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(+)- and (-)-Tedanine [(+)-1 and (-)-1], a pair of new enantiomeric indolone alkaloids, along with nine compounds (2–10) were isolated from the marine sponge Tedania sp. The structures of (+)-1 and (-)-1 including absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic analysis and quantum chemical calculation. Compounds (+)-1 and (-)-1 were the first examples of indolone alkaloids isolated from this genus. In addition, the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of these compounds were also evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our continuous work on the isolation of endophytes, the endophytic fungal strain YIMF00209 was obtained from the roots of Gmelina arborea , which is an ethnic medicinal plant mainly distributed in Southeast Asia. The fermentation extracts of the strain exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus , Fusarium solani , and Escherichia coli. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, it was identified as Talaromyces muroii. Four new polyketides, talaromurolides A-D (1 – 4), along with 26 known compounds (5 – 30), were isolated from the culture broth of the strain in two different media. Their structures were identified based on HRESIMS, NMR, and CD spectral data. Among them, compounds 2 , 4 – 6 , 19 , 22 , 24 , 27 , 28 , and 30 were isolated from the fermentation broth in CYM medium; compounds 1 , 3 , 7 – 18 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 26 , and 29 were obtained from the fermentation broth in PDB medium; and compounds 2 , 5 , and 30 were existed in both two media. Compounds 6 – 9 , 12 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 23 , 25 , and 29 were obtained from the genus Talaromyces for the first time. The antimicrobial activities of several compounds were assayed against six pathogens. Compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activities against S. aureus , E. coli , Candida albicans , Salmonella typhimurium , and Botrytis cinerea with MIC value of 64 μg/mL. Compound 25 exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli with MIC value of 32 μg/mL. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four previously unreported diterpenoids including three ent -atisanes (1–3) and one ent -abietane (4), along with one known linear triterpenoid (5) and five known diterpenoids including four myrsinanes (6–9), and one abietane (10) have been isolated from the roots of Euphorbia spinidens Bornm. ex Prokh. The structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR and comparison of the data with those reported in the literature. Antimicrobial potential of isolated compounds were also evaluated. Guionianol B (10) showed good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel fungal polyketides, phometides A (1) and B (2), together with four known compounds (3–6), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Phoma sp. YUD17001 obtained from Gastrodia elata Blume. The structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses, X-ray crystal diffraction, and time-dependent density functional theory/electronic circular dichroism (TDDFT/ECD) calculations. Structurally, phometide A (1) represented the first example of C 12 polyketide characterized by an unusual tetrahydrobenzofuran-3(2 H)-one core with an α , β -unsaturated ketone functionality, while phometide B (2) was an unprecedented molecule containing a 2-pentylcycloheptan-1-one scaffold. In an antimicrobial activity assay, phometide A (1) exhibited significant inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus with MIC value of 4 μg/mL. Phometide B (2) showed moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans with an MIC value of 16 μg/mL. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities. [Display omitted] • Two novel fungal polyketides were identified from the endophytic fungus Phoma sp. YUD17001. • Phometide A possess an unusual tetrahydrobenzofuran-3(2 H)-one functionality. • Phometide B is a novel polyketone containing a 2-pentylcycloheptan-1-one scaffold. • Phometides A and B demonstrated antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and C. albicans , respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three undescribed compounds (1 – 3), including two butenolides and one indol alkaloids. Together with twenty-one known compounds (4 – 24) were isolated and identified from Lepidium obtusum Basin. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and ECD calculations. The isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Among them, compounds 11 , 12 , 14 , 21 and 23 showed moderated antimicrobial activities against (Candida albicans , E. coli , Staphylococcus aureus). Compounds 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 17 and 18 exhibited potent antioxidant activities against ABTS and DPPH. Compound 1 exhibited moderated anti-inflammatory activities. Compounds 4 – 24 were isolated from this plant for the first time. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]