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This paper demonstrates how the innovative application of a Collective Intelligence approach enhanced Local Skills Improvement Planning information for employers, education and skills training organisations and regional economic policy organisations. This took place within a Knowledge Transfer Partnership between a Chamber of Commerce and a University. This aimed to develop and deploy regional business intelligence for enhanced policy and decision-making in enterprise and economic development. The project converged knowledge from several research centres including economics, entrepreneurship and innovation, data science, and Artificial Intelligence. The paper presents a project case study which provides two contributions to applied knowledge. Firstly, it demonstrates how a Collective Intelligence (CI) approach can be applied to achieve rapid results in resolving the real-world problem of local skills information availability. Useful real-time data was gathered from employers in three sectors on skills requirements, supply and training. This was analysed using Artificial Intelligence tools, then shared publicly via an automated Internet portal, providing a scalable model for wider use. Secondly, it explores and evaluates how the knowledge exchange (KE) process can function effectively and quickly in applying CI-based innovation in practical ways which create new value, within a Knowledge Transfer Partnership between a University and Chamber of Commerce.environment.

Entrepreneurs play a crucial role in fostering innovation and fuelling economic growth. China has recently sought to increase entrepreneurial intention in university students by providing entrepreneurship education based on the model deployed by universities in Western cultures. Additionally, a longstanding challenge for universities has been the wellbeing of their students. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this issue, leading to enhancing the wellbeing of university students being declared a global priority. Consequently, by drawing on a framework of conservation of resources theory, the purpose of this paper is to conceptually develop and empirically validate a model for enhancing entrepreneurial intention and wellbeing in university students. The data were collected in December 2022 and January 2023. A total of 952 undergraduate students completed the questionnaire, with 476 responses from China and 476 from the UK. Findings indicate (i) positive associations between self-perceived academic performance and individual entrepreneurial intention, whereby self-perceived employability mediates the relationship, (ii) positive associations between serious leisure and wellbeing, whereby self-perceived employability mediates the relationship, and (iii) the country moderates the association between (a) serious leisure and wellbeing, and (b) serious leisure and self-perceived employability, whereby the association is stronger for China than for the UK. The theoretical contribution comes from constructing and empirically validating a model, evidencing alignment and divergence by country concerning acquiring specific personal resources via self-perceived academic performance, serious leisure, and self-perceived employability. Practical and policy implications arise from suggesting how higher education institutions can support their students to enhance individual entrepreneurial intention and wellbeing.

This study examines the effects of digitization on economic growth in Turkmenistan, emphasizing the legal framework and real-world applications. The definition of "digitalization", an analysis of its impact on the nation's economy, and a focus on its unique features are presented first. It then explores several critical issues regarding Turkmenistan's digital economy's progress, such as assessing its current economic situation, significant trends, innovation, and challenges. It examines the financial results of implementing the Concept for the Development of the Digital Economy for 2019–2025 and the impacts of these policies. The report's conclusion offers some recommendations and a breakdown of the challenges Turkmenistan faces as its digital economy expands, and how technology developments, digitization, and regulatory agendas affect Turkmenistan's and the Hainan Free Trade Port's economic growth in Turkmenistan. It examines the possible benefits of using digital technologies to promote trade facilitation and regional economic expansion. The potential and state of the country's digital economy are better understood. The investigation also emphasizes how vital digital technologies are to advancing society and creating jobs, and this research emphasizes the need for digitization as a successful tool for economic growth and highlights the need for a market economy based on a solid legal framework. One of the central tenets of Turkmenistan's economic strategy is the development of emerging digital technology. Considering China's experience, the paper examines Turkmenistan's digital economy's legal approach to technology use. Turkmenistan can benefit from this experience just by starting its digital transformation journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this topic lies in the need to use economic and management strategies that can help agricultural enterprises adapt to a changing environment and ensure sustainable and resilient growth in the future. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of economic and managerial factors on the development of agricultural enterprises, with a focus on creating sustainable business models. The methods used were analytical, statistical, and comparative. The paper examines the role of economics in the formation of sustainable business models of agricultural enterprises, focusing on optimizing the use of resources and adapting to market conditions. It is found that economic aspects include optimization of production processes, cost management and analysis of market trends. Efficient use of resources is a key aspect of sustainable business models of modern agricultural enterprises. The use of advanced technologies, such as precision farming and process mechanization, helps to increase productivity and reduce costs. Management of such market factors includes strategic planning, risk analysis and search for new development opportunities. An example of successful use of innovative technologies in agriculture is given on the sample of the American company John Deere. The article describes the strategy for developing sustainable business models for the Ukrainian company Myronivsky Hliboproduct, which includes the introduction of advanced agricultural technologies, diversification of production, optimization of resource use, development of local markets, improvement of risk management and promotion of social development of local communities. It is noted that the unfavourable conditions of war and economic instability pose serious challenges to the agricultural sector, but such conditions can also stimulate the search for new, more sustainable, and efficient business approaches. As a result, the development of sustainable business models for agricultural enterprises requires a comprehensive approach and systematic measures aimed at optimizing production, managing risks, and promoting the social development of local communities. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of increasing competitiveness, resource efficiency and sustainability in a changing market environment, which contributes to the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the dispute resolution procedure that innovative digital commerce has adopted for the future for sustainable business. As digital trade becomes increasingly important for economic growth, trade-related disputes must be settled in both business and consumer situations. This study examines the advantages of using digital technology to resolve disputes involving digital trade and discusses how digital technology is changing traditional dispute resolution procedures. Conventional trade disputes differ from their digital counterparts because the digital sphere gives rise to more complex trade conflicts that require stronger regulatory resources. The utilization of digital technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, innovation-based models, digital strategies, and others can enhance the efficacy of conflict resolution. Digital technology can assist in resolving disputes with digital trade, even though procedural fairness issues including prejudice and algorithmic opacity may also arise. The research highlights the importance of developing innovative techniques to set up trade dispute resolution procedures and building legal frameworks for jurisdiction, trial, and enforcement procedures in addition to stressing the usage of digital technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's global economy, clusters have emerged as crucial drivers of regional economic development and competitiveness. This article presents a comprehensive literature review that sheds light on the factors that influence the competitiveness of clusters. Drawing upon a broad range of scholarly sources across various fields, including economics, geography, and management, we synthesize existing research to identify and analyze the key determinants that shape cluster competitiveness. The review highlights the importance of several factors such as industry specialization, knowledge spillovers, innovation networks, infrastructure, and institutional support in enhancing the competitive performance of clusters. Furthermore, the paper critically examines the methodological approaches employed in studying cluster competitiveness, providing valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers. By analyzing and evaluating the literature, this paper provides a deeper understanding of the dynamics of cluster competitiveness. Therefore, the research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on this important subject and underscores the significance of clusters in shaping regional economic development and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the backdrop of the current political developments in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, such as Ukraine, Poland, and Romania, the question arises as to the role played by economic transformation and the resulting innovation linkages in these countries over the last 20 years. The main purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of economic and institutional dimensions on the development of CEE countries, explicitly distinguishing between European Union (EU) members and non‐members, and thus reflecting the differences in institutions and path dependency. Furthermore, the paper contrasts the performance of CEE countries with that of Western European countries. To achieve these objectives, the impact of factors such as innovation, institutions, and political practices on the economic development of 37 European countries from 2000 until 2020 is followed using fixed effects regression and Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. The results of the analysis show the importance of institutional factors such as low levels of corruption, political freedoms, and intellectual property. The effect of institutional variables was particularly pronounced in the case of non‐EU countries, which indicates the particular importance of the development of stable institutions for achieving higher levels of economic development for this category of countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current developments and trends that characterise the market economy system, in a context marked by many uncertainties and tensions of economic, social and political order, draw more and more attention to the need and importance that resilience has at organisational level. In a world subject to constant change, the need and ability to adapt to the new, imprints a new dynamic at the level of economic systems. If until recently, the economic strength of an organisation, the degree of technology and its ability to concentrate as large a share of the market as possible were considered elements of performance, the reality of recent years has highlighted the fact that they are no longer enough. Digital technology is developing intensively in the volatile and turbulent context of recent years, through the introduction of innovative technologies, the automation of economic processes, but also changes in the organisational culture of many companies. The challenge of today's digital economy is manifested by the need for continuous adaptation to the needs of markets. Starting from these aspects, the purpose of this paper is to verify the hypothesis that digitization is a key element in ensuring resilience at organisational level in the current economic context. Thus, this paper aims to carry out an analysis on the topic of "digitalization of organisations", through a bibliometric study, from a perspective involving resilience. Data was retrieved from the Web Of Science database and analysed using VOSviewer software. The results of the paper aim at outlining some directions regarding development strategies able at ensuring organisational resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Against the backdrop of frequent international trade frictions, reducing external risks in export trade through industrial policies has become crucial for China's high-quality and steady foreign trade development. This paper examines the impact of development zone upgrading policies on the diversification of firm product exports by using a time-varying difference-in-differences model. We find that after the upgrading of development zones, the diversification of firm product exports increases by 2.13%, and concentration decreases by 1.33%. Moreover, this policy has a stronger impact on the diversification level of product exports for firms upgraded to customs special supervision areas, located inland, and engaged in general trade. These conclusions remain robust even after conducting additional robustness tests using alternative measures of the dependent variable, different identification methods for development zone upgrading, and controlling for other industrial policy effects. Furthermore, the upgrading of development zones improves export diversification through three main channels: enhancing firm innovation capabilities, optimizing management efficiency, and providing financial support to firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern communication technologies make information more easily and quickly accessible, leading to more transparent and competitive markets. Based on a theoretical model, this paper provides new empirical evidence on the potential impact of online search intensity on asymmetric cost pass‐through. Prices often move as 'rockets and feathers': they rise quickly in response to cost increases and they fall slowly in response to cost reductions. A panel threshold error correction model is applied to weekly producer and retail prices of chicken and mutton in Iran. The results suggest that the volume of online searches is associated with a more complete and less asymmetric cost pass‐through from farmgate to retail prices. Thus, online platforms and search engines have the potential to increase competition by bringing prices closer together and reducing profit margins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing the impact of economic openness and institutional environment on technological innovation is of great significance for China to build a new system of open economy. This study investigates the short- and long-run effects of economic openness and institutional environment on innovation by applying a dynamic panel regression model and two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) method to dynamic panel data of China's 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government (referred to as provinces hereafter) from 2008 to 2017. Results indicate that trade openness impedes innovation, whereas foreign direct investment (FDI) significantly promotes China's innovation particularly in the long-run. The continuous improvement of institutional environment promotes domestic innovation particularly in the long run. The integration of economic openness and institutional environment magnifies the effects of trade openness and FDI on innovation. The effects of economic openness and institutional environment on innovation differ by region with a descending pattern from China's Eastern to the Central andWestern regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This short paper serves as an introduction to the special issue published in Geografiska Annaler B on the topic of innovation in the periphery. In addition to summarizing the main contributions included within the special issue, this piece reflects on the current state of knowledge in this sub-field and where the gaps are that need to be filled by research going forwards. This collection represents one step in this direction and pushes forward an interdisciplinary and varied approach to studying innovation in the periphery. There are three particular themes relating to innovation in the periphery that this piece picks up: defining peripheries, beyond technological innovation in the periphery and discourses of crisis in the periphery. It finishes with some suggestions for a roadmap, looking forward as to what the future of research in the periphery might be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While innovation is generally accepted as one of the drivers of economic growth, most innovation metrics are qualitative and have a relatively lesser impact on policymaking than their quantitative counterparts. With this challenge, this paper presents another quantitative metric: the Fluidity of Innovation applied in the Philippines from 2001 to 2021. The study analyses data from public government reports and reputable private entities using the contextualized Reynolds Number from fluid mechanics. The findings reveal a significant transformation in the Philippines' innovation, moving from a laminar (smooth and predictable) to a turbulent (rapid and complex) phase; this indicates the country has a growing capacity to cater to rapid development in technology such as Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Computers. Since the Philippines is leaning towards a turbulent flow of innovation, some technology will be felt as Radical Innovation instead of Disruptive Innovation across the industries that allow the labor force to experience empowerment rather than a complete layoff. This research contributes to the broader understanding of innovation's role in the Philippine economy and fiscal policies, particularly those for innovation and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local government investment can influence renewable energy technology innovation (RETI). Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2007 to 2019, this paper uses fixed effect models, partial linear generalized function coefficient models, and other methods to test the impact of local government investment preferences (LGIP) on RETI. The results are: (1) Productive investment preferences significantly inhibit RETI. (2) The impact of productive investment preferences on RETI is heterogeneous across economic development stages and regions. (3) With economic growth, the negative impact of productive investment preferences on RETI gradually decreases. The findings suggest that local governments should adjust investment patterns and appropriately reduce productive investment to improve RETI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between innovation and economic development has been extensively analyzed, highlighting how the national environment influences business innovation dynamics. In this context, the concept of the Triple Helix is introduced, identifying universities, firms, and governments as the main drivers of innovation development. The main objective of this paper is to deepen the understanding of the impact that cooperation and coopetition between these actors have on innovation dynamics. To achieve this, we compare two EU countries, focusing on product innovation following the Schumpeterian idea that economic development is driven by the introduction of new products. Data from 31,105 Spanish and 8224 Portuguese firms from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) 2018 were analyzed. The results confirm that these collaborative dynamics have a positive impact on product innovation. Furthermore, human resource management is shown to be a fundamental aspect in driving innovation processes within an organization. The national context has positioned itself as a determining factor in innovation dynamics. In particular, in this study, Portuguese companies demonstrate a greater positive impact of innovation in human resources on product innovation compared to Spanish companies. The strength of this research lies in the comparative framework established between the two countries, allowing for the detection of the influence of governments, universities, and other agents in the collaborative processes that drive innovation dynamics in companies. The model proposed in this research could be extended to compare other countries, helping to explain the relationship between innovation levels and the influence of the country effect on their economic development. • This research suggests that collaborative R&D improves HRM and product innovation, crucial aspects for company success. • The study compares Spain and Portugal, showing geographic location affects innovation differently in each country, • The article highlights the crucial role of universities and governments in innovation , following the Triple Helix model. • The concept of coopetition is key to fostering innovation and the efficient use of resources. • The study advocates for open, collaborative innovation models over traditional, isolated internal processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an analysis of companies developing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, this study offers fresh evidence on the role of innovation as one of the drivers of employment growth. GMM-SYS estimates on a worldwide longitudinal dataset covering 4,184 firms that patented inventions involving AI technologies between 2000 and 2016 show a positive and significant impact of AI patent families on employment. The effect, presumably of product innovations, is small in magnitude and limited to service sectors and younger firms, which are at the forefront of the leaders of the AI revolution. We also detect some evidence of increasing returns, suggesting that innovative companies more focused on AI technologies are achieving larger impacts in terms of job creation. • This paper studies the possible job creation effect of AI innovation activity. • GMM-SYS estimates show that patenting in AI increases employment of AI innovators. • Job creation is limited to service sectors and younger firms. • Specialization in AI inventions increases employment returns of AI patents. • The findings show a labor-friendly nature of AI innovative activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation districts have gained attention as a fast-spreading urban economic development strategy, raising numerous questions. What are their distinguishing attributes? Are they a substantive policy innovation? Are they likely to succeed in fostering innovation and economic dynamism? We propose a definition of innovation districts based on their characteristic features. Given the ambiguity of the term in practice, this is crucial for understanding and analyzing the strategy. We then evaluate innovation districts by applying theories and current understandings of the spatial and economic development aspects of innovation, entrepreneurship, and human capital, illustrating with examples from Boston, Detroit, Saint Louis, and San Diego. We conclude that the combination of components that comprises innovation districts is both new and valuable. Innovation districts present a potential pathway for advancing regional economic development goals via the pathways of innovation and entrepreneurship. We stress the importance of rigorous empirical evaluation and research regarding a variety of practical and strategic concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the current thrust to digitalize higher education in Zimbabwe as the country strives to attain its vision to become an upper middle-income economy by 2030. In this regard, Innovation and Industrialisation have been added as missions of special emphasis at all education levels. This entailed that Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) adopt the Education 5.0 model and accelerate digitalisation of their operations and curricula. Further impetus of the digitalisation drive emerged from the responses to the COVID-19, such as lockdowns and travel restrictions. This article examines the policy framework that was put in place to digitalise curricula and operation systems in HEIs. A desk review of literature was conducted to examine efforts underway to embrace digitalisation as a new feature and future of higher education. The study established that the majority of institutions have tended to adopt externally developed digitilisation models without adequately adapting them to local circumstances. The study recommends the need for distinct digitalisation policies at both Ministry and HEIs levels, to guide and prepare for the 'disruptive' effects of digitalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The current research aims to present a paradigmatic model of creativity, innovation, and entrepreneurship towards sustainable economic growth in business units (Case study: Home appliance manufacturers). This study is applied in purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Method: The research method is qualitative. The population of this study includes academic experts and executive managers in the home appliance industry, calculated as 11 individuals through snowball sampling and theoretical saturation point. The data collection tool is semi-structured interviews. The analysis of this part is conducted using grounded theory. Findings: The qualitative research results propose the desired paradigmatic model, emphasizing the response to the main research question in the form of six main categories and subcategories. Conclusion: Causal factors including organizational entrepreneurship, development of products based on industry standards and competitive advantage. Contextual factors include government support, developmental infrastructures, and financial support for standardization in entrepreneurship. Intervening factors include the product quality condition for competitiveness, sustainability categories, and attention to labor. Strategies include reforming laws, developing science and technology parks, and accelerating capital turnover. Outcomes include commercial and economic liberalization, development of the innovation and technology ecosystem, and increased productivity. The core category includes technology, ideation, employment generation, and international competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last decade has seen major transformations in the tourism sector, influenced by changes in consumer behaviour and the integration of technology. The Metaverse has emerged as a transformative force but with certain limitations. In this sense, the literature highlights the need to address research gaps in terms of the levels of acceptance of this new technology and with regard to the challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism sector. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to assess the adoption intention of high technology in tourism by small and medium-sized enterprises, focusing on the key role of the Metaverse as a new paradigm. For data collection, a total of 172 small and medium-sized enterprises have been surveyed using a double methodology, PLS-SEM and QCA, for the analysis. The results show that small and medium-sized tourism enterprises intend to adopt technologies associated with the Metaverse for the concept of Business Satisfaction rather than for the possible performance it may represent. These results represent an important advance in the understanding of the integration of Metaverse technologies in the tourism sector in this type of companies, where it can help to adopt diverse strategies in the business environment without having an excessive Resistance to Change, helping to be able to face it in conjunction with other capabilities.

While innovation is vital to economic growth, African nations lag far behind in the development frontier than China. The paradox is that most developing countries' investment in innovation is proportionately far less than their developed counterparts. This article examines the contributions of innovation investments towards economic development in South Africa. We employed the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound testing and the Granger causality approach to analyse the annual time series data from 1990 to 2022 from the South African Reserve Bank. The findings revealed the positive impact of innovation investments (expenditures on ICT and R&D) on economic development in South Africa. The current study employed a relatively new ARDL bounds testing approach to analyse quantitative data to provide empirical evidence, which according to the literature, is not always evident and remains hard to quantify on the impact of innovation investments on economic development in South Africa. The study recommends that developing economies address the basics in the form of robust investment in human capital and upward investments in higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to show through a theoretical overview that there is an inextricable link between economic growth, technological progress, innovation and intellectual property. This connection has been realized since the dawn of economic science, by economist theorists who, even without mathematical models, and some of them even before a terminological and legal framework covering the matter was created, managed to prove that without innovations and technologization of production and labor skills, it is not possible to achieve sustainable economic growth. The relationship between innovation and economic growth is also depicted through the EC’s innovation development index, where the difference in assessment between the developed economies of the so-called “Western worldˮ and developing, commodity economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report presents innovations as a way for education to develop and adapt to the coming changes and to offer the most useful and efficient services. Also presented are some innovative methods and tools for teaching and evaluating knowledge, which are applied in economics education in the first and second high school stages of profiled secondary schools and vocational high schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship holds a crucial function in addressing societal and economic issues like joblessness and inequalities between different regions. Acknowledging its significance, government officials and educational institutions exert considerable energy towards nurturing individuals into entrepreneurs. Multiple elements influence a person's path to becoming an entrepreneur. This research seeks to examine how one's entrepreneurial attitude (EA) impacts one's drive to become an entrepreneur, with passion and creativity serving as an intermediary in this connection. The research is explanatory and employs a surveybased approach. The findings convey that entrepreneurial attitude significantly influences the determination of female engineering students to pursue entrepreneurship. The study highlights the mediating roles of passion and creativity in the relationship between entrepreneurial attitude and intentions. While passion positively mediated the relationship, creativity had a negative mediating effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]