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Parental reactions to children's negative emotions (PRCNEs), a type of emotion socialization, has been theorized to shape children's socioemotional development. Few studies have examined cultural variations in PRCNE among Western/Minority World cultures. The present study used a cross-cultural, preschool-based sample of 101 parent–child dyads (child age = 36–79 months, 42% females; parent age = 19–58 years, 89% mothers) from two countries: U.S. (n = 33, 58% White/European American, 87% with college or above education) and France (n = 68, 61% French or other European origin, 40% with college or above education). Parents self-reported PRCNEs across 12 hypothetical scenarios. Children's behavioral problems and prosocial behaviors were rated by parents and preschool teachers. Children's emotion knowledge was measured by a behavioral task. We examined (1) cultural group variations in PRCNEs, and (2) the relations between PRCNE and children's socioemotional outcomes. Controlling for demographics, French parents endorsed more non-supportive PRCNE than U.S. parents. Across both cultures, parents' higher use of distress and punitive reactions were linked to lower parent-rated child prosocial behaviors. These findings revealed differences and similarities in PRCNEs between French and U.S. families and have implications for early childhood education practices promoting socioemotional competence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known about the subject: Caring for a family member with a mental illness induces a burden on the caregiver, an impact on their quality of life and premature ageing of more than ten years. What the paper adds to existing knowledge: We conducted systematised and individualised nursing interviews with family members, on the first days of a relative's hospitalisation, during hospitalisation and three months after discharge.We observed persistent depressive symptoms during and after hospitalisation. Burden and depression were higher, and quality of life was lower, for women caregivers and when the caregivers admitted the patients involuntarily in the hospital ward. When the caregivers were experiencing a patient's first hospitalisation, we also found higher depressive symptoms and lower quality of life. What are the implications for practice: This study emphasises the need for new interventions such as psychoeducation to alleviate the suffering of families. Considering the burden of families could become a prevention objective from the patient's first hospitalisation and prevent them from mental or physical health problems. Introduction: The burden consequent to providing care to patients with psychiatric chronic conditions is often overlooked by health professionals. Aim: We assessed the impact of patients' psychiatric hospitalisation on their caregivers, through evaluating their suffering, burden and quality of life, in three stages: upon the patients' admission, their discharge and 3 months after their discharge. Method: In total, 127 caregivers of adult patients whose first hospitalisation was less than 5 years ago were assessed using the 36‐item Short‐Form Health Survey, the Zarit Burden Interview and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Results: Females and caregivers who admitted patients against their will experienced higher burden and depression and lower mental quality of life. We also found higher depressive symptoms and lower quality of life among caregivers during a patient's first hospitalisation. The caregiver's familial relationship to the patient was not associated with these outcomes. Finally, burden decreased and quality of life increased over time. Discussion: Results suggest that several variables associated with patient hospitalisations were correlated with burden, depression or quality of life. Implications for Practice: Burden could be targeted with interventions such as group psychoeducation for caregivers during or after the patient's hospitalisation, in order to reduce their distress and improve their quality of life. Psychiatric and mental health nurses can provide support to caregivers with systematic assessments of their burden and quality of life, so as to better meet their needs and promote their ability to cope with mental illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration studies have highlighted the crucial role of civil society organisations (CSOs) in the local politics of migration. Less explored is the impact of the material conditions under which CSOs operate. And yet CSOs delivering public services to migrant and racialised populations often rely on public funding which has been significantly restructured since neoliberal welfare reforms in many Western countries in the 1990s. This article examines how funding contexts shape the opportunities of CSOs to influence local policymaking on migration and migration-related change from a cross-country and cross-city comparative perspective. Based on the empirical analysis of four cities in France and Germany and a comprehensive dataset comprising interviews, observations and documents, we argue that funding contexts significantly impact on CSOs' potential to shape local policymaking. They do so by enhancing and restricting (1) CSOs' access to spaces of policymaking as well as (2) CSOs' capacities for political engagement. We demonstrate the mediating importance of specific funding structures and politics at both national and local scales as well as the role of state-CSO relations in manifesting and reproducing these funding contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physical activity (PA) provides physical and psychosocial benefits for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). However, practice levels remain below recommendations and strategies for promoting PA in specialist centers need to be better identified. The socio-ecological model of health emphasizes the central role of policies and environment in influencing individuals' health behaviors. This model provides a basis for understanding how health professionals perceive the promotion of PA in their centers. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore intervention components of PA promotion in specialized CF centers in France that are "experienced" in PA promotion, to identify elements that can be transferable to other centers. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 16 healthcare professionals and pwCF. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed using inductive and deductive methods classically used in psychology. Results: Five themes were extracted: the action and its context, the partnerships established around this action to promote physical activity, the evaluation of the action, its reproducibility, and the changes induced by COVID-19. Conclusions: Some factors emerged as essential for promoting PA among pwCF, notably the dialogue between the health professionals and patients, the presence of adapted PA instructors, and the involvement of partners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) display partially preserved morphology skills which they rely upon for reading and spelling. Therefore, we conducted explicit and intensive training of derivational morphology in French and Swiss individuals with DD, ages 9 to 14 years, in order to assess its effect on: morphological awareness, reading (speed and accuracy), and spelling. Our pre–posttest design included a group trained in derivational morphology and a group of children who continued their business-as-usual rehabilitation program with their speech-language therapist. Results showed effects on morphological awareness and on the spelling of complex words, with a large between-group effect size for trained items and a large to moderate effect size for untrained items. All these gains tended to be maintained over time on the delayed posttest, 2 months later. For reading, the results were more contrasted, with large between-group effect sizes for accuracy and speed for trained items, reducing to a small effect for accuracy on the delayed posttest. For untrained items, small effects were observed on accuracy (at both posttests) but not on speed. These results are very promising and argue in favor of using derivational morphology as a medium to improve literacy skills in French-speaking children and adolescents with DD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its prevalence, intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) remains a concealed and poorly understood form of violence against women. Although it is associated with numerous detrimental effects on mental health, very little is known about the subjective meaning of IPSV for survivors. This study addresses this gap by exploring IPSV from the perspective of female survivors within the context of their relationship with a male partner, using interpretative phenomenological analysis. This study seeks to provide a detailed examination of the personal experience of IPSV and to illuminate its meaning from a personal standpoint. We conducted in-depth interviews with seven IPSV survivors who were recruited after filing a complaint for intimate partner violence (IPV) in France. In total, five superordinate themes were identified: (a) "Setting the stage" describes how the complex dynamics preceding IPSV influence self-representation; (b) "Feeling like I'm nothing" describes the emotional experience of IPSV; (c) "Trying to get it, not getting it" describes how IPSV generates intense cognitive load; (d) "Looking back, developing a theory" describes how IPSV is interpreted retrospectively after breaking up with a violent partner; and (e) "Today: living with it" describes how IPSV affects the present. This study highlights how emotional distress and cognitive uncertainty are present on the way to IPSV, through IPSV, and even after filing charges and separating from the violent partner. Additionally, it shows that survivors attribute IPSV to a sense of individual vulnerability related to romantic love, hope, and traumatic childhood history. This study presents unique findings as it is the first one to explore the lived experience of IPSV among a sample of French IPV survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Timely diagnosis and management of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is essential for best outcomes. This study evaluated the differences of health access among cochlear implant (CI) centers of countries with different health care systems., Study Design: Retrospective., Setting: Multicenter, tertiary pediatric CI referral center in four different countries: United States (USA), France (FR), Australia (AUS), and Brazil (BR)., Patients: Pediatric (age 0-21 years (0-16 years AUS)) patients receiving CI between January 2017 and December 2019., Interventions: CI., Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcome measures included age at milestones in CI process and age at implantation., Results: There were 1,673 patients who underwent CI surgery at four multinational designated institutions were identified (n = 143 AUS; 153 BRA; 1,158 FR; and 219 USA). Median age at time of hearing loss diagnosis ( p < 0.0001), median age at hearing aid (HA) fitting ( p < 0.0001), and CI evaluation ( p < 0.0001) differed between countries. However, age at CI surgery was not significantly different between countries. Time from diagnosis to HA fitting was impacted by country ( p < 0.0001) and language ( p = 0.01) but not by private compared with public insurance. There were 512 children with available data regarding onset of hearing loss as prelingual n = 358 (70%) and postlingual n = 154 (30%). In patients with prelingual severe to profound hearing loss, country and race/ethnic origin affected age at diagnosis ( p < 0.0001, p = 0.001), HA fitting ( p < 0.0001, p < 0.001), candidacy evaluation ( p = 0.0001, p = 0.02), and CI surgery ( p = 0.0027, p = 0.001)., Conclusions: Age at pediatric CI was comparable across the CI centers compared in the four countries. This is encouraging given the effect of neuroplasticity on pediatric CI outcomes, despite different health care expenditures and delivery systems in the four countries. Improvement in care access for certain populations may decrease disparities in pediatric CI access worldwide., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: none., (Copyright © 2024, Otology & Neurotology, Inc.)

Current literature often links contentious protests with media hostility, showing that news outlets typically portray protests involving disruption or violence in a negative light. Contesting this literature, this work introduces an intersectional approach-focusing on geopolitics, protest goals and actions-to theorize divergences in the media framing of protests that entail violence. To illustrate these divergences, we use mixed methods-network analysis and content analysis-to examine an original dataset on U.S. media coverage of three large movements in different countries. These movements share similarities in their anti-status quo goals and contentious actions but differ in geopolitical locations: one taking place in the U.S., the second in a U.S. ally country, and the third in a non-ally country. As the first to apply network analysis in movement-media studies, this comparative study contributes to a systematic examination of media framing variations both within and across social movements. This work also complicates our understanding of violence and media representation by introducing a theoretically-informed approach that considers multiple factors simultaneously., (© 2024 London School of Economics and Political Science.)

Background: Evidence is mounting that domestic use of disinfectants and cleaning products (DCP), particularly in spray form, is associated with wheezing in children. Beyond the home environment, many children are also exposed to DCP in daycare. The links between daycare exposures to DCP and child respiratory health have never before been studied., Objectives: Evaluate the associations between daycare DCP use and wheeze among children., Methods: This cross-sectional study draws upon the data at inclusion for 536 children (mean age: 22.3 months; 47.4 % female) of the French CRESPI cohort (108 daycares in the Paris region, 2019-2022). Exposure to DCP was evaluated using a barcode-scanning smartphone application with an embedded questionnaire. An exposure score was calculated as the sum of frequencies of use of DCP for each daycare. Child wheezing outcomes (ever wheeze since birth, recurrent wheeze (≥3 times since birth), and wheeze ever treated with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)) were evaluated by parental questionnaire. Associations between daycare DCP exposure and wheezing outcomes were analyzed with Generalized Estimating Equations to account for a possible center effect, and adjusted for child age, parental smoking status, parental educational attainment, and daycare size., Results: The prevalence of ever wheeze was 32.1 %, that of recurrent wheeze 13.3 %, and that of wheeze ever treated with ICS 14.5 %. Above-median exposure scores (vs. ≤ median exposure scores) were associated with higher odds of wheeze ever treated with ICS (Odds Ratio = 1.72, 95 % Confidence Interval: 1.07-2.75) and ever wheeze (1.40, 0.98-2.00), but not with recurrent wheeze (1.35, 0.79-2.31). Relationships between specific DCP application modes and wheezing outcomes did not suggest a predominant role of specific modes., Discussion: Given the observed association between daycare DCP use and wheeze in children, measures which limit child exposure to DCP in care settings should be considered., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)