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This research aims to examine the performance of a Group delay filter and a twin ring filter at a radio frequency of 3.6 and 5.1 GHz, respectively. Using a Dual bandpass filter (BPF) constructed of Rogers TM material with a substrate thickness of 1.6mm, we were able to develop a dual band bandpass channel with a single notch for GSM and compare it to a Dual ring filter constructed of copper. The Edge-open Ring Resonator Dual-ring Filter is part of the first group, while the double-band BPF with a single notch was part of the second. There were 20 people in each of the groups. The G power statisticial tool is used to estimate the sample size at an 80% confidence level. According to the findings, the group delay at radio frequencies of 3.6 GHz and 5.1 GHz has grown to -20 rad/sec and -15.74 rad/sec, respectively. Ansoft HFSS version 15.0 software was used in the creation and analysis of this filter's performance. The p-value for the group delay value will be less than 0.05. Group delay is improved over that of a two ring filter by using a dual band bandpass filter with a single notch for GSM (global system for mobile communication). The calculated group latency and bandwidth are dramatically higher than those of dual bandpass filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this project is to design a single-band, innovative microstrip patch antenna with a rectangular form for use in the C-band radio frequency range and to evaluate its return loss in relation to that of a double-band, circular microstrip patch antenna. There are two teams working on this. Antennas with a rectangular form (the experimental group) and those with a circular patch (group 2) make up the two categories (Control group). The suggested design uses a substrate with a height of 1.6 mm, a material of FR4 Epoxy, a relative permittivity of=4, a base height of 0.035 mm, and a base material of copper. The 80 percent confidence interval is estimated using the G power statistical approach. Simulation The performance of the antenna was analysed and optimised using High frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS) version 15.0 software. With a return loss of -28.2607 dB at 6.5 GHz and -17.35 dB at 15.5 GHz, respectively, the antenna's rectangular form resonates at those radio frequencies. The 1.66 GHz and 2.7 GHz resonances of the circular antenna have a return loss of -24 dB and -16.4 dB, respectively. The developed antenna has a lower return loss than the referenced circular patch antenna. Since 0.01 is smaller than 0.05, the result is statistically significant. The developed antenna has a much lower return loss than the standard circular patch antenna. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this investigation, we use HFSS software to make a comparison between the insertion loss of a ring structure filter and an Innovative dual band bandpass filter for a single notch in the radio frequency range of 3.5 GHz to 5.2 GHz. The range of this comparison encompasses the range from 3.5 GHz to 5.2 GHz. We constructed a dual-band bandpass filter with a single notch utilising a ring filter and a Rogers 10MM material with a substrate thickness of 1.6 millimetres. The performance of this filter was compared to that of copper. The first group consisted of a double-band bandpass filter that had a notch in addition to a dual-band Ring Resonator bandpass filter. There were twenty people in each of the groups. The statistical measure known as G power is used in order to arrive at an appropriate sample size with a degree of confidence equal to 80 percent. The insertion loss was measured to be -0.4913 dB at a recurrence frequency of 3.5 GHz and -0.351 dB at a frequency of 5.2 GHz. Both of these values were found to be negative. Concerning the level of significance, it was found that the insertion loss value fell somewhere in the range of 0 to -5. Using the programme Ansoft HFSS version 15.0, we were able to both construct a prototype of a dual bandpass filter that really works and evaluate the filter's performance. In the event that the insertion loss value is found to be significant, the p-value will be lower than 0.05. The insertion loss of a dual band bandpass filter is smaller than that of a ring structure filter over the frequency range of 3.5 GHz to 5.2 GHz, which corresponds to the range of radio frequencies. The findings of the computer simulation demonstrate a substantial increase in the filter's bandwidth as well as its insertion loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]