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Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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O sítio arqueológico Caminho da Caiçara II está localizado no povoado Cadoz Velho, área rural do município de Piripiri, Piauí, Brasil. Consiste de um grande paredão vertical e de um pequeno bloco de arenito contendo 101 pinturas rupestres nas cores vermelha e amarela. São figuras abstratas e carimbos de mãos humanas, além de uma pegada de ave e de um propulsor de dardos. Há gravuras rupestres na forma de cúpules. Este artigo reporta os resultados do monitoramento in situ de parâmetros ambientais tais como temperatura e umidade relativa do ar ambiente, temperatura da rocha em áreas com e sem pinturas rupestres, além da velocidade dos ventos que atingem o sítio arqueológico investigado. Os dados experimentais obtidos indicam que a ação térmica nos filmes pictóricos das pinturas rupestres do sítio Caminho da Caiçara II é nitidamente mais intensa do que em outros sítios arqueológicos próximos. A incidência solar direta nas pinturas rupestres durante a maior parte do dia e do ano é o principal agente responsável pelo aquecimento elevado dos filmes pictóricos. ENGLISH: The Caminho da Caiçara II archaeological site is located in the village of Cadoz Velho, a rural area in the municipality of Piripiri, Piauí, Brazil. It consists of a large vertical wall and a small sandstone block containing 101 rock paintings in red and yellow colors. There are abstract figures and human handprints, as well as a bird´s footprint and a spear-thrower. There are rock engravings in the shape of cupules. This paper reports the results of in situ monitoring of environmental parameters such as ambient air temperature and relative humidity, rock temperature in areas with and without rock paintings, as well as the speed of the winds that reach the archaeological site under investigation. The experimental data obtained indicate that the thermal action on the pictorial films of the rock paintings from the Caminho da Caiçara II site is clearly more intense than in other nearby archaeological sites. Direct sunlight on the rock paintings for most of the day and year is the main agent responsible for the high heating of the pictorial films.

O sítio arqueológico Pedra das Letras está localizado no povoado Barro, área rural do município de Piripiri, Piauí, Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os primeiros dados do levantamento desse sítio arqueológico recém-cadastrado no IPHAN, além dos principais problemas que atuam em sua degradação. A Pedra das Letras consiste de um bloco de arenito contendo um pequeno abrigo rochoso elevado e um nicho lateral com pinturas rupestres vermelhas. Na parede rochosa do fundo do abrigo são encontradas 58 pinturas e no nicho lateral foram identificadas sete impressões de mãos. A figura mais recorrente nos painéis pictóricos é a impressão de mãos, tendo sido identificadas 45 representações desse motivo, elaboradas com diferentes técnicas de execução. As demais figuras foram atribuídas à classe de abstratas, algumas delas sem contorno nitidamente definido. Entre os principais problemas de conservação, destacam-se o avançado estado de degradação do arenito, ninhos de insetos (como cupins e vespas), eflorescências salinas, desgaste causado pelas águas das chuvas, e plantas presas ao bloco rochoso. ENGLISH: The Pedra das Letras archaeological site is located in the Barro village, a rural area in the municipality of Piripiri, Piauí, Brazil. The aim of this paper is to present the first data from the survey of this archaeological site, which has recently been registered at the IPHAN, as well as the main problems affecting its degradation. Pedra das Letras consists of a sandstone block containing a small elevated rock shelter and a side niche with red rock paintings. 58 paintings were found on the rock wall at the back of the shelter, and seven handprints have been identified in the side niche. The most frequent figure in the pictorial panels is the handprint, with 45 representations of this motif having been identified, made using different execution techniques. The remaining figures were attributed to the abstract class, some of them without a clearly defined outline. The main conservation problems include the advanced state of degradation of the sandstone, insect nests (such as termites and wasps), salt efflorescence, wear and tear caused by rainwater, and plants attached to the rock block.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo proponer nuevos enfoques para interpretaciones e inferencias en los contextos arqueológicos de sitios al aire libre relacionados con grupos de cazadores-recolectores que ocuparon los ecosistemas de las sabanas neotropicales de los cerrados brasileños que, debido a la escasez de elementos que puedan corroborar la identificación y caracterización de una posible dinámica sociocultural en torno al uso de los recursos naturales, tienen sus modelos económicos y de subsistencia basados en analogías y correlaciones etnográficas. Desde la perspectiva de los estudios arqueológicos y etnoarqueológicos, proponemos el uso de analogías, correlaciones y discusiones con grupos contemporáneos, que utilizan los recursos naturales de los bosques como principal fuente de alimentación y materiales, como una forma de reconstruir dinámicas del pasado mediante la aplicación de modelos en arqueología. ENGLISH: This paper aims to propose new approaches for interpretations and inferences in the archaeological contexts of outdoor sites related to hunter-gatherer groups who occupied the ecosystems of the Brazilian Cerrado neotropical savannas which, due to the scarcity of elements that can corroborate the identification and characterization of a possible sociocultural dynamics around the use of natural resources, have their economic and subsistence models based on ethnographic analogies and correlations. From the perspective of archaeological and ethnoarchaeological studies, we propose the use of analogies, correlations and discussions with contemporary groups, using natural resources of the forests as their main source of food and materials, as a way to reconstruct past dynamics through the application of models in archaeology.

Copyright of Relaciones Internacionales (1699-3950) is the property of Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain, International Relations Studies Group (GERI) Law Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista de la CEPAL is the property of United Nations Publications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la CEPAL is the property of United Nations Publications and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O Lajedo do Riacho Braço Forte é um sítio arqueológico a céu aberto localizado ao longo do leito rochoso do referido riacho, na área rural de Piripiri, norte do Piauí, Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar os primeiros dados do levantamento do sítio arqueológico recém-encontrado e seus problemas de conservação. O procedimento prático em campo constou de i) obtenção das coordenadas geográficas de localização; ii) levantamento dos amoladores-polidores fixos, dos almofarizes e das cúpules, assim como dos problemas de degradação; iii) registro fotográfico panorâmico e de detalhes dos vestígios arqueológicos e dos problemas de degradação; iv) prospecção no entorno do sítio e v) monitoramento em diferentes expedições. O novo sítio consiste de seis pontos de concentração de marcas de atividade humana antiga, tais como amoladores-polidores fixos (identificados nas formas canaleta ou friso, canoa e bacia de polimento), almofarizes ou pilões e cúpules, além de alguns vestígios líticos. Em termos numéricos foram encontrados mais de 11 almofarizes ou pilões, 6 vestígios líticos, mais de 42 amoladores-polidores fixos, além de algumas cúpules. O local é usado como área de lazer e para a lavagem de roupas e por isso enfrenta intensos problemas de degradação causados pelos usuários, sobretudo deposição de lixo, somados ao efeito erosivo natural e ao acúmulo de sucessivas gerações de microrganismos. ENGLISH: Lajedo do Riacho Braço Forte is an open-air archaeological site located along the rocky bed of the aforementioned stream, in the rural area of Piripiri, northern Piauí, Brazil. The aim of this paper is to present the first data from the survey of the recently found archaeological site and its conservation problems. The practical procedure in the field consisted of (i) obtaining the geographic coordinates of location; (ii) surveying the fixed sharpeners-polishers, mortars or pestles, and cupules, as well as the degradation problems; (iii) panoramic and detailed photographic recording of the archaeological remains and the degradation problems; (iv) prospecting around the site; and (v) monitoring in different expeditions. The new site consists of six points of concentration of ancient human activity marks, such as fixed sharpeners-polishers (identified in the forms of channel or frieze, canoe and polishing basin), mortars or pestles, and cupules, in addition to some lithic remains. In numerical terms, more than 11 mortars or pestles, 6 lithic vestiges, more than 42 fixed sharpeners-polishers, as well as some cupules, were found. The site is used as a recreational area and for washing clothes, and therefore faces intense degradation problems caused by users, especially garbage dumping, in addition to the natural erosive effect and the accumulation of successive generations of microorganisms.

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This paper analyzes the morphological differences in traditional urban architecture in Brazil between the typologies of rowhouses and urban or suburban mansions, from the mid-eighteenth to the early twentieth century. It focuses on the relatively uniform and conservative context of the states of Rio de Janeiro, Goiás (including Tocantins), and Minas Gerais. This study highlights defining characteristics of each of the two typological series. While most previous studies have looked at tree graph analysis to assess the topological connections between individual spaces, this research turns to intervisibility analysis, evidencing the morphological centers of compositions. The results highlight how visual integration analysis confirms the overlap between the spatial composition of both rowhouses and mansions and the attributes of social life specific to each of these typologies. These attributes include the location of the family room in the rear of rowhouses and, in contrast, the primacy of ceremonial spaces in the front of mansions.

The family Polymixiidae is an ancient group of acanthomorph fish, often regarded as living fossils. Currently, there are 11 valid species allocated in the genus Polymixia , and commonly known as beardfish. All species are benthopelagic and can be found at depths between 80 and 800 meters, in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Traditionally, only two species had been assigned to the Atlantic Ocean, P. lowei , in the western Atlantic, and P. nobilis , in the North Atlantic, including northern South America and Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago; however, recent studies revealed a cryptic species from the Bermudas, described as P. hollisterae , and a yet undescribed species from the Caribbean Sea. Herein, we describe a new species of Polymixia from the western South Atlantic, which was previously confused with P. lowei. The new species is supported by both morphological and molecular evidence and can be distinguished among its congeners by a combination of characters, including counts of gill rakers, pyloric caeca, and dorsal-fin rays, arrangement of scales spines, and the shape of preopercle. The new species is distributed on the upper continental slope in Brazil, from Bahia to Rio Grande do Sul, and Uruguay, between 160 and 600 meters deep. • A new species of the living fossil genus Polymixia is described. • Integrative taxonomy reveals a new beardfish from the western South Atlantic. • The Atlantic Ocean harbors a cryptic diversity of the deep-sea genus Polymixia. • Molecular phylogeny reveals allopatric speciation between North and South Atlantic. • Industrial activities and marine litter are threatening Brazilian deep-sea fish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]