Search

Objective/Background: Bacillus is a cosmopolitan bacterial genus with a great genome diversity. Thus, by exploring its genome background, it is possible to understand more about the physiological and biochemical traits involved in its biological control against phytopathogens. The objective of this work was to correlate the phylogenomic relationships of the type species of the genus Bacillus with the presence of gene clusters associated with biological control of plant pathogens, through genome mining. Materials and Methods: Based on the literature, 336 species belonging to the genus Bacillus have been reported; however, after re-classification, a total of 123 type species have been recognized, and curated genomes were found in the EzBioCloud platform (http://www.ezbiocloud.net/). The overall genome relatedness indices (OGRIs) were used for this work, which indicate how similar two sequences of a genome are. Then, the Realphy platform was used to create the phylogenomic tree 1.13 (Action-based phylogeny constructor reference). Finally, the prediction of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) associated with the biological control of phytopathogens was carried out using antiSMASH v6.0 (https://antismash. secondarymetabolites.org/). Results: The present strategy allowed us to correlate and predict the biological control capacity of the Bacillus species under study based on their taxonomic affiliation since at a shorter evolutionary distance from Bacillus subtilis a high potential capacity to produce biological control compounds was observed. However, the possibility that they acquire the ability to produce new biocontrol compounds during their evolutionary separation is not ruled out. Conclusion: This work validates the correlation between the taxonomic affiliation of the studied Bacillus species and their biological control capacity, which is useful in the bioprospecting stage to design promising biopesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation with glutamine and glutamic acid (Gln+Glu) on performance, intestinal morphometry, and carcass characteristics of broiler quails. Eight hundred birds were used, distributed in an entirely randomized design with 20 birds per experimental unit, and given five treatments (0.0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; and 0.8% Gln+Glu supplementation) with eight replicates. At 1-21 days of age, lower (P < 0.05) feed intake at 0.6 and 0.8% Gln+Glu supplementation and lower weight gain at 0.8% Gln+Glu supplementation compared to the control treatment were observed. By regression analysis, excluding the control treatment, there was an increasing linear effect (P < 0.05) for feed intake at 22 to 42 days of age. For intestinal morphometry, Gln+Glu supplementation only favored the villus development of the ileum (P < 0.05), giving it greater height at 0.2, 0.6, and 0.8% supplementation. Carcass characteristics, cuts, and edible viscera of the birds at 42 days were not affected (P > 0.05) by Gln+Glu supplementation levels. Thus, the glutamine and glutamic acid supplementation affected the performance and intestinal morphology of 21-d-old quails, decreasing feed intake and weight gain associated with the improvement of ileum morphology; conversely, performance and carcass characteristics at 42 days were not affected by amino acid supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]