzing them in isolation. This study adds to the body of knowledge by offering an analytical approach that could be used to identify and prioritize critical cascading effects of flood events on the operations and performance of transportation infrastructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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7. DLAN:Modeling user long- and short-term preferences based on double-layer attention network for next point-of-interest recommendation.
- Author
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Wu, Yuhang, Jiao, Xu, Hao, Qingbo, Xiao, Yingyuan, and Zheng, Wenguang
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,ATTENTION ,NEIGHBORHOODS - Abstract
The next Point-of-Interest (POI) recommendation, in recent years, has attracted an extensive amount of attention from the academic community. RNN-based methods cannot establish effective long-term dependencies among the input sequences when capturing the user's motion patterns, resulting in inadequate exploitation of user preferences. Besides, the majority of prior studies often neglect high-order neighborhood information in users' check-in trajectory and their social relationships, yielding suboptimal recommendation efficacy. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel Double-Layer Attention Network model, named DLAN. Firstly, DLAN incorporates a multi-head attention module that can combine first-order and high-order neighborhood information in user check-in trajectories, thereby effectively and parallelly capturing both long- and short-term preferences of users and overcoming the problem that RNN-based methods cannot establish long-term dependencies between sequences. Secondly, this paper designs a user similarity weighting layer to measure the influence of other users on the target users leverage the social relationships among them. Finally, comprehensive experiments are conducted on user check-in data from two cities, New York (NYC) and Tokyo (TKY), and the results demonstrate that DLAN achieves a performance in Accuracy and Mean Reverse Rank enhancement by 8.07% -36.67% compared to the state-of-the-art method. Moreover, to investigate the effect of dimensionality and the number of heads of the multi-head attention mechanism on the performance of the DLAN model, we have done sufficient sensitivity experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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8. Enter Ghost: By Isabella Hammad. New York: Grove Press, 2023. 336 pages. $28 cloth, $18 paper, $28 e-book. Reviewed by Nora Parr.
- Author
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Parr, Nora
- Subjects
PALESTINIAN children ,REFUGEE camps ,MARRIAGE ,PALESTINIANS ,OSLO Accords (1993) - Abstract
"Enter Ghost" by Isabella Hammad is a novel that explores the future of Palestine through the lens of its theater scene in the 2010s. The story follows a diverse troupe of actors attempting to stage Hamlet in the West Bank, challenging stale narratives about Palestinian fragmentation and government corruption. The characters in the novel, each with their own complicated pasts, seek to reconcile interrupted narratives and find fulfillment in a reimagined national family. The play within the novel serves as a device to take ownership of the past and create a new vision of Palestine. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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9. Navigating the Evolution of Arbitration in Saudi Arabia: Historical Contexts, Legislative Reforms, and International Conventions.
- Author
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Abdulkarim Saud Saeed Althiyabi
- Subjects
LEGISLATIVE reform ,ARBITRATION & award ,INVESTOR confidence ,INTERNATIONAL arbitration ,FOREIGN investments - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Anbar University for Law & Political Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. What Will It Take to Eliminate the Immigration Court Backlog? Assessing "Judge Team" Hiring Needs Based on Changed Conditions and the Need for Broader Reform.
- Author
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Kerwin, Donald and Kerwin, Brendan
- Subjects
JUDGES ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,INTERNET content management systems ,RESEARCH personnel ,COURTS ,COURT system ,IMMIGRATION reform - Abstract
Executive Summary: This paper examines the staffing needs of the US Department of Justice's Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR), as it seeks to eliminate an immigration court backlog, which approached 2.5 million pending cases at the end of fiscal year (FY) 2023. A previous study by the Center for Migration Studies of New York (CMS) attributed the backlog to systemic, long-neglected problems in the broader US immigration system. This paper provides updated estimates of the number of immigration judges (IJs) and "judge teams" (IJ teams) needed to eliminate the backlog over ten and five years based on different case receipt and completion scenarios. It also introduces a data tool that will permit policymakers, administrators and researchers to make their own estimates of IJ team hiring needs based on changing case receipt and completion data. Finally, the paper outlines the pressing need for reform of the US immigration system, including a well-resourced, robust, and independent court system, particularly in light of record "encounters" of migrants at US borders in FY 2022 and 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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11. Fighting for menstrual equity through period product pantries.
- Author
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Glayzer, Edward J, Jennings, Claire T, Schlaeger, Judith M, Watkins, Brynn, Rieseler, Annabelle, Ray, Melissa, Lee, Adrienne, and Glayzer, Jennifer E
- Subjects
NONPROFIT organizations ,QUALITATIVE research ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,RESEARCH funding ,INTERVIEWING ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,FEMININE hygiene products ,MENSTRUATION ,PUBLIC welfare ,COMPARATIVE studies ,HEALTH education ,CHARITIES ,POVERTY - Abstract
Background: Menstruators facing period poverty often struggle with menstrual hygiene and waste management, which can result in harmful short- and long-term health outcomes such as urinary tract infections, yeast infections, and vulvar contact dermatitis. Research indicates that 42% of menstruators in the United States have difficulty affording period products. Traditional methods of distributing period products through social services may unintentionally undermine menstruators' agency, leading to disempowerment and inefficient resource allocation. Period product pantries are a novel approach aimed at addressing period poverty, inequity, and inadequate menstrual health education in the United States. Objectives: This paper aims to examine the development, organization, and implementation of two distinct period product pantry networks in Ohio and New York. It seeks to compare the advantages and challenges of grassroots versus nonprofit-led models and to provide practical insights for future pantry operators. Design: The study examines two models of period product pantries: a grassroots effort led by three local residents in Ohio and an initiative spearheaded by a nonprofit organization in New York. The design includes a comparative analysis of both models' organization, funding methods, and operational structures. Methods: The authors gathered data on the construction, operation, and usage of two pantry networks, focusing on factors such as accessibility, community engagement, and sustainability. The study employed a combination of qualitative methods, including interviews with organizers, and a review of organizational documents to analyze the effectiveness and scalability of each model. Results: Both pantry networks increased accessibility to period products in low socioeconomic neighborhoods, which are disproportionately affected by period poverty. The grassroots model, while resource-limited, fostered strong community ties and local engagement. The nonprofit-led model benefited from dedicated staff and a more stable funding structure but faced bureaucratic challenges. Despite their differences, both models demonstrated the potential to empower menstruators by preserving their dignity and autonomy. Conclusions: Period product pantries represent an innovative and equitable approach to addressing period poverty and inequity. The analysis of the two models offers valuable insights for organizations and individuals interested in establishing similar initiatives. While each model has its unique benefits and challenges, both are effective in empowering menstruators and providing accessible menstrual hygiene products to those in need. Registration: Not applicable. Plain language summary: Fighting for menstrual equity through period product pantries Period product pantries are a new way to help people who can't afford period products and don't have enough education about menstrual health in the U.S. Many people who experience period poverty, or trouble getting products like pads and tampons, also face barriers to staying clean and managing period waste. This can cause health issues like infections. About 42% of people who get periods in the U.S. say they've had trouble paying for these products. Period product pantries are different from older methods of getting free products, like through social services, because they let people get what they need without feeling embarrassed or losing their sense of control. This paper looks at two types of period pantries: one started by three local people in Ohio and another run by a nonprofit group in New York. Both help people in neighborhoods where it's hard to afford period products. The paper talks about how these pantries were set up, how they are funded, and what worked well or didn't. The goal is to show how these pantries can be a good, fair way to help people while giving advice to others who might want to start their own pantries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. Opinion: NY State Legislature Must Act to Curb the Perils of Plastic.
- Author
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Epstein, Harvey, Selden, Jane, and Augustine, Victoria
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PLASTICS ,PAPER recycling ,HOMELESSNESS - Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a public health concern, with studies showing the presence of microplastics and nanoplastics in our food, water, and bodies. Two bills introduced in the New York State legislature aim to address this issue. The Packaging Reduction and Recycling Infrastructure Act would ban the use of toxic chemicals in plastic production and mandate reductions in plastic packaging over the next 12 years. The Bigger, Better Bottle Bill would increase the container deposit fee and include more types of beverages in the deposit system. These bills would not only help reduce plastic pollution but also save taxpayers money and benefit marginalized individuals who collect and redeem beverage containers. Additionally, reducing plastic production is crucial for environmental and climate justice, as plastic production contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and disproportionately affects low-income communities and communities of color. Legislation is needed to ensure a sustainable future. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
13. 'Mexican Prints at the Vanguard' Review: A Nation's Paper Trail at the Met.
- Author
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Esplund, Lance
- Subjects
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ART history , *ART , *EMERGING markets , *YOUNG artists , *RICH people , *PARODY - Abstract
The Metropolitan Museum of Art is currently hosting an exhibition titled "Mexican Prints at the Vanguard," which showcases nearly 150 works spanning 200 years of Mexico's printmaking tradition. The exhibition features a diverse range of prints, including books, posters, broadsheets, and fine art prints, many of which have never been exhibited before. The show highlights the aesthetic quality, graphic punch, and art-historical revelations of Mexican printmaking, while also exploring the country's historical events and the impact of modernism. The exhibition emphasizes the democratic street art of Mexico, which fuses art with politics, social causes, and native customs. The show aims to bring an underappreciated chapter of Mexican art history to the global stage. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
14. APLICACIÓN DE MÉTODOS DE VIRTUALIZACIÓN EN ARQUEOLOGÍA: EL CASO DE LA ESTELA A DE LA TUMBA DE HENENU (TT 313, DEIR EL-BAHARI, EGIPTO).
- Author
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Morales, Antonio J., Ramírez Galán, Mario, Camacho Galán, Marina, Celis D’Amico, Flavio, and Echeverría Valiente, Ernesto
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TOMBS ,OPTICAL scanners ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL expeditions ,PUBLIC spaces ,RESEARCH personnel ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL museums & collections - Abstract
Copyright of Virtual Archaeology Review is the property of Virtual Archaeology Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Ecuadorians in NYC: Language and Cultural Practices of a Community in the Diaspora.
- Author
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Puma Ninacuri, Christian and Gubitosi, Patricia
- Subjects
ECUADORIANS ,DIASPORA ,FOREIGN language education ,SOLIDARITY ,GROUP identity ,ETHNOLOGY - Abstract
Given that Ecuadorians are one of the largest groups of Hispanics living in New York, they have become a tight community that they now call little Ecuador. Although Ecuadorians living in the diaspora in NYC come from different parts of the country (mostly from the Andean region), they share the same cultural practices they performed in Ecuador that give them the sense of being in their country without bearing the instability and turmoil their country experiences. This shows how the group has fostered a sense of a multifaceted, multidimensional simultaneity between the host country and the motherland. The goal of this paper is to analyze the strategies Ecuadorian migrants use to validate their language and cultural practices to negotiate their identity as a group. Data for this paper come from ethnographic observations, semi-spontaneous conversations, oral interviews with members of the group, along with pictures taken while walking the community and participating in some of their events. Our study reveals that participants hold varying perceptions regarding their linguistic and cultural practices. However, it is noteworthy that they recognize these practices as a manifestation of Ecuadorianness, signifying a sense of solidarity among community members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. Imaginative Resistance in Science.
- Author
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Savojardo, Valentina
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHICAL literature ,MIRROR neurons ,MORAL attitudes ,LITERARY theory ,EXPERIMENTAL philosophy ,COUNTERFACTUALS (Logic) - Abstract
The paper addresses the problem of imaginative resistance in science, that is, why and under what circumstances imagination sometimes resists certain scenarios. In the first part, the paper presents and discusses two accounts concerning the problem and relevant for the main thesis of this study. The first position is that of Gendler (Journal of Philosophy 97:55–81, 2000), (Gendler, in: Nichols (ed) The Architecture of the Imagination: New essays on pretence, possibility and fiction, Oxford University Press, New York, 2006a), (Gendler & Liao, in: Gibson, Carroll (eds) The routledge companion to philosophy of literature, Routledge, New York, 2016), according to which imaginative resistance mainly concerns evaluative scenarios, presenting deviant moral attitudes. The second account examined is that of Kim et al. (in: Cova, Réhault (eds) Advances in experimental philosophy of aesthetics, Bloomsbury, London, 2018), who insisted on the link between imaginative resistance on the one hand and counterfactual and counterdescriptive scenarios on the other. In the light of both theories, this paper discusses the importance of addressing the problem of imaginative resistance in the scientific enterprise in the light of some mechanisms of embodied simulation, based on the activity of mirror neurons and investigated within the framework of the Embodied Simulation Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Analysis of decarbonization path in New York state and forecasting carbon emissions using different machine learning algorithms.
- Author
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Ekaterina, Glukhova and Li, Jia
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,CARBON emissions ,PATH analysis (Statistics) ,CARBON offsetting ,ELECTRIC power - Abstract
The state of New York admitted 143 million metric tons of carbon emissions from fossil fuels in 2020, prompting the ambitious goal set by the CLCPA to achieve carbon neutrality. The paper focused on analyzing and predicting carbon emissions using four different machine-learning algorithms. It examined emissions from fossil fuel combustion from 1990 to 2020 and validated four different algorithms to choose the most effective one for predicting emissions from 2020 to 2050. The analysis covered various economic sectors including transportation, residential, commercial, industrial, and electric power. By analyzing policies, the paper forecasted emissions for 2030 and 2050, leading to the identification of different pathways to reach carbon neutrality. The research concluded that in order to achieve neutrality, radical measures must be taken by the state of New York. Additionally, the paper compared the most recent data for 2021 with the forecasts, showing that significant measures need to be implemented to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. Despite some studies assuming a trend of decreased emissions, the research revealed different results. The paper presents three pathways, two of which follow the ambitious plan to reach carbon neutrality. As a result, the emission amount by 2050 for the different pathways was projected to be 31.1, 22.4, and 111.95 of MMt CO
2 e, showcasing the need for urgent action to combat climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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18. Activating Northwell Health's brand purpose through Movement Thinking.
- Author
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Soto, Ramon, Demos, Ali, and Goodson, Scott
- Subjects
BRANDING (Marketing) ,BRAND name products ,ORGANIZATIONAL performance - Abstract
Can purpose be a business catalyst? Some believe that purpose comes at the expense of performance, particularly when markets go through difficult cycles. Northwell Health has found that purpose can drive performance and can open up brand frontiers it had not anticipated. By differentiating its business in the hyper-competitive New York healthcare market, Northwell is seeing higher recall rates for advertising, higher consideration levels for services, and historic highs in likelihood to recommend and net promoter scores. Purpose can absolutely drive business performance. This paper describes the value of Movement Thinking to help get a brand purpose off the page and into the world. The paper presents Northwell's movement journey as an illustrative case study and close with seven concrete steps that brands may use in charting a movement journey of their own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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19. Dimensional analysis: Not a recipe!
- Author
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Salençon, Jean
- Subjects
PHYSICAL constants ,DIMENSIONAL analysis ,DIMENSIONLESS numbers ,PHYSICAL characteristics (Human body) - Abstract
Copyright of Revue Française de Géotechnique is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Spreading in graphs.
- Author
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Brešar, Boštjan, Dravec, Tanja, Erey, Aysel, and Hedžet, Jaka
- Subjects
- *
LINEAR algebra , *NP-complete problems , *GENEALOGY , *GRAPH algorithms - Abstract
Several concepts that model processes of spreading (of information, disease, objects, etc.) in graphs or networks have been studied. In many contexts, we assume that some vertices of a graph G are contaminated initially, before the process starts. By the q -forcing rule, a contaminated vertex having at most q uncontaminated neighbors enforces all the neighbors to become contaminated, while by the p -percolation rule, an uncontaminated vertex becomes contaminated if at least p of its neighbors are contaminated. If given a set S of initially contaminated vertices all vertices eventually become contaminated when continuously applying the q -forcing rule (respectively the p -percolation rule), S is called a q -forcing set (respectively, a p -percolating set) in G. In this paper, we consider sets S that are at the same time q -forcing sets and p -percolating sets, and call them (p , q) -spreading sets. Given positive integers p and q , the minimum cardinality of a (p , q) -spreading set in G is a (p , q) -spreading number, σ (p , q) (G) , of G. While q -forcing sets have been studied in a dozen of papers, the decision version of the corresponding graph invariant has not been considered earlier, and we fill the gap by proving its NP-completeness. This, in turn, enables us to prove the NP-completeness of the decision version of the (p , q) -spreading number in graphs for an arbitrary choice of p and q. Again, for every p ∈ N and q ∈ N ∪ { ∞ } , we find a linear-time algorithm for determining the (p , q) -spreading number of a tree, where in the case p ≥ 2 we apply Riedl's algorithm from [Largest and smallest minimal percolating sets in trees, Electron. J. Combin. 19 (2012) Paper 64] on p -percolation in trees. In addition, we present a lower and an upper bound on the (p , q) -spreading number of a tree and characterize extremal families of trees. In the case of square grids, we combine some results of Bollobás from [The Art of Mathematics: Coffee Time in Memphis. Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2006], and the AIM Minimum Rank-Special Graphs Work Group from [Zero forcing sets and the minimum rank of graphs, Linear algebra Appl. 428 2008 1628–1648], and new results on (2 , 1) -spreading and (4 , q) -spreading to obtain σ (p , q) (P m □ P n) for all (p , q) ∈ (N ∖ { 3 }) × (N ∪ { ∞ }) and all m , n ∈ N. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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21. Compiling historical descriptions of past Indigenous cultural burning: a dataset for the eastern United States.
- Author
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Tulowiecki, Stephen J.
- Subjects
HISTORICAL source material ,NINETEENTH century ,HISTORIANS - Abstract
Background: The extent of past Indigenous cultural burning in the eastern US remains contested. Historical documents (e.g. early histories, journals, and reports) contain descriptions of burning. Scholars have summarised descriptions, but few have compiled them into databases. Aims: This paper presents efforts to compile descriptions of past Indigenous burning in the eastern US and early results from mapped descriptions. Methods: Utilising previously cited descriptions and those discovered from digitised historical texts, the current dataset mapped >250 descriptions of burning in the northeastern US. Most were historical summaries from 19th century authors, and fewer were firsthand observations. Descriptions are currently shared as a GIS data layer, a tabular file, and an interactive web map. Key results: Descriptions correspond with fire-adapted vegetation, and clusters of descriptions suggest burning over large extents (e.g. southern New England, western New York). Estimated dates of burning or initial Euro-American settlement show an east–west succession in Indigenous fire exclusion and replacement with early Euro-American burning. Conclusions: Historical descriptions suggest regional-extent influence of Indigenous burning upon past forested ecosystems, but the veracity of descriptions should be carefully evaluated. Implications: This study provides a dataset for further examination of Indigenous burning and comparison with other methodologies for historical cultural fire reconstruction. This study creates a dataset of historical descriptions of Indigenous wildland burning from digitised historical texts in the eastern US. The current version of the dataset contains >250 descriptions in the northeastern US, mainly from 19th century historians. Descriptions correspond with geographic patterns in past fire-adapted vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. MARKET: An inspiring assembly of novelties introduced at recent global furniture trade shows--from Milan to New York, Chicago to Copenhagen.
- Author
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Barlow, Wilson, Di Venuta, Lisa, McWhirter, Georgina, Thienes, Rebecca, and Treffinger, Stephen
- Subjects
TRADE shows ,INTERNATIONAL trade ,PALETTE (Color range) ,ART materials ,FOREST products ,INTERIOR decoration ,YARN ,OLIVE - Abstract
This article provides an overview of the latest trends and innovations in the furniture industry, focusing on novelties introduced at global furniture trade shows such as Milan Design Week and Salone del Mobile. It highlights different designers and their creations, including the Hello lounge chair by Svoya Studio, the Cosmic furniture collection by Faye Toogood, and the lighting debuts by Flos. The article also mentions collaborations between Loro Piana Interiors and Cini Boeri, as well as new furniture and lighting brands like Pern Baan and Simon Johns. Additionally, the article discusses other products featured at these trade shows, such as the Hemispheres collection by Bankston Architectural and the collectible furnishings showcased at Verso & Friends during New York Design Week. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
23. Ultimate-Humeanism.
- Author
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Andrews, Samuel John
- Subjects
- *
WORLDVIEW - Abstract
Super-Humeans (Esfeld and Deckert, 2017.
A Minimalist Ontology of the Natural World . New York: Routledge) argue that the most parsimonious ontology of the natural world compatible with our best physical theories consists exclusively of particles and the distance relations between them. This paper argues by contrast that Super-Humean reduction goes insufficiently far, by showing there to be a more parsimonious ontology compatible with physics: Ultimate-Humeanism. This novel view posits an ontology consisting solely of the particles and distance relations required for the existence of a single brain. Super-Humeans impose conditions on what counts as an ontology of the natural world to avoid their view slipping into this kind of ontology, but these conditions are arbitrarily imposed and once this is exposed, Super-Humeans face a dilemma. Either they can embrace Ultimate-Humeanism as the minimal ontology of the natural world compatible with physics, or (more likely) they can rethink the methodology that got them there. Overall, this paper argues that Super-Humeanism currently lacks principled motivation, outlines a framework for naturalistic ontological reductions, and exposes the consequences of unchecked adherence to a simplicity-driven methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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24. When private meets public: young people and political consumerism in the name of environmental activism.
- Author
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Hockey, Jennifer A.
- Subjects
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YOUNG adults , *ENVIRONMENTAL activism , *GREEN marketing , *CLIMATE change , *AUSTRALIANS , *HABIT - Abstract
This paper explores how Australian youth climate activists experiencing ecoanxiety overcome obstacles and frustrations in their climate action initiatives by exercising meaningful political agency in the marketplace. It briefly outlines how their concerns about climate change inaction galvanised and continue to drive their engagement in climate politics, reflecting fears and anxieties about their own and the planet’s future. Despite this growing interest and engagement in climate politics, however, the efficacy of political consumerism as a strategy, particularly among young people, remains largely unexplored [Micheletti, M. 2010.
Political Virtue and Shopping Individuals, Consumerism, and Collective Action . New York: Palgrave Macmillan], with limited research on their consumption habits and behaviours [Kyroglou, G., and M. Henn. 2022. “Young Political Consumers between the Individual and the Collective: Evidence from the UK and Greece.”Journal of Youth Studies 25 (6): 833–853. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2021.2012139]. Thus, this paper investigates how young activists in the study, despite their vulnerabilities and experiences of ecoanxiety, endeavour to address structural imbalances linked to climate change through political consumerist initiatives. Utilising in-depth interviews and a photo-elicitation exercise with ten participants aged 18–35, the 2022 Australian study examines youth activism and the interplay between political consumption, views on hope and sustainable lifestyle choices. It reveals that environmentally conscious consumption patterns such as buycotting, boycotting, engaging in discursive actions, and embracing lifestyle politics that young activists engage in serve as a source of hope for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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25. Blended e-learning and certification for medicines development professionals: results of a 7-year collaboration between King's College, London and the GMDP Academy, New York.
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Silva, Honorio, Stonier, Peter, Chopra, Pravin, Coots, Jacob, Criscuolo, Domenico, Guptha, Soneil, Jones, Stuart, Kerpel-Fronius, Sandor, Kesselring, Gustavo, Luria, Xavier, Morgan, David, Power, Eddie, Salek, Sam, Silva, Gustavo, Suto, Tamas, Thakker, Kamlesh, and Vandenbroucke, Pol
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CAREER development ,DIGITAL learning ,BLENDED learning ,EDUCATIONAL objectives ,CERTIFICATION ,ASYNCHRONOUS learning - Abstract
Introduction: The field of Medicines Development faces a continuous need for educational evolution to match the interdisciplinary and global nature of the pharmaceutical industry. This paper discusses the outcomes of a 7-year collaboration between King's College London and the Global Medicines Development Professionals (GMDP) Academy, which aimed to address this need through a blended e-learning program. Methods: The collaboration developed a comprehensive curriculum based on the PharmaTrain syllabus, delivered through a combination of asynchronous and synchronous e-learning methods. The program targeted a diverse range of professionals serving in areas related to Medical Affairs. Results: Over seven annual cohorts, 682 participants from eighty-six countries were enrolled in the program. The program's effectiveness was assessed using Kirkpatrick's model, showing elevated levels of satisfaction (over 4.0 on a five-point scale), suggesting significant gains in competence at the cognitive level and leveraged performance. Notably, 70% of responding alumni reported significant improvement in their functions, corroborated by 30% of their supervisors. The further long-term impact of the program on their respective organization has not been established. Discussion: The GMDP Academy's program has significantly contributed to lifelong learning in Medicines Development, addressing educational gaps and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. Its success highlights the importance of continuous education in keeping pace with the industry's evolving demands and underscores the potential of blended learning in achieving educational objectives in pharmaceutical medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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26. Alternative parameter learning schemes for monitoring process stability.
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Zago, Daniele and Capizzi, Giovanna
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STATISTICAL process control ,QUALITY control charts ,COVID-19 pandemic ,SEQUENTIAL learning ,AD hoc computer networks - Abstract
In statistical process control, accurately estimating in-control (IC) parameters is crucial for effective monitoring. This typically requires a Phase I analysis to obtain estimates before monitoring commences. The traditional "fixed" estimate (FE) approach uses these estimates exclusively, while the "adaptive" estimate (AE) approach updates the estimates with each new observation. Such extreme criteria reflect the traditional bias-variance tradeoff in the framework of the sequential parameter learning schemes. This paper proposes an intermediate update rule that generalizes two ad hoc criteria for monitoring univariate Gaussian data, by giving a lower probability to parameter updates when an out-of-control (OC) situation is likely, therefore updating more frequently when there is no evidence of an OC scenario. The simulation study shows that this approach improves the detection power for small and early shifts, which are commonly regarded as a weakness of control charts based on fully online adaptive estimation. The paper also shows that the proposed method performs similarly to the fully adaptive procedure for larger or later shifts. The proposed method is illustrated by monitoring the sudden increase in ICU counts during the 2020 COVID outbreak in New York. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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27. A Snapshot of Lead in Consumer Products Across Four US Jurisdictions.
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Porterfield, Kate, Hore, Paromita, Whittaker, Stephen G., Fellows, Katie M., Mohllajee, Anshu, Azimi-Gaylon, Shakoora, Watson, Berna, Grant, Isabel, and Fuller, Richard
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LEAD analysis ,LEAD exposure ,HOUSEHOLD supplies ,ENVIRONMENTAL exposure ,LEAD - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Following the removal of lead from gasoline, paint and pipes were thought to be the main sources of lead exposure in the United States. However, consumer products, such as certain spices, ceramic and metal cookware, traditional health remedies, and cultural powders, are increasingly recognized as important sources of lead exposure across the United States. OBJECTIVE: This paper reviews data from four US jurisdictions that conduct in-home investigations for children with elevated blood lead levels (BLLs) to examine the prevalence of lead exposures associated with consumer products, in comparison with housing-related sources. METHODS: Authors reviewed investigation data (2010–2021) provided by California, Oregon, New York City, and King County, Washington, and compared the extent of lead exposures associated with housing-related vs. consumer products–related sources. DISCUSSION: The proportion of investigations identifying consumer products–related sources of lead exposure varied by jurisdiction (range: 15%– 38%). A review of US CDC and US FDA alerts and New York City data indicates that these types of lead-containing products are often sourced internationally, with many hand carried into the United States during travel. Based on surveillance data, we believe that US immigrant and refugee communities are at an increased risk for lead exposures associated with these products. To engage health authorities, there is a need for evidentiary data. We recommend implementing a national product surveillance database systematically tracking data on consumer products tested by childhood lead poisoning prevention programs. The data repository should be centralized and accessible to all global stakeholders, including researchers and governmental and nongovernmental agencies, who can use these data to inform investigations. Effectively identifying and addressing the availability of lead-containing consumer products at their source can focus resources on primary prevention, reducing lead exposures for users abroad and in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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28. Engaging suicide prevention and firearm stakeholders in developing a workshop promoting secure firearm storage for suicide prevention.
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Christian, Hanna, Crasta, Dev, Lloyd-Lester, Garra, True, Gala, Goodman, Marianne, Bass, Brett, Coric, Kathryne, Ruetten, Timothy, Lane, Robert, and Khazanov, Gabriela
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SUICIDE risk factors ,SAFETY ,RISK assessment ,SELF-efficacy ,RESEARCH funding ,QUALITATIVE research ,INTERVIEWING ,FAMILIES ,FIREARMS ,CONFIDENCE ,DISCUSSION ,SUICIDE prevention ,THEMATIC analysis ,ADULT education workshops ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,RESEARCH methodology ,STAKEHOLDER analysis - Abstract
Background: In the US, over 50% of suicide deaths are by firearm injury. Studies have found that limiting access to firearms, including storing them temporarily outside of the home or locking and unloading them securely at home, helps prevent suicide. Family members and other loved ones are in a unique position to encourage secure firearm storage. This paper describes the development of a workshop to empower loved ones of individuals at risk for suicide to discuss secure firearm storage in New York State. Methods: Using a multistakeholder engagement framework, we partnered with New York State county-level suicide prevention coalitions, local firearms experts, and other stakeholders to develop a 90-min workshop addressing secure firearm storage for suicide prevention. Pilot workshops were co-facilitated by a suicide prevention coalition member and a local firearms expert. Feedback gathered via surveys from workshop attendees and interviews with workshop co-facilitators were used to revise workshop content and inform dissemination. Following pilot workshops, a 1-day training event was held for potential future facilitators, and survey data were collected to assess trainee experiences and interest in facilitating future workshops. Data analysis included rapid qualitative analysis of interviews and statistical analysis of survey responses about acceptability of workshop. Results: Four pilot workshops included a total of 23 attendees. Pilot workshop attendees endorsed willingness and confidence to discuss secure firearm storage with a family member or loved one. The training event included 42 attendees, of which 26 indicated interest in facilitating a workshop within the next year. Co-facilitators agreed on several key themes, including the importance of having a "trusted messenger" deliver the firearms portion of the workshop, keeping the conversation focused on firearm safety for suicide prevention, and developing interventions that reflect firearm owning community's culture. Conclusions: Consistent with a public health approach to suicide prevention, this study leveraged a multistakeholder engagement framework to develop a community-based workshop empowering loved ones of individuals at risk for suicide to discuss secure firearm storage. The workshop will be disseminated across New York State. We noted positive and collaborative relationships across stakeholder groups, and willingness to facilitate the workshop among both suicide prevention and firearm stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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29. Parents' ontological beliefs regarding the use of conversational agents at home: resisting the neoliberal discourse.
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Kucirkova, Natalia and Hiniker, Alexis
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PARENT attitudes ,PRESCHOOL children ,PARENTS ,CHILD development ,DISCOURSE analysis ,NEOLIBERALISM ,CHATBOTS ,QUALITY of service - Abstract
This paper develops a critical perspective on the use of conversational agents (CAs) with children at home. Drawing on interviews with eleven parents of pre-school children living in Norway, we illustrate the ways in which parents resisted the values epitomised by CAs. We problematise CAs' attributes in light of parents' ontological perceptions of what it means to be human and outline how their attitudes correspond to Bourdieu's [1998a. Acts of Resistance. New York: New Press] concept of acts of resistance. For example, parents saw artificial conversation designed for profit as a potential threat to users' autonomy and the instant gratification of CAs as a threat to children's development. Parents' antecedent beliefs map onto the ontological tensions between human and non-human attributes and challenge the neoliberal discourse by demanding freedom and equality for users rather than productivity and economic gain. Parents' comments reflect the belief that artificial conversation with a machine inappropriately and ineffectively mimics a nuanced and intimate human-to-human experience in service of profit motives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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30. A Two-Step Synthetic Control Approach for Estimating Causal Effects of Marketing Events.
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Li, Kathleen T. and Shankar, Venkatesh
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EVENT marketing ,RESEARCH personnel ,INSPECTION & review ,TAMPONS ,CAUSAL inference - Abstract
Marketing researchers are often interested in estimating causal effects when a randomized experiment is infeasible. The synthetic control (SC) method has emerged as a powerful tool in these quasiexperimental settings. It is important to verify the SC parallel pretrends assumption, the testable part of the identifying assumption, because its violation may lead to biased estimates. However, no formal test exists, so researchers have to rely on visual inspection. Even with a formal test, researchers still need to know how to balance the bias-efficiency trade-off for the estimate. We fill this void and advance the two-step synthetic control (TSSC) approach that comprises a formal test for the SC pretrends assumption in the first step and recommends an appropriate method that balances the dual goal of reducing bias and increasing efficiency in the second step. Simulations show that the TSSC approach performs favorably in the bias-variance (bias-efficiency) trade-off. Applying the TSSC approach, we find that New York State's repeal of the tampon tax caused a positive and significant (2.08%) increase in weekly tampon sales. Using theory, simulations, and empirics, we demonstrate the importance, validity, and usefulness of the TSSC approach. This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4878. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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31. A(N) (ANARCHE)TYPICAL JOURNEY THROUGH NEW YORK: DON DELILLO’S COSMOPOLIS AS AN AMERICAN POSTMODERN ODYSSEY.
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BARBU, Maria
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ROMANIES ,HAIRDRESSERS ,AMERICAN literature - Abstract
Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Philologia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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32. Awareness, Acceptance, Avoidance: Home Care Aides' Approaches to Death and End-of-Life Care.
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Tsui, Emma K., Reckrey, Jennifer M., Franzosa, Emily, LaMonica, Marita, Gassama, Seedoumuktar, and Boerner, Kathrin
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HEALTH literacy ,POLICY sciences ,DEATH ,MEDICAL quality control ,RESEARCH funding ,INTERVIEWING ,WORK experience (Employment) ,ANXIETY ,TERMINAL care ,COMMITMENT (Psychology) ,NATIONAL competency-based educational tests ,PROFESSIONAL competence ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,WELL-being - Abstract
Death and dying are woven throughout the work of home care aides, and yet the care they provide at the end of life (EOL) remains poorly understood. This is due in part to the multiple circumstances under which aides provide EOL care. In this paper, we elucidate the EOL care experiences of aides working in home care agencies in New York City. We conducted in-depth interviews with 29 home care aides, and we analyzed these data using inductive, team-based methods. Our findings show that aides may not be aware of or accept a client's EOL status, and they may avoid EOL care. These conditions shape EOL care, and we detail the committed forms of care aides provide when they are aware and accepting. We recommend improved training, support systems, and policy change to enhance aides' contributions to EOL care, while protecting aides' health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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33. Truck Traffic during COVID-19 Restrictions.
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Koliou, Katerina, Parr, Scott A., Kaisar, Evangelos I., Murray-Tuite, Pamela, and Wolshon, Brian
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COVID-19 pandemic ,FREIGHT traffic ,PASSENGER traffic ,VIRAL transmission ,FREIGHT trucking ,TRUCKING - Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented impact on transportation worldwide. Significant decreases in transportation across all modes were evident and sustained as governments worldwide implemented various countrywide closures and quarantine restrictions to slow the spread of the virus. This paper quantifies and assesses daily vehicle counts by Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) vehicle classifications during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York and Florida throughout 2020. The study found that duringMarch and April of 2020, traffic among all investigated FHWA categories was significantly reduced in both Florida and New York. However, commodity carriers in both states were able to recover faster and remained more consistent than passenger vehicles. This pattern was also observed in both urban and rural communities in Florida. The findings of this work demonstrate how commodity carrier movements, assessed through FHWA vehicle category counts, were less impacted by the governmental restrictions during the pandemic than passenger transportation. While overall traffic volume dropped by more than half in most places at the height of the pandemic, larger commodity-carrying vehicles remained nearly unchanged from the prior year by June of 2020. This was likely because of the critical need to maintain trucking movements to sustain populations. Understanding how truck traffic and freight movements more broadly were impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic is critical in preserving the continuity of service and preventing supply shortages in the event of future outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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34. Stochastic portfolio optimization: A regret-based approach on volatility risk measures: An empirical evidence from The New York stock market.
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Larni-Fooeik, AmirMohammad, Sadjadi, Seyed Jafar, and Mohammadi, Emran
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PORTFOLIO management (Investments) ,FINANCIAL literacy ,BEHAVIORAL economics ,INVESTORS ,STOCKS (Finance) - Abstract
Portfolio optimization involves finding the ideal combination of securities and shares to reduce risk and increase profit in an investment. To assess the impact of risk in portfolio optimization, we utilize a significant volatility risk measure series. Behavioral finance biases play a critical role in portfolio optimization and the efficient allocation of stocks. Regret, within the realm of behavioral finance, is the feeling of remorse that causes hesitation in making significant decisions and avoiding actions that could lead to poor investment choices. This behavior often leads investors to hold onto losing investments for extended periods, refusing to acknowledge mistakes and accept losses. Ironically, by evading regret, investors may miss out on potential opportunities. in this paper, our purpose is to compare investment scenarios in the decision-making process and calculate the amount of regret obtained in each scenario. To accomplish this, we consider volatility risk metrics and utilize stochastic optimization to identify the most suitable scenario that not only maximizes yield in the investment portfolio and minimizes risk, but also minimizes resulting regret. To convert each multi-objective model into a single objective, we employ the augmented epsilon constraint (AEC) method to establish the Pareto efficiency frontier. As a means of validating the solution of this method, we analyze data spanning 20, 50, and 100 weeks from 150 selected stocks in the New York market based on fundamental analysis. The results show that the selection of the mad risk measure in the time horizon of 100 weeks with a regret rate of 0.104 is the most appropriate research scenario. this article recommended that investors diversify their portfolios by investing in a variety of assets. This can help reduce risk and increase overall returns and improve financial literacy among investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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35. Reclaimed ecotones in the climate change era: A long-durée framing of urban expansion in Mumbai, Amsterdam, New York, and Tokyo.
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Yıldız, Şevin
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ECOTONES ,CLIMATE change ,CITIES & towns ,URBAN fringe ,URBAN planners - Abstract
Transition ecologies, namely ecotones, are where life started. Deltas, estuaries, bayous, and wetlands are places where different ecosystems merge and evolutionary processes take place. This paper explores three time periods in four coastal cities to look at the relationship between environmental values and urban expansionist paradigms through reclamation projects. It argues that these thresholds, occurring contemporaneously in expanding metropolitan regions, correspond to changing conceptualizations of urban–nature relationships, in other words urban core's changing relationships to fringe ecosystems. The metropolitan regions used as case studies for this piece are Mumbai, Amsterdam, New York, and Tokyo. Each has used reclamation as a grand expansion strategy during political or economic transitions. During each grand alteration attempt in these regions, the developers, reclamation enthusiasts, or urban planners revisited the city's immediate ecological fringe for expansion, and following these revisitations, a new geographical order formed in their subsequent regions. The urban fringe has become the socio-spatial zone where new and experimental ideas about urban development encounter complex natural systems. The land-use negotiations and reclamation's role in shaping the urban–nature relationships are missing pieces of the planning field. Any future looking climate resiliency plan today should build on the reading of this palimpsest and understand how these environmental values were traded and how global expansion narratives transformed the urban–nature gradient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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36. Long-time dynamics of a problem of strain gradient porous elastic theory with nonlinear damping and source terms.
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Feng, B. and Silva, M. A. Jorge
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STRAINS & stresses (Mechanics) ,NONLINEAR theories ,NONLINEAR evolution equations ,VON Karman equations ,MONOTONE operators ,ATTRACTORS (Mathematics) ,FRACTALS - Abstract
Of concern is a problem of strain gradient porous elastic theory with nonlinear damping terms, whose constitutive equations contain higher-order derivatives of the displacement in the basic postulates. The paper is based on the theory of 'consistency' due to Aouadi et al. [J. Therm. Stress. 43(2)(2020), 191–209] and Ieşan [American Institute of Physics, Conference Proceedings, 1329 (2011), 130–149], and contains four results. We firstly show that the system is global well posed by using maximal monotone operator. The second main result is the existence of global attractors which is proved by the method developed by Chueshov and Lasiecka [Long-time behavior of second order evolution equations with nonlinear damping. Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. vol. 195, no. 912, Providence, 2008; Von Karman evolution equations: well-posedness and long-time dynamics. Springer Monographs in Mathematics, Springer, New York, 2010]. By showing the system is gradient and asymptotically smooth, we establish the existence of global attractors with finite fractal dimension via a stabilizability inequality. Then we study the continuity of global attractors regarding the parameter in a residual dense set. The above results allow the damping terms with polynomial growth. Finally we discuss the exponential decay and global boundedness to the linear case of damping terms of the system. The assumption of equal-speed wave propagations is not needed for all of results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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37. A Swell Neural Network Algorithm for Solving Time-Varying Path Query Problems with Privacy Protection.
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Zhao, Man
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PRIVACY ,ALGORITHMS ,DESIGN protection ,TRAINING needs - Abstract
In this paper, a swell neural network (SNN) algorithm was proposed for solving time-varying path query (TVPQ) problems with privacy protection with the following goals: (i) querying the K-nearest paths with time limitations in a time-varying scenario, and (ii) protecting private information from neighborhood attacks. The proposed SNN is a network in which the optimal paths can be calculated at the same time with no need for training. For TVPQ, a node is considered a neuron, and time-varying means that an edge has different costs in different time windows. For SNN, the query paths are swell sets from the start to the target within an upper limit. An encrypted index is designed for privacy protection. The evaluation of the efficiency and accuracy of the SNN was carried out based on New York road instances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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38. Forecasting East and West Coast Gasoline Prices with Tree-Based Machine Learning Algorithms.
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Sofianos, Emmanouil, Zaganidis, Emmanouil, Papadimitriou, Theophilos, and Gogas, Periklis
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MACHINE learning ,GAS prices ,RANDOM forest algorithms ,ENERGY industries ,DECISION trees ,GASOLINE - Abstract
This study aims to forecast New York and Los Angeles gasoline spot prices on a daily frequency. The dataset includes gasoline prices and a big set of 128 other relevant variables spanning the period from 17 February 2004 to 26 March 2022. These variables were fed to three tree-based machine learning algorithms: decision trees, random forest, and XGBoost. Furthermore, a variable importance measure (VIM) technique was applied to identify and rank the most important explanatory variables. The optimal model, a trained random forest, achieves a mean absolute percent error (MAPE) in the out-of-sample of 3.23% for the New York and 3.78% for the Los Angeles gasoline spot prices. The first lag, AR (1), of gasoline is the most important variable in both markets; the top five variables are all energy-related. This paper can strengthen the understanding of price determinants and has the potential to inform strategic decisions and policy directions within the energy sector, making it a valuable asset for both industry practitioners and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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39. Chaudhuri and Mukerjee ORRT for two sensitive characteristics and their overlap.
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Pushadapu, Kavya and Singh, Sarjinder
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RANDOMIZED response ,ODDS ratio ,STATISTICAL correlation - Abstract
In this paper, we extend the optional randomized response technique (ORRT) developed by Chaudhuri and Mukerjee [Optionally randomized response techniques. Bull. Calcutta Statist. Assoc. 1985;34:225–230; Randomized response: theory and techniques. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1988] to the situation of estimating the proportion of two sensitive characteristics and their overlap. Lee, Sedory and Singh [Estimating at least seven measures of qualitative variables from a single sample using randomized response technique. Stat Prob Lett. 2013;83(1):399–409; Estimation of odds ratio, attributable risk, relative risk, correlation coefficient and other parameters using randomized response techniques. Behaviormetrika. 2021;48:371–392.] have shown that their crossed model performs better than their simple model from an efficiency point of views. Here we investigated a further improvement in the crossed model along the lines of Chaudhuri and Mukerjee [Optionally randomized response techniques. Bull. Calcutta Statist. Assoc. 1985;34:225–230; Randomized response: theory and techniques. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1988]. New unbiased estimators are proposed, their variance expressions are derived and estimators of variances are suggested. Lastly, we carry out a simulation study to investigate the behaviour of the proposed estimators with respect to their competitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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40. Food sovereignty and displacement: gardening for food, mental health, and community connection.
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Minkoff-Zern, Laura-Anne, Walia, Bhavneet, Gangamma, Rashmi, and Zoodsma, Anna
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FOOD sovereignty ,MENTAL health ,REFUGEE children ,REFUGEE families ,GARDENING ,HEALTH promotion ,FOOD chemistry - Abstract
In this paper, we assess factors that underlie the relationship between gardening and improved mental health and food security outcomes among displaced people. Drawing on a mixed method study of refugee gardeners in New York, we argue that a food sovereignty framework better incorporates crucial factors such as cultural appropriateness of food, autonomy over food choices, and promotion of health and community, as compared with a food security analysis. We draw commonalities between Indigenous food sovereignty scholarship and the resettled refugee experience, making connections across conceptual and material divisions in scholarly literature and funding institutions. Our work helps researchers and practitioners understand the impacts of gardening on social and material outcomes for displaced people, and suggests global linkages between dispossessed immigrant and Indigenous peoples' food sovereignty movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. From Granary to Arts Incubator: An Evolutionary Perspective on the Concept of Food for Thought.
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Lopes Balsas, Carlos José
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VERNACULAR architecture ,BUILT environment ,ART & society ,GOVERNMENT policy ,INCUBATORS ,PROTEST songs ,INDIGENOUS children - Abstract
Does our food for thought come virtually from the internet? When we take a long view, the instant stroke of a keyboard pales in comparison to the centuries-old evolution of real food harvesting and the generation and exchange of ideas, which have resulted in creative capital. The vernacular architecture of the agricultural built environment has almost dematerialized in its transition from the ancient pre-industrial era to the post-truth world, to become almost only an imagined concept. The symbology of the common threshing terrace of a Portuguese remote mountain village can now be found in multiple spaces of the urban realm, including in the metaphor of a community arts incubator's modus operandi in Albany, New York (USA). How has the concept of food for thought developed and materialized? How has it evolved? And what are some of the expected ways it might be utilized in the future? The purpose of the paper is to trace the evolution of this concept and its elements via the BLC Framework. The methodology employs a time analysis of approximately three centuries to distinguish three distinct evolutionary phases: (i) the pre-industrial era, (ii) the industrial era, and (iii) the information-driven era. The key finding is an up-to-date discussion of the food for thought concept in two distinct geographical worlds and three-time eras, as well as a set of lessons learned according to a protest poem and a rock song. The results are presented in the form of five lessons learned with implications for public policy: the first two lessons pertain to issues of procedural justice as encapsulated in the anonymous 'The Goose' poem, while the last three result from a discussion of selected verses in Nick Cave's 'Fable of the Brown Ape' rock song. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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42. Debreu's choice model.
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Blavatskyy, Pavlo R.
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RED tape ,PROBABILITY theory ,BUSES ,AUTOMOBILES ,AXIOMS - Abstract
Debreu (American Economic Review 50:186–188, 1960) famously criticized Luce (Individual choice behavior, Wiley, New York, 1959) choice model with what became known as the red-bus blue-bus example: if a choice set contains two distinct alternatives C (car) and B (blue bus) then adding a third alternative A (red bus) that is essentially identical to B does not affect the choice probability of C but reduces the choice probability of B by half. Debreu's critique highlights the existence of substitution effects violating the principle of independence from irrelevant alternatives—the cornerstone of Luce (Individual choice behavior, Wiley, New York, 1959) choice model. This paper weakens this principle to construct a model of probabilistic choice satisfying Debreu's critique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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43. Information spillover in multiple zero-sum games.
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Pahl, Lucas
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ZERO sum games ,PERSUASION (Psychology) - Abstract
This paper considers an infinitely repeated three-player zero-sum game with two-sided incomplete information, in which an informed player plays two zero-sum games simultaneously at each stage against two uninformed players. This is a generalization of the model in Aumann et al. (Repeated games with incomplete information. MIT Press, New York, 1995) of two-player zero-sum one-sided incomplete information games. Under a correlated prior, the informed player faces the problem of how to optimally disclose information among two uninformed players in order to maximize his long-term average payoffs (i.e., undiscounted payoffs). Our objective is to understand the adverse effects of "information spillover" from one game to the other in the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player. We provide conditions under which the informed player can fully overcome such adverse effects and characterize equilibrium payoffs. In a second result, we show how the effects of information spillover on the equilibrium payoff set of the informed player might be severe. Finally, we compare our findings on the equilibrium-payoff set of the informed player with those of Bayesian Persuasion models with multiple receivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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44. Improved rates for a space–time FOSLS of parabolic PDEs.
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Gantner, Gregor and Stevenson, Rob
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SPACETIME ,HEAT equation ,APPROXIMATION error - Abstract
We consider the first-order system space–time formulation of the heat equation introduced by Bochev and Gunzburger (in: Bochev and Gunzburger (eds) Applied mathematical sciences, vol 166, Springer, New York, 2009), and analyzed by Führer and Karkulik (Comput Math Appl 92:27–36, 2021) and Gantner and Stevenson (ESAIM Math Model Numer Anal 55(1):283–299 2021), with solution components (u 1 , u 2) = (u , - ∇ x u) . The corresponding operator is boundedly invertible between a Hilbert space U and a Cartesian product of L 2 -type spaces, which facilitates easy first-order system least-squares (FOSLS) discretizations. Besides L 2 -norms of ∇ x u 1 and u 2 , the (graph) norm of U contains the L 2 -norm of ∂ t u 1 + div x u 2 . When applying standard finite elements w.r.t. simplicial partitions of the space–time cylinder, estimates of the approximation error w.r.t. the latter norm require higher-order smoothness of u 2 . In experiments for both uniform and adaptively refined partitions, this manifested itself in disappointingly low convergence rates for non-smooth solutions u. In this paper, we construct finite element spaces w.r.t. prismatic partitions. They come with a quasi-interpolant that satisfies a near commuting diagram in the sense that, apart from some harmless term, the aforementioned error depends exclusively on the smoothness of ∂ t u 1 + div x u 2 , i.e., of the forcing term f = (∂ t - Δ x) u . Numerical results show significantly improved convergence rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. GSTGAT: Gated spatiotemporal graph attention network for traffic demand forecasting.
- Author
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Yao, Shuilin, Zhang, Huizhen, Wang, Chenxi, Zeng, Dan, and Ye, Ming
- Subjects
COMPUTER network traffic ,TRAFFIC estimation ,INTELLIGENT transportation systems ,CITY traffic ,CYCLING - Abstract
Urban traffic demand forecasting is an important component in the implementation of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Urban traffic demand data is a spatiotemporal data, describing the amount of traffic demand generated by different areas or stations within a city along the time dimension. Although there has been considerable research work, researchers still face several challenges in predicting accurately, including the capture of hidden features in the temporal dimension of such spatiotemporal data, and the capture of dynamic dependent changes in the spatial dimension. These are even more difficult for long‐time series prediction tasks. This paper designs a multivariate temporal forecasting model specifically adapted to traffic demand to address these challenges, called the Gated Spatiotemporal Graph Attention Network (GSTGAT). GSTGAT is based on the Transformer framework and the whole model is used in an end‐to‐end manner. First of all, it uses the gated self‐attention to extract temporal features in the sequence. Secondly, graph attention is used to capture the spatial dependencies among different variables in the unstructured space. Finally, the use of gated recurrent units in combination with hidden spatial states is proposed to capture multiple levels of spatial dependencies. Experimental results on the taxi dataset in New York and the bicycle dataset in San Francisco Bay Area show that the authors' proposed model outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art models and improves the prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Verification of the Global Forecast System, North American Mesoscale Forecast System, and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model Near-Surface Forecasts by Use of the New York State Mesonet.
- Author
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Gaudet, Lauriana C., Sulia, Kara J., Torn, Ryan D., and Bassill, Nick P.
- Subjects
WIND forecasting ,PRECIPITATION forecasting ,WIND speed ,FORECASTING ,COLD (Temperature) ,NUMERICAL weather forecasting - Abstract
Global Forecast System (GFS), North American Mesoscale Forecast System (NAM), and High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) 2-m temperature, 10-m wind speed, and precipitation accumulation forecasts initialized at 1200 UTC are verified against New York State Mesonet (NYSM) observations from 1 January 2018 through 31 December 2021. NYSM observations at 126 site locations are used to calculate standard error statistics (e.g., forecast error, root-mean-square error) for temperature and wind speed and contingency table statistics for precipitation across forecast hours, meteorological seasons, and regions. The majority of the focus is placed on the first 18 forecast hours to allow for comparison among all three models. A daily NYSM station-mean temperature error analysis identified a slight cold bias at temperatures below 25°C in the GFS, a cool-to-warm bias as forecast temperatures warm in the HRRR, and a warm bias at temperatures above 30°C in each model. Differences arise when considering temperature biases with respect to lead times and seasons. Wind speeds are overforecast at all ranges in each season, and forecast wind speeds ≥ 18 m s−1 are rarely observed. Performance diagrams indicate overall good forecast performance at precipitation thresholds of 0.1–1.5 mm, but with a high frequency bias in the GFS and NAM. This paper provides an overview of deterministic forecast performance across New York State, with the aim of sharing common biases associated with temperature, wind speed, and precipitation with operational forecasters and is the first step in developing a real-time model forecast uncertainty prediction tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Improving Black Entrepreneurship through Cannabis-Related Education.
- Author
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Reid, Alicia E., Crump, Micah E. S., and Singh, Robert P.
- Subjects
BLACK people ,WEALTH inequality ,INCOME inequality ,ENTREPRENEURSHIP ,MARIJUANA industry - Abstract
Economic inequality is a significant and growing issue in the U.S., particularly within Black communities. Improving Black entrepreneurship is critical to addressing the economic gaps. In this paper, we discuss a unique, newly established educational program focused on cannabis education at Medgar Evers College (MEC) in New York. One of the goals of the new program is to increase Black entrepreneurship in the rapidly growing cannabis industry. For decades, cannabis use and distribution were criminal offenses that led to the disproportionate incarceration of Black individuals compared to White individuals. As it is being decriminalized across the country, and medical and recreational use spreads, the tool formerly used for Black incarceration can now become a tool for advancing Black entrepreneurship. To work and/or operate a venture in the cannabis industry requires students to understand a range of issues and build a strong foundation of broad knowledge. We discuss the emerging curricula and illustrate some of the elements that will help spur successful new venture creation led by Black and minority entrepreneurs in this exciting new field. Some early successes and lessons learned are discussed, which can help other educational institutions looking to create or improve their own cannabis-related curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Inverse scattering problem by the use of vortex Bessel beams.
- Author
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Balandin, Alexander L. and Kaneko, Akira
- Subjects
INVERSE problems ,TOMOGRAPHY ,INVERSE scattering transform ,VECTOR beams ,BESSEL beams ,ELECTROMAGNETIC radiation - Abstract
A major application of the inverse scattering and tomography methods is imaging all types of structural, physical, chemical and biological features of matter. The term vortex beam refers to a beam of electromagnetic radiation, electrons, photons or others—whose phase changes in corkscrew-like manner along the direction of propagation. The paper is devoted to the use of scalar Bessel beams of integer and fractional mode for the reconstruction of scattering potential. In practical applications, one naturally deals with Bessel beams truncated in the radial direction. The inversion formula for truncated Bessel beams is also obtained. Instead of the conventional Fourier diffraction theorem (Kak and Slaney in Principles of computerized tomographic imaging, SIAM, New York, 2001), the relations connecting the scattered field and the scattering potential in the Fourier space are obtained in the explicit form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. JPMorgan Chase, TD draw AI talent through research labs.
- Author
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Crosman, Penny
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,PROBLEM solving ,ENDOWMENTS ,RESEARCH teams ,RESEARCH institutes - Abstract
The New York bank's AI research group has published 400 papers, according to new research from Evident; TD Bank Group's Layer 6 unit published 14 last year. These groups work to solve real-life problems in the business units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
50. Utilizing Experiential Learning to Deepen Understanding in an MSW Macro Practice Class: Impact on Learning and EPAS Competencies.
- Author
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Lane, Margaret and Grape, Annette
- Subjects
- *
EXPERIENTIAL learning , *KOLB'S Experiential Learning theory , *SOCIAL work students , *SOCIAL advocacy , *CONCEPT learning , *SOCIAL services - Abstract
Experiential learning in Master of Social Work (MSW) programs can be an instrumental pedagogical method of juxtaposing theoretical knowledge with tangible hands-on approaches, enhancing student experience through incorporating curriculum beyond classroom settings. This paper seeks to employ the use of educational theorist David Kolb's Theory of Experiential Learning as the pedagogical framework to explore the impact of a community partnership with an upstate New York organ donation organization on master level social work students. Furthermore, this paper pursues an increased understanding of experiential learning and factors connecting social work theoretical concepts with the learning process in MSW programming. Student discussions voiced and illuminated a deeper understanding of macrocommunity concepts and demonstrated skills reflecting EPAS. Students' responses to participation in the experiential learning activity were emotional, compelling, and profound. Common areas of understanding gained by students were a clear awareness of the need for social work advocacy, measures to address social justice, and increased education for organ donations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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