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[Display omitted] Antifouling coatings play a crucial role in preventing the adhesion of marine organisms, bacteria, and blood, making them a primary strategy for combating biofouling in the marine industry. However, conventional antifouling coatings suffer from drawbacks such as high toxicity, limited abrasion resistance, and unstable polymer degradation rates, which can have adverse effects on the environment, economy, and human health. Thus, there is an urgent need for the development of sustainable and nontoxic antifouling coatings. This review first presents four major antifouling strategies: traditional coatings based on wettability, traditional coatings with protective structures, nontoxic coatings based on main chain degradable polymers, and nontoxic coatings combining main chain degradation with branch chain hydrolysis polymers. Second, the review provides a comprehensive overview of antifouling coatings with diverse functionalities, including antibacterial, anti-protein, anti-blood, anti-incrusting, adhesive, self-healing, and corrosion-resistant properties. Then, the application of antifouling coatings in marine environments and the medical field is thoroughly explored. Additionally, the review addresses the current challenges encountered by antifouling coatings. Finally, a forward-looking perspective is presented, envisioning future advancements in this field. By addressing these aspects, this review aims to stimulate further development and innovation in the realm of antifouling coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Durable superhydrophobic anti‐erosion/anticorrosion coatings are highly demanded across various applications. However, achieving coatings with exceptional superhydrophobicity, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance remains a grand challenge. Herein, a robust microstructure coating, inspired by the cylindrical structures situated on the surface of conch shell, for mitigating erosion and corrosion damages in gas transportation pipelines is reported. Specifically, citric acid monohydrate as a pore‐forming agent is leveraged to create a porous structure between layers, effectively buffering the impact on the surface. As a result, the coating demonstrates remarkable wear resistance and water repellency. Importantly, even after abrasion by sandpaper and an erosion loop test, the resulting superhydrophobic surfaces retain the water repellency. The design strategy offers a promising route to manufacturing multifunctional materials with desired features and structural complexities, thereby enabling effective self‐cleaning and antifouling abilities in harsh operating environments for an array of applications, including self‐cleaning windows, antifouling coatings for medical devices, and anti‐erosion/anticorrosion protection, among other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A PNIPAAm hydrogel and PDA/PPy modified 3D raised-fabric was developed for atmospheric water harvesting. • It exhibits high moisture absorption (3.1 g·g−1) and water desorption properties (1.75 kg·m−2·h−1). • The PNIPAAm hydrogel based 3D raised-fabric can be readily fabricated for scalable production. • The collected water is in full compliance with the drinking requirements of WHO and EPA. Atmospheric water harvesting is a promising approach for obtaining freshwater resources, but achieving high levels of light absorption, hygroscopic capacity, and desorption efficiency simultaneously remains a challenge. In this study, we developed an innovative atmospheric water harvester that incorporates a poly(N -isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel and a polydopamine/polypyrrole-modified 3D raised-fabric. The interlacing structure and polydopamine/polypyrrole synergistically enhance the harvester's photothermal conversion capability, while the hydrogel-modified raised-fabric with its increased pore structure and high specific surface area ensures effective contact between the internal adsorbent and external moisture, thereby improving moisture capture and storage capacity. Our results indicate that the hydrogel-modified 3D raised-fabric has excellent photothermal conversion performance, as evidenced by its rapid temperature rise to 75.9 °C under 1 sun light intensity, which effectively promotes water evaporation and harvesting. Furthermore, the 3D raised-fabric exhibits exceptional water absorption (3.1 g g−1, RH 90%) and water desorption (1.75 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun) properties. Overall, the 3D raised-fabric with its integrated photothermal, hygroscopic, and hydrophobic properties can effectively collect water under low humidity conditions, making it a promising solution for water scarcity issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Abiraterone acetate, a prodrug of abiraterone (ABI), provides an efficient therapeutic option for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients. ABI undergoes extensive metabolism in vivo and is transformed into active metabolites Δ4‐abiraterone and 3‐keto‐5α‐abiraterone as well as inactive metabolites abiraterone sulfate and abiraterone N‐oxide sulfate. We aimed to examine the effect of polymorphisms in SLCO2B1, CYP3A4 and UGT1A4 on the pharmacokinetics of ABI and its metabolites. Methods: In this study, 81 healthy Chinese subjects were enrolled and divided into 2 groups for fasted (n = 45) and fed (n = 36) studies. Plasma samples were collected after administering a 250 mg abiraterone acetate tablet followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Genotyping was performed on a MassARRAY system. The association between SLCO2B1, CYP3A4, UGT1A4 genotype and pharmacokinetic parameters of ABI and its metabolites was assessed. Results: Food effect study demonstrated high fat meal remarkedly increased systemic exposure of ABI and its metabolites. The geometric mean ratio and 90% confidence interval of area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0‐t) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of ABI in fed state vs. fasted state were 351.64% (286.86%–431.04%) and 478.45% (390.01%–586.94%), respectively, while the corresponding results were ranging from 145.11% to 269.42% and 150.10% to 478.45% for AUC0‐t and Cmax of ABI metabolites in fed state vs. fasted state, respectively. The SLCO2B1 rs1077858 had a significant influence on AUC0‐t and Cmax, while 7 other SLCO2B1 variants prolonged half‐life of ABI under both fasted and fed conditions. As for ABI metabolites, the systemic exposure of Δ4‐abiraterone, abiraterone sulfate and abiraterone N‐oxide sulfate as well as the elimination of 3‐keto‐5α‐abiraterone were significantly affected by SLCO2B1 polymorphisms. Polymorphisms in CYP3A4 and UGT1A4 did not significantly affect pharmacokinetics of ABI and its metabolites. Conclusion: Polymorphisms in SLCO2B1 were significantly related to the pharmacokinetic variability of ABI and its metabolites under both fasted and fed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When PPS was invaded by free radicals, Bis-mAO-SiO 2 , which was uniformly dispersed in PPS with high thermal stability and antioxidant efficiency, quickly provided a lively hydrogen atom to combine with the free radicals generated at the early stage of oxidation, blocking the oxidation process of PPS free radicals and inhibiting the oxidative degradation of PPS to the maximum extent. [Display omitted] • Bis-mAO-SiO 2 containing bis-hindered phenolic antioxidant was innovatively prepared. • PPS/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 composite was manufactured via melt processing. • Bis-mAO-SiO 2 effectively retarded the oxidative degradation of PPS. • Provides a good insight for the antioxidant modification of PPS and other materials. In recent years, loading antioxidants onto inorganic nanoparticles has attracted increasing interest. However, the existing studies not only have low antioxidant loading efficiency, but also ignore the relationship between structural changes and antioxidant properties before and after antioxidant modification, greatly limiting the improvement of the antioxidant properties of composites and their application scope. In this work, we successfully prepared bis-hindered phenolic antioxidants containing silica hydroxyl groups (Bis-mAO) and loaded them onto silicon dioxide (SiO 2) to get the nanocomposites (Bis-mAO-SiO 2). The melt blending method further prepared the corresponding polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 composites. The results showed that the higher antioxidant loading and more suitable antioxidant structure made Bis-mAO-SiO 2 possess excellent antioxidant properties. The prepared PPS/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 composites remained stable under high temperatures and oxygen environments. Impressively, the maximum weight loss rate temperature of PPS/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 was increased by 11.60 °C compared to that of PPS, and after accelerated thermal oxidation at 220 °C for 24 h, the relative intensity ratio between O and C of PPS/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 only increased to 0.086, much lower than 0.132 for PPS. Moreover, the viscosity of PPS/Bis-mAO-SiO 2 only increased by 29.05 % and 88.75 % after accelerated thermal oxidation at 220 °C for 12, 24 h. Compared, PPS's viscosity increased substantially by 79.22 % and 250.3 %, respectively. This meant that the Bis-mAO-SiO 2 successfully achieved a synergistic integration of high antioxidant properties and thermal stability, implying that the work offered a strategy for fabricating high-temperature resistant antioxidant composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hard carbon with abundant resources, low-cost, and high specific capacity, is a promising anode material for large-scale sodium-ion batteries. However, the poor rate performance of hard carbon suffers from serious challenges due to sluggish ion transport dynamic behavior, especially at low potential, in high power density of sodium-ion batteries. To address this issue, we introduce an ionic-conductive sodium-titanate into hard carbon to boost its sodium-ion transport kinetics via constructing a dual ionic-electronic conducting network in hard carbon anode. Benefiting from our design, the optimized hard carbon-sodium titanate electrode achieves high specific capacity of 137 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 10 A g−1, compared to that of hard carbon of 25 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1. Remarkably, it also exhibits an excellent capacity retention of 71.4% at the current density of 2.0 A g−1 after 800 cycles. This work presents a practical strategy for high-rate hard carbon design and provides valuable insights into the construction of high-rate anode for advanced sodium-ion batteries. • The high dual ionic-electronic conducting network of hard carbon was developed. • It achieved high specific capacity of 137 mAh g−1 ∼10 A g−1 (hard carbon ∼25 mAh g−1). • It realized excellent capacity retention of 71.4% ∼ 2.0 A g−1 after 800 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-temperature particulate matter (PM), commonly produced by daily power generation, industrial smokestacks, and vehicle exhaust emissions, causes a significant risk to public health and environmental sustainability. The current strategy for solving these problems is to utilize adsorption filtration technology. In this work, we successfully constructed a bioinspired honeycomb structured aerogel with nano/micron fiber-reinforced polyimide gradient by using two strategies of fiber-reinforced filler and stepwise directional freezing technique. It overcomes the high shrinkage of polyimide aerogel and exhibits super elastic recovery performance without damage after 100 compression cycles at 50% strain, as well as high flame-retardancy and low thermal conductivity (32.14 mW m−1 K−1). Meanwhile, it shows excellent air filtration efficiency of about 97% and pressure drop of about 90 Pa after 50 cycles, as well as an excellent oil/organic solvent absorption performance and recoverability. In principle, the gradient structure with gradual change shows the "medium pore-small pore" cascade interception effect in the direction of airflow velocity propagation, which successfully achieves the selective and precise interception of polydisperse particles and the stratified accumulation of particles. It further significantly extends the filter service life and provides new insights into the upgrade of new high-temperature filters with significant research implications. [Display omitted] • A gradient polyimide aerogel is constructed by using fiber-reinforced filler and stepwise directional freezing technique. • The fiber-reinforced aerogel shows high mechanical stability and super elastic recovery performance. • It exhibits high flame retardancy and low thermal conductivity (32.14 mW (m K)−1). • The gradient aerogel shows an excellent air filtration efficiency of 97% and pressure drop of about 90 Pa after 50 cycles. • The large-scale preparation of aerogel is feasible due to simple methods and low-cost materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and mildly rapid preparation strategy is developed to accelerate polymerization by UV-induced excitation of ferric phytate ligands and generation of free radicals by electron transfer. The introduction of phytic acid provides a synergy between excellent electrical conductivity and anti-freezing the hydrogel through ionization and hydrogen bonding, which enables hydrogel-based strain sensors to show great potential for stable detection of physiological activities in low-temperature environments. [Display omitted] • Anti-freezing, ion-conducting and stretchable hydrogels are developed. • A rapid gelation process in 90s with UV induced iron phytate. • The hydrogel shows good sensing properties at −30℃ with 97% gauge factor retention. • A novel hydrogel-based temperature control switch is demonstrated. Conductive hydrogels have great potential in flexible electronics due to their flexibility, excellent biocompatibility and diverse functionalities. However, most rapid-gelation hydrogels tend to manifest weak and fragile due to vigorous reaction process and poor adaptability in cryogenic environment, which severely impede their practical applications. Herein, a facile and mild strategy for rapid gelation is proposed that accelerates polymerization by generating reactive oxygen radicals via electron transfer based on the excitation of ferric phytate ligands under UV irradiation, which takes only 17 s to initiate. Interestingly, the introduced phytic acid imparts the hydrogel excellent electrical conductivity (12 ms/cm), frost resistance (−31℃) and improves tensile properties (elongation at break 1299 %). The hydrogel that combines the above merits inspires the construction of strain sensor for monitoring physiological activity of low-temperature environments. This study provides a simple and universal approach for the rapid preparation of antifreeze hydrogels and reinforces the focus on sustainable and high-value utilization of phytic acid in advanced applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vertically oriented porous PVA hydrogel and PDA/CB modified 3D raised-fabric are innovatively designed as an solar evaporator to enhance the evaporation rate, conversion efficiency and self-desalting performance. [Display omitted] • A super water transport PVA hydrogel and PDA/CB modified 3D raised-fabric are innovatively designed as solar evaporators. • It exhibits high water evaporability (1.73 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun) and conversion efficiency (91.9 %). • The 3D raised-fabric solar evaporator system can be readily fabricated for scalable production. • The collected water is in full compliance with the drinking requirements of WHO and EPA. A solar evaporator with simple fabrication process, exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency and dependable continuous water evaporation holds significant potential for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. Despite the substantial research dedicated to developing high-efficiency solar evaporators, there remains a need for additional exploration to tackle concerns such as salt crystallization, low evaporation efficiency, poor durability and stability. Here, an efficient water transport PVA hydrogel (water transport layer) and polydopamine/carbon black modified 3D raised-fabric (photothermal layer) are innovatively designed as solar evaporators. The synergistic effect between the periodic raised structure and polydopamine/carbon black results in outstanding photothermal conversion capabilities of PDA/CB@RF. Meanwhile, the porous structure of PVA hydrogel and its vertically aligned channels facilitate ion exchange and ensure a consistent water supply to the photothermal layer. This phenomenon serves to prevent the accumulation of salt in the photothermal layer, thereby markedly enhance the water evaporation capability of the PDA/CB@RF evaporator. The results demonstrate that the PDA/CB@RF evaporator system exhibits excellent photothermal conversion performance with its surface temperature rapidly ascending to 73.3 ℃ under 1 sun light intensity, and effectively boost the water evaporation rate (1.73 kg m-2h−1, 1 sun). Furthermore, the PDA/CB@RF evaporator exhibits excellent conversion efficiency (91.9 %) and self-desalting capability. Overall, this solar evaporator system with a 3D raised fabric design integrates light and thermal energy, consistent water evaporation and self-desalting functionalities, which makes it hold the potential to solve the pressing challenge of water shortage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a stainless steel mesh coated with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 @SSM) membrane was developed for the separation of stable oil-water emulsions and the degradation of soluble pollutants. The TiO 2 @SSM membrane showed excellent underwater anti-oil adhesion performance and efficient emulsion separation under gravity (flux of 207.7 L m−2 h−1 and efficiency of 99.58 % for toluene-water emulsion). The emulsion could also be pre-broken by microbubble flotation to enhance the separation performance of the TiO 2 @SSM membrane (microbubble flotation followed by separation has a flux of 369.3 L m−2 h−1, and efficiency of 99.71 %). And the synergistic operation of separation and microbubble flotation can increase the flux to 451.6 L m−2 h−1. The membrane showed outstanding stability and could be recycled for more than 20 times without significant deterioration, and demonstrated chemical stability for corrosion resistance test (pH 0–14). In addition, the membrane, which is easily modified with silver nanoparticles, achieves improved photocatalytic degradation properties (efficiency from 58.8 % to 88.7 %) and microbubble flotation effect (flux of 613.4 L m−2 h−1). This work provides a rational strategy for the preparation and optimization of inorganic functional membranes for effective emulsion separation and dye degradation, and demonstrates promising applications of the separation and purification in oil-containing sewage and wastewater remediation. [Display omitted] • TiO 2 nanobelts coated SSM membrane exhibits excellent crude-oil antifouling and photocatalytic ability. • TiO 2 @SSM membrane can separate various kinds of surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. • TiO 2 @SSM membrane exhibits sustained microbubble flotation and emulsion separation capabilities. • Synergistic effect of microbubble flotation and demulsification improved the separation performance. • Decoration of silver nanoparticle enhance the photocatalytic and microbubble flotation ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]