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Objective To analyze the risk factors of persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus after radical hysterectomy for early cervical cancer. Methods A total of 159 early-stage cervical cancer patients who underwent radical hysterectomy or laparoscopic radical hysterectomy at the Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and November 2023 were selected. Based on the postoperative 1a follow-up visit for HR-HPV persistent infection status, they were divided into two groups: HR-HPV positive group （n = 41） and HR-HPV negative group （ n = 118） . The general data, vaginal microbiota status，surgical approach, postoperative pathology results， etc.， of the two groups of patients were analyzed to study the risk factors associated with postoperative HR-HPV persistence in early-stage cervical cancer patients. Results Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed that the HR-HPV persistent positive group and HR-HPV negative group, the risk factors of HR-HPV persistent positivity in patients with early cervical cancer after operation were menopause, late stage of operation, vaginal microecological disorder/sub-disorder （P < 0.05），but laparoscopic minimal invasive surgery was not. OR of vaginal microecological abnormality was 12.574，OR of menopause was 3.510. Conclusion Menopausal and vaginal microecological disorders are important risk factors for HR-HPV clearance in patients with radical hysterectomy for early cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]