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The present paper examines the problematic issues of countering the criminal subculture in the conditions of the penitentiary system of Kazakhstan. Currently, the administration of these institutions, various state bodies, and numerous public organisations are engaged in the rehabilitation of prisoners. Through joint efforts, it was possible to stop the wide spread of criminal ideology in places of detention. At the same time, a detailed study of the current situation shows that the criminal subculture, primarily the phenomenon of "code-bound thieves", still plays a certain role there, since it was formed over many decades of Soviet and post-Soviet history. In modern conditions, this phenomenon has been significantly transformed, but nevertheless, it seeks to strengthen its influence in the penitentiary system of Kazakhstan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crime prevention, offender rehabilitation, and social reintegration are fundamentally important to South Africa's criminal justice system. A critical strategy deployed to ensure these is entrepreneurship education with the purpose to capacitate offenders with entrepreneurial skills, creativity, and innovation, prepare them for self-supporting life after release, and forestall repeat offending. This approach to ensuring self-reliance and discouraging recidivism -- as it would seem - appears to be skewed more in favour of long-term offenders than short offenders whose sentences are likely to terminate before they are able to benefit from this intervention. This paper thus foregrounds the necessity of doing justice to the coverage of entrepreneurship education by the South Africa's correctional institutions to short-term offenders to avoid the inadvertent alienation from the benefits inherent in entrepreneurial education. The shortness of short-term sentences must, however, be factored into the reform sought such that the entrepreneurial training does not necessarily have to be confined to the correctional institutions or limited to sentence duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into the multifaceted roles of prison libraries in rehabilitating and reintegrating incarcerated individuals. It begins by underscoring the significance of education in correctional facilities and the inherent challenges of providing access to educational resources due to security constraints. The primary objective of this study is to scrutinize the theoretical underpinnings that drive the rehabilitative functions of prison libraries and identify existing gaps in the literature. This research, through a comprehensive analysis of various empirical studies, reveals the pivotal role played by prison libraries in fostering personal growth, facilitating social integration among inmates, serving as havens where prisoners are afforded the autonomy to choose their reading materials, empowering them to enhance their lives through self-directed learning, and contributing to cultural enrichment, literacy advancement, and preparation for successful reintegration into society. The findings of this integrated literature review underscore the constructive influence of prison libraries on effective time management and offering meaningful activities for prisoner rehabilitation. This study highlights the need for further research that amalgamates robust theoretical frameworks with empirical evidence, thereby establishing how prison libraries can efficaciously contribute to prisoner rehabilitation. This study also informs policy formulation to enable correctional institutions to utilize these insights to bolster behavioural management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eradication of corruption is a top priority in efforts to build good governance and transparency in Indonesia. This study explores the implementation of poverty sanctions for corruption offenders as an effective strategy to recover state losses and deter future corruption. It examines the need for legal reform in criminal accountability to ensure fair restitution of state losses and a stronger deterrent effect. By analyzing the current Corruption Law and proposed revisions, the study highlights the potential for strengthening poverty sanction mechanisms in line with principles of justice and human rights. Findings suggest that measures such as asset freezing, prohibition from holding public office, and stringent financial monitoring can significantly contribute to combating corruption. Legal reform is crucial in providing a solid foundation for these efforts, with consistent and transparent implementation of revised regulations being key to success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prison staff face situations with conflicting interests and values. To strengthen craftsmanship Dutch prison staff reflected upon personal moral dilemmas during Moral Case Deliberation (MCD) sessions. This research aims to gain systematic insight into themes and moral dilemmas Dutch prison staff encounter. Evaluation-forms of 171 MCD-sessions were collected (N = 1065 MCD-participants, N = 171 MCD-facilitators) from 22 teams of different professional disciplines at 3 locations. Our qualitative thematic content analysis included 154 moral dilemmas. We noted the organizational level and professional disciplines the moral dilemmas related to, and how dilemmas were formulated. All professional disciplines within prison work show to encounter a wide range of moral dilemmas, which emerge in and between all organizational levels. "Security" and "cooperation" were frequently mentioned themes, while dilemmas relating to the rehabilitation of prisoners were underrepresented. Some formulations of moral dilemmas were based on frustrations toward colleagues or the organization, expressed "powerlessness" to change practice, or contained normative arguments instead of an open formulation. These insights call for structural facilitation of methods for prison staff to deal with moral dilemmas. Ethics Support Services (ESS), such as MCD-sessions, can be used to further strengthen the moral craftsmanship of prison staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous young children are encountering the dehumanising and net-widening effects of the adult criminal system-diversionary practices should be implemented to counteract this. The youth justice system ('YJS'), not unlikely a pendulum, swings between welfare and punishment, whilst a middle ground is yet to be established to effectively rehabilitate young offenders. This article explores the development and criticisms of the YJS, arguing maximum diversion and minimum intervention should be the fundamental principles of that system. A child-first, offendersecond approach should be adopted, to view children as individuals and incorporate them in the solution, rather than viewing them as the problem. This would reduce the racial disparity and enhance criminalisation of young BAME offenders by decreasing the distance they feel within the system. Creating educational and constructive strategies, and identifying a child's goals will empower young offenders to actively participate in rehabilitation processes and remove the stigmas associated with young offenders. This article concludes that curating welfare-focused diversionary strategies is an appropriate way to address the problems and needs of a child within the YJS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]