109 results
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2. Virtual Transborder Service Learning as a Transformative Educational Pedagogy: A California, USA - Baja California, Mexico Academic Partnership in Sustainable Tourism
- Author
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Katie Dudley, Vinod Sasidharan, Marisa Reyes-Orta, and Jose T. Olague
- Abstract
Service learning (SL) engages students in intentional, collaborative service experiences that promote civic citizenship. The COVID-19 pandemic forced traditional face-to-face SL courses to transition into virtual service learning (e-SL). This paper examines the academic and civic outcomes of an e-SL binational sustainable tourism course for undergraduate students. The course was designed to deliver disciplinary knowledge in sustainable tourism and transborder civic citizenship competencies in the following areas: 1) Ethos, 2) Literacy, 3) Inquiry, 4) Action, 5) Leadership, and 6) Partnership. A post-course student survey was deployed to assess student perspectives regarding the achievement of course outcomes. The findings revealed significant (positive) academic and civic transformations among the students due to the intentionality of the e-SL course design and implementation. Results indicate that e-SL in sustainable tourism education can be an effective pedagogy for inculcating civic learning, responsibility, and engagement among students and future professionals in the field of tourism.
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- 2024
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3. Municipal-level estimates (2020) of adult obesity in Mexico drawn from a hierarchical Bayesian estimator.
- Author
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Nájera, Héctor and Ortega-Avila, Ana G.
- Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st Century obesity has become a major public health concern in Mexico. Survey data have been key to tracking the evolution of the national and regional prevalence of obesity over time. However, these data are insufficient for policymakers and researchers interested in obesity from a more local and spatial perspective. This paper uses two secondary data sources: the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2021 and the Mexican National Population Census 2020. This paper implements a Bayesian hierarchical approach to model survey and census data to produce municipal-level estimates for Mexico in 2020. The results indicate that obesity has inter and intra-regional variability. Obesity is more prevalent in the north and in the Yucatan peninsula and tends to be lower in the state of Chiapas. However, within these regions there is some degree of variability in obesity rates. The results provide a more detailed geographical picture of obesity across Mexico and raise the possibility of using the resulting estimates for further statistical and policy-relevant research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
4. Using Anticipatory Experimentation to Explore and Create Futures of Safety for Women in Mexico.
- Author
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Chimal, Abril and Ramos, José
- Subjects
VIOLENCE against women - Abstract
Women in Mexico are subject to unusually high and traumatic levels of violence. This paper reviews a workshop process done in Mexico City that addressed the problem of violence against women using the Anticipatory Experimentation methodology. Based on a workshop at Centro University in Mexico City on the eve of historic protests against violence against women, the paper provides an overview of contemporary challenges, historical changes, as well as deep mythological images and assumptions within Mexican society that are pathways to reconceptualization. Leveraging emerging issues and recovered narratives to address and reframe the problem, the paper concludes with the metaphor of the Chamana as the narrative seed from which new ideas and experiments might be developed to address violence against women in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Synoptic-Scale Wildland Fire Weather Conditions in Mexico.
- Author
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Hayasaka, Hiroshi
- Subjects
WILDFIRES ,FIRE weather ,WEATHER ,PRECIPITABLE water ,SEA breeze ,SYNOPTIC meteorology ,FIRE management - Abstract
Future climate change is expected to increase the risk and severity of wildland fires in tropical regions. Synoptic-scale fire weather conditions in Mexico were carefully analyzed using 20 years of satellite hotspot and rainfall data, hourly weather data, and various climate data. Fire analysis results showed that eighty-four percent of all fires in Mexico occurred south of 22° N. Southwest Mexico (SWM, N < 22°, 94–106° W) and Southeast Mexico (SEM, N < 22°, 86–94° W), account for 50% and 34% of all fires in Mexico. Synoptic-scale analysis results using hourly data showed that westerly wind sea breezes from the Pacific Ocean blow toward the coastal land areas of the SWM while easterly wind sea breezes from the Caribbean blow into the SEM. The most sensitive weather parameters were "relative humidity" for the SWM and "temperature" for the SEM. The fire-related indices selected were "precipitable water vapor anomaly" for the SWM and "temperature anomaly" for the SEM. The SWM fire index suggests that future fires will depend on dryness, while the SEM fire index suggests that future fires will depend on temperature trends. I do hope that this paper will improve local fire forecasts and help analyze future fire trends under global warming in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. La universalización de la pensión no contributiva en los adultos mayores en México en el sexenio 2018-2024: un análisis preliminar de sus efectos en la pobreza.
- Author
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Rodríguez-Gómez, Katya
- Abstract
Copyright of Revista FORUM is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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7. Bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed literature on perinatal depression in Mexico.
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Cruz-Cano, David Osvaldo, Flores-Ramos, Mónica, Sánchez-Rivera, Uriel Ángel, and Cruz-Cano, Norma Berenice
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MENTAL depression ,POSTPARTUM depression ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,PERINATAL care ,PSYCHIATRIC research - Abstract
Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
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8. When Space and Time Matter in Environmental Injustice: A Bayesian Analysis of the Association between Socio-economic Disadvantage and Air Pollution in Greater Mexico City
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Lome-Hurtado, Alejandro, Touza, Julia, White, Piran C. L., and McClean, Colin J.
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- 2024
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9. An Edgy Journey through Queer Mobility.
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Winton, Ailsa
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GENDER nonconformity ,SEXUAL diversity ,TRANS women ,VOYAGES & travels - Abstract
Emerging from in-depth research on mobility and displacement in relation to gender and sexual diversity on the Mexico-Guatemala border, this paper reflects on the complexities of lived, queer mobility over space and time as told by Andrea, a 27-year-old Salvadoran trans woman. Her narrative – told to the reader through video – provides a rich account of her affective journeys and the forces behind them, which go beyond movement as migration. The work is part of an improvised mobile, longitudinal ethnography which evolved as a way of exploring the small and large-scale realities of mobility as lived over time. The discussion engages with Andrea’s mobility as non-linear, multi-scalar, spatially and sensorially significant, and emotionally ambiguous. It invites reflection about the powerfully productive and damaging edges of precarious queer mobility, and points to the radical potential of an affective engagement with queer narratives. The queerness of mobility and survival exists not only as an abstract or symbolic edginess, but rather in, and as, constant frictions produced by the struggle for a life worth living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
10. The deterioration of anthropological work in Mexico during the 21st century.
- Author
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Reygadas, Luis
- Subjects
WORK environment ,PROFESSIONAL practice ,ETHNOLOGY ,CIVIL service positions ,GOVERNMENT agencies - Abstract
This article analyzes how the working conditions for Mexican anthropologists have deteriorated throughout the last few decades. Until half a century ago, only a few dozen professional anthropologists practiced in Mexico, and most of them had access to stable, well-paid jobs in academia or government agencies. Today there are over 7000 of them working in a wide range of fields, mostly in temporary jobs with low salaries. Drawing from the data gathered in the Historical Catalogue of Theses on Social Anthropology in Mexico (RedMIFA 2018) and the Survey on Professional Practice and Working Conditions of Anthropologists in Mexico (CIEPA-CEAS 2016), this paper begins by outlining the decline of working conditions for Mexican anthropologists, focusing primarily on the younger generations. An analysis follows of the main factors that have contributed to the current situation, and the article closes with a brief commentary on the effects of precarious working conditions for the production of anthropological knowledge. The implications here are paradoxical: on the one hand, most professionals currently work in fields other than academia, thereby diversifying anthropological practice, and on the other there is a marked tendency towards the academization of professional anthropological education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Effects of Removing Energy Subsidies and Implementing Carbon Taxes on Urban, Rural and Gender Welfare: Evidence from Mexico.
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Rosas Flores, Jorge Alberto, Morillón Gálvez, David, and Silva, Rodolfo
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ENERGY subsidies ,CARBON taxes ,ELECTRIC power consumption ,ENVIRONMENTAL impact charges ,LIQUEFIED petroleum gas ,ECONOMIC structure ,INCOME - Abstract
The demand for different energy goods and services is a fundamental component in a country's economic structure for development. Understanding it is vital in designing economic policies, such as taxes, that can improve the welfare of the population. A comprehension of the distributional effects of elasticities and the application of them to simulate household responses to price changes, as well as a calculation of the welfare impacts on poor and rich households in Mexico, should inform policy design. This paper uses the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH) from 1996 to 2018 to estimate the demand of Mexican households for fuels, specifically electricity, liquefied petroleum gas, and gasoline. A Quasi Ideal Quadratic Demand System (QUAIDS) is employed to analyse the effects of removing energy subsidies and introducing a carbon tax. The results indicate that welfare losses would be regressive concerning electricity price increases, while changes in gasoline prices would be progressive. Redistributing the tax revenues accrued by removing energy subsidies and imposing the carbon tax would have more progressive effects on the economy of Mexican households, with welfare gains of up to 350% for the poorest households in the case of electricity consumption taxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. Citizenship of the Conservative Movements in Mexico and Defense of the Formation of the Family: The Case of Frente Nacional por la Familia.
- Author
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Patiño, María Eugenia
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CONSERVATISM ,SEXUAL diversity ,MEXICAN history ,CITIZENSHIP ,FAMILIES - Abstract
The presence of the conservatives in Mexico, and their main characters, is long-standing. In Mexican history, some of the conservative movements have been present in religious thinking, especially in Catholicism, e.g., the quick departure from socio-cultural and political Mexican spaces as a consequence of the evangelical Spanish process, whose roots come from the XVI century Of the population in contemporary Mexico (7.7% belong to Catholicism, 2.5% to Evangelical Christians and Protestants, and 2.5% to non-Christian groups, while 8.1% do not follow a religion. Catholicism has a significant presence and influence on different forms of belief and practice in daily life in Mexico. This paper aims to highlight the role of the conservative movement called Frente Nacional por la Familia. It presents its history as the heritage of other conservative movements in Mexico, the stages of its formation, and the agenda and intervention in public life. The methodological approach is qualitative, using multi-situated ethnography. The results allow us to visualize the construction of the public agenda with legislative strategies that have operated with relative success and national presence, obstructing the progress of the proposals of feminist groups and sexual diversity and the defense of a national and cultural project that has as one of the symbols the traditional family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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13. The interest rate pass-through by loan size: Evidence for Mexico, 2011-2019.
- Author
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Cotler, Pablo and Carrillo, Rodrigo
- Abstract
Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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14. MÉDICOS EN FORMACIÓN EN EL CAMPO DE BATALLA. UN ESTUDIO DE INVESTIGACIÓN NARRATIVA EN MÉXICO.
- Author
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Martínez-Salgado, Carolina
- Abstract
Copyright of New Trends in Qualitative Research is the property of Ludomedia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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15. Impacto de la política fiscal y la política monetaria en el valor de capitalización bursátil de las empresas: un enfoque de datos panel autorregresivo (PVAR) para el caso de México.
- Author
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M., Washington Quintero, Nava, Abigail Rodríguez, Vásquez, Liliam Pérez, and Villafuerte, Domenica León
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RATE of return on stocks ,MARKET capitalization ,FINANCIAL performance ,MONETARY policy ,EFFICIENT market theory ,FISCAL policy - Abstract
Copyright of Desarrollo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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16. Calibrating payment for ecosystem services: a process-oriented policy design approach
- Author
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Jaime Sainz-Santamaria
- Subjects
Policy design ,mechanistic approach ,process theory of change ,payment for ecosystem services ,Mexico ,Political science ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Recent empirical research in policy design has shown the relevance of micro-level components, particularly specification and calibration, in shaping policy outcomes. Additionally, research highlights the importance that understanding the mechanisms underlying the policy process has for effective policy design. Yet, a gap persists in how to effectively calibrate and specify policies for specific cases, with a theoretical grounding and guidance for practitioners. This paper addresses this need by applying a process theory of change to delineate the key episodes that constitute the mechanisms of a plausible pathway for an effective Program for Ecosystem Services (PES), an incentives-based instrument focused on conserving forests producing carbon sequestration, biodiversity protection, and water infiltration, among other services. Specifically, the paper uses the well-documented Mexican PES to illustrate how to derive the mechanisms and use them for calibration and specification. The paper provides valuable theoretical insights drawn from the case study, contributing to the field of micro-policy design with a mechanistic approach.
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- 2024
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17. Cobb-Douglas simulation: United States and Mexico.
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Carbajal-De-Nova, Carolina
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INDUSTRIAL productivity , *CAPITAL stock , *INCOME distribution , *COBB-Douglas production function , *LIQUIDATING dividends - Abstract
This paper aims to simulate total factor productivity, following the original proposal made by Cobb and Douglas (1928). Estimates with annual frequency are computed for the United States during two periods, i.e. 1899-1992 and 1933-2019. In the case of Mexico, estimates are computed for the 1993-2015 period. An income distribution in favor of capital in recent decades is found both for the United States and México. Capital share has grown in the United States from 25% in 1899-1922 to 89% in 1993-2019, while for Mexico it has been 82% for 1993-2015. Functional income distribution requires close monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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18. Land competition and welfare effects from Mexico's proposal to ban genetically engineered corn.
- Author
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Beckman, Jayson, Nava, Noé J., Williams, Angelica S., and Zahniser, Steven
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FOOD prices ,CORN industry ,NORTH American Free Trade Agreement ,CORN ,CORN prices - Abstract
Since joining the North American Free Trade Agreement, Mexico has increased its meat production and exports and become more dependent on imported feedstuffs such as genetically engineered (GE) corn. Mexico recently banned the use of GE corn in corn‐based foods and called for a gradual substitution away from the use of GE corn for other uses (e.g., feed). This paper considers how a complete ban on GE corn might affect Mexican households using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to simulate the impact over the medium run (5 years). Results indicate that Mexico decreases corn imports by 76.9% and increases corn production by 65.6%—an increase that would require 3.3 million hectares more land for corn. The policy leads to a 24.8% increase in Mexico's corn price and up to a 6% increase in the prices of other agricultural products. But Mexico might have difficulty shifting land to corn; as such, we consider an alternative scenario that restricts land movements. We find that impacts are further exacerbated in this scenario—for example, corn prices triple. Our final contribution is to pair these results with a compensating variation calculation based on the almost ideal demand system. We find that Mexican households would need to spend, on average, between 6.7 and 13.9% more on food, depending on the scenario, to compensate for the resulting price escalations. Ultimately, our results show that a move toward greater food sovereignty in Mexico is ultimately borne by consumers via higher food prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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19. THE ECONOMY IN ITS LABYRINTH: A STRUCTURALIST VIEW OF THE MEXICAN ECONOMY IN THE 21ST CENTURY.
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MONROY-GÓMEZ-FRANCO, LUIS A.
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COVID-19 pandemic ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,MANUFACTURING processes ,TWENTY-first century - Abstract
Copyright of International Economics / Economia Internazionale is the property of Camera di Commercio di Genova and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
20. El efecto heterogéneo de las remuneraciones laborales en la inflación mexicana.
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Hernández Ramírez, Eric, Sánchez Vargas, Armando, and López Herrera, Francisco
- Abstract
Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Seroprevalencia de Trypanosoma cruzi en niños de Veracruz, México: línea epidemiológica de base para un modelo de control fundamentado de la transmisión activa de la enfermedad de Chagas.
- Author
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Pérez-Sánchez, Ernesto, Montiel-Cruz, Raúl, Romero-Domínguez, Eréndira, Pascacio-Bermúdez, Griselda, Báez-Hernández, Arturo, Díaz-del Castillo Flores, Guadalupe, Correa-Morales, Fabián, Vázquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo, ManriqueSaide, Pablo, Che-Mendoza, Azael, Meneses-Ruiz, Gabriela, López-Martínez, Irma, and Jesús Sánchez, María
- Abstract
Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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22. Auge, limitaciones y transformación del proceso industrial mexicano: 1940-2000.
- Author
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Fujigaki Cruz, Esperanza and Escamilla Trejo, Adrián
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MANUFACTURING processes ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,TWENTIETH century ,STATISTICS ,INTENTION - Abstract
Copyright of H-Industria: Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of H-Industria, Revista de Historia de la Industria Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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23. Relación entre la educación y las preferencias de fecundidad en México: lecciones de Italia.
- Author
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JUÁREZ, FATIMA, DE ROSE, ALESSANDRA, and TESTA, MARIA RITA
- Abstract
Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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24. The relationship between education and fertility preferences in Mexico: Lessons from Italy.
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JUAREZ, FATIMA, DE ROSE, ALESSANDRA, and TESTA, MARIA RITA
- Abstract
Copyright of Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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25. Inequality in the Participation of Women on Corporate Boards.
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Garnica, Clotilde Hernández, Hernández, Sair Alejandra Martínez, and González, Armando Tomé
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GENDER inequality ,CORPORATE directors ,GENDER role ,CONSUMER goods ,FEMINISM - Abstract
In recent years, studies on gender inequality have increased because of the 1995 World Conference on Women, which aimed to increase women's participation in decision-making and exercising power. This paper investigates this research question: How does participation by gender on corporate boards and in directorships impact the rest of the decision-making positions? We conducted this study to give evidence of the gender inequality that exists on boards of directors and within leadership positions in Mexico with the aim of proposing strategies to remedy this situation. The hypothesis is that if men make up the majority of corporate boards and directorships, the difficulty for women to attain these positions increases. This exploratory study originates from the 2019 report Women in the Boardroom: A Global Perspective and analyzes reports of 29 companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange, including financial services, media technology, telecommunications, consumer products, industry, energy, and health sectors. The results show that in the countries studied, including Mexico, the predominance of men in directorships and corporate boardrooms prevails. We highlight that in countries where women have been included in decision-making positions, the presence of women in functional directorship positions is increasingly common. Although in Mexico a movement to demand the constitutional right to equality was followed by the establishment of positive measures in favor of women, the initiative to set gender quotas as a fair practice in forming corporate boards and filling directorship positions has not taken hold. This has motivated us to argue for a norm in favor of equality in the positions of directors and board members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
26. Are energy transitions reproducing inequalities? Power, social stigma and distributive (in)justice in Mexico.
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Velasco-Herrejón, Paola and Bauwens, Thomas
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WEALTH inequality ,INCOME inequality ,WIND power ,ENERGY development ,SOCIAL movements - Abstract
• The paper examines the significance of distributive justice in the discourses of people resisting wind energy in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. • Activists use health and environmental concerns as frames to avoid social rejection and legitimise other more subtle distributive concerns. • Community norms and power asymmetries play a significant role in the construction of framing mechanisms to resist wind farms. • Is critical to consider reasons for framing mechanisms to advance social and environmental justice. Activists, scholars, and policymakers worldwide have increasingly recognised the intrinsic linkages between energy transitions and justice issues. However, little research exists on how groups affected by renewable energy siting interpret and mobilise justice narratives to legitimise their actions and question development plans. Building on the notion of 'framing' in social movement theory, this study addresses this gap by examininig the discourses adopted by people resisting wind energy developments in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The study relies on 64 interviews and participant observation. The findings indicate that anti-wind activists used health and environmental concerns instrumentally: as a framing device to avoid social rejection and legitimise other, subtler distributive concerns about the uneven allocation of economic benefits such as tenancy payments. Although this framing was counterproductive and left their concerns unaddressed, activists adopted this strategy because of community norms and practises that stigmatise the explicit discussion of economic inequalities and their fear of challenging existing power structures. This paper therefore highlights the social mechanisms through which energy transitions reproduce economic inequalities. As a policy recommendation, it is critical to consider how inequalities are framed and the underlying reasons for these interpretive schemes to advance socially just net-zero scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. One Health as a potential platform to rescue the neglected fruit trees in Yucatan, Mexico
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John P. Ehrenberg, Afona Chernet, Manuel Luján, and Jürg Utzinger
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Ethnic minority groups ,Mayan fruit trees ,Mexico ,Nature-based solutions ,Neglected and underutilized species of plants ,Neglected tropical diseases ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Medicine - Abstract
Neglected and underutilized species of plants (NUS) have been identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization as valuable resources for fighting poverty, hunger and malnutrition as they can help make agricultural production systems more sustainable and resilient. Adaptation of NUS to changing environments over several millennia has rendered most of these plants resistant to pests and climate change. In this paper, we explore the potential values of some of the Mayan fruit trees justifying conservation efforts in their native habitats. Our research was primarily based on a scoping review using Google Scholar. We considered articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Our review rendered two sets of articles including those focusing on the nutritional and medicinal properties of NUS and their products, and those focusing on their uses in traditional medicine. Both sets of papers strongly support arguments for conservation of NUS. Additionally, our scoping review expands and includes a case study on the conservation of NUS, highlighting the critical role of civil society on how it can spearhead rescue efforts of botanical resources through the creation of what is possibly the first arboretum of its kind in the Americas. Among the project's key selling points was not only the rescue of an important component of Yucatan's cultural heritage but its nutritional value as well as its potential medicinal properties. Our paper is not prescriptive on how to preserve or even commercially exploit NUS. It is intended as a thought-provoking piece on the potential of a One Health approach as a multisectoral platform to support conservation efforts, while stimulating greater interest in the subject and encouraging more action from the academic and pharmaceutical sectors as well as civil society.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Users’ perception of quality as a driver of private healthcare use in Mexico: Insights from the People’s Voice Survey
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Doubova, Svetlana V, Leslie, Hannah H, Pérez-Cuevas, Ricardo, Kruk, Margaret E, and Arsenault, Catherine
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Health Services and Systems ,Health Sciences ,Behavioral and Social Science ,Clinical Research ,Health Services ,Health and social care services research ,8.1 Organisation and delivery of services ,Generic health relevance ,Good Health and Well Being ,Humans ,Private Sector ,Male ,Female ,Mexico ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Quality of Health Care ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Public Sector ,Adolescent ,Young Adult ,Perception ,Health Expenditures ,Delivery of Health Care ,General Science & Technology - Abstract
ObjectiveThe Mexican government has pursued multiple initiatives to improve healthcare coverage and financial protection. Yet, out-of-pocket health spending and use of private sector providers in Mexico remains high. In this paper, we sought to describe the characteristics of public and private healthcare users, describe recent visit quality across provider types, and to assess whether perceiving the public healthcare sector as poor quality is associated with private health sector use.Methods and findingsWe analyzed the cross-sectional People's Voice Survey conducted from December 2022 to January 2023. We used Chi-square tests to compare contextual, individual, and need-for-care factors and ratings of most recent visits between users of public (social security and other public providers) and private sector providers (stand-alone private providers and providers adjacent to pharmacies). We used a multivariable Poisson regression model to assess associations between low ratings of public healthcare sources and the use of private care. Among the 811 respondents with a healthcare visit in the past year, 31.2% used private sources. Private healthcare users were more educated and had higher incomes than public healthcare users. Quality of most recent visit was rated more highly in private providers (70.2% rating the visit as excellent or very good for stand-alone private providers and 54.3% for pharmacy-adjacent doctors) compared to social security (41.6%) and other public providers (46.6%). Those who perceived public health institutions as low quality had a higher probability of seeking private healthcare.ConclusionUsers rated public care visits poorly relative to private care; at the population level, perceptions of poor quality care may drive private care use and hence out-of-pocket costs. Improving public healthcare quality is necessary to ensure universal health coverage.
- Published
- 2024
29. 3D deformation velocity field analysis and TEM method to detect the tectonic influence on the land subsidence in Zamora, Mexico.
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Villaseñor-Reyes, Cecilia Irene, Hernández-Madrigal, Víctor Manuel, Delgado-Rodríguez, Omar, Guevara-Alday, Jorge Alejandro, and Flores-Lázaro, Netzahualcóyotl
- Subjects
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LAND subsidence , *ELECTRIC transients , *VELOCITY , *SEDIMENTS - Abstract
The city of Zamora is situated in a tectonic basin and, according to previous interferometric studies, has been experiencing sinking up to 13 cm/yr (2007-2011). Although the reported subsidence pattern (WNW-ESE) is similar to the orientation of the regional fault system, there is a lack of detailed studies to establish the connection between this phenomenon, the thickness of sediments, and the basement geometry. Therefore, this paper presents a 3D deformation velocity field analysis for the period of 2014–2021, using 130 images from the Sentinel-2 satellite to calculate the vertical and east-west components of the subsidence. Likewise, a campaign of 28 Transient Electromagnetic soundings was carried out around the city to determine the thickness of sediments and bedrock geometry. The results of the interferometric analysis reveal a WNW-ESE sinking pattern with the maximum vertical velocities observed near the Zamora Museum, amounting to 108 mm/yr (2014–2017) and 102 mm/yr (2018–2021). Meanwhile, the horizontal component has a heterogeneous behavior in both periods with rates reaching up to 1 cm/year. The Transient Electromagnetic survey results show the presence of two grabens, a horst, and a series of half-grabens. The thickness of sediments varies between 94 and 314 m, with the latter corresponding to the main graben located beneath the city. The axis of this structure and the largest sediment deposits are linked to the area of maximum sinking and the spatial pattern of subsidence. • Subsidence has a WNW-ESE spatial pattern. • Maximum vertical velocities were 108 mm/yr (2014–2017) and 102 mm/yr (2018–2021). • Two grabens, a horst, and a series of half-grabens are below Zamora City. • Sediment thickness varies between 94 and 314 m. • Maximum sinking and the spatial pattern of subsidence coincide with the main graben. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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30. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ORGANIZATIONAL RESULTS, A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE.
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de la Garza Carranza, María Teresa, López-Lemus, Jorge Armando, Ibarra, Quetzalli Atlatenco, and González, Salvador Hernández
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SOCIAL responsibility of business ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,STAKEHOLDERS ,EMPLOYEES - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. DETERMINANTS OF FINANCIAL LITERACY.
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Castro-Valencia, Alberto-Merced, Mora Perez, Cesar Omar, and Martinez-Orozco, Edgardo
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FINANCIAL literacy ,MARITAL status ,GOVERNMENT policy ,LOAN agreements ,LINES of credit - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Breastfeeding among women employed in Mexico's informal sector: strategies to overcome key barriers.
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Goodman, Julia M., Lara-Mejía, Vania, Hernández-Cordero, Sonia, and Vilar-Compte, Mireya
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BREASTFEEDING ,DOCUMENTATION ,GOVERNMENT policy ,QUALITATIVE research ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEMATIC analysis ,WOMEN employees ,GOVERNMENT programs ,RESEARCH methodology ,DATA analysis software ,EMPLOYMENT - Abstract
Background: Rates of exclusive breastfeeding fall below recommended levels, particularly among women in paid employment. In Mexico, more than half of women are in informal employment, meaning they lack many of the protections that may support breastfeeding. Methods: In-depth interviews with 15 key informants representing government agencies (n = 6 organizations), NGOs (n = 4), international organizations (n = 2), and academia (n = 2) in Mexico. Interviews were conducted between March and June 2023. To understand and describe barriers to breastfeeding among informally employed women in Mexico according to key informants and the current and potential policies to address these barriers, we conducted a qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Current policies to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding predominantly apply to all employed women, but respondents expressed concern that they did not provide adequate protection for women in informal employment. Additional themes concerned the need for relevant programs to be institutionalized and coordinated, discussions of breastfeeding as a right, and the legal equivalence (whether true in practice or not) of formal and informal workers. Conclusions: Women employed in Mexico's informal sector face a dearth of maternity protections. According to key informants, few policies exist to promote, protect, and support breastfeeding among employed women, in general, but the economic vulnerability and challenging working conditions of women in informal employment exacerbates their situation. The lack of access to formal labor protections, such as paid maternity leave, creates a significant barrier to breastfeeding for women in the informal sector. Recommendations include short-term policies to fill gaps in social protection for informally employed women, as well as longer-term solutions such as the development of universal social protection programs and supporting formalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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33. A Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Frequency of Droughts in Mexico's Forest Ecosystems.
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López-Teloxa, Leticia Citlaly and Monterroso-Rivas, Alejandro Ismael
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CLIMATE change adaptation ,FOREST resilience ,ZONING ,SOIL degradation ,ENVIRONMENTAL degradation - Abstract
Droughts can affect forest ecosystems and lead to soil degradation, biodiversity loss, and desertification. Not all regions of Mexico are affected in the same way, as some areas are naturally more prone to drought due to their geographical location. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a spatio-temporal analysis of the occurrence of droughts (severe and extreme) in Mexican forest systems, covering the period 2000–2021, and to study the area covered by these events in Mexican forest systems. This analysis was divided into three stages: the classification of land use and vegetation, spatial mapping and the classification of drought intensity, and an analysis of drought frequency and probability in forest systems. The results show that more than 46% of Mexico's forest area experienced severe and extreme droughts during the 21-year period studied. Broadleaved forests were most affected by severe and extreme droughts, with a frequency of 6 years. The increasing frequency of droughts poses a major challenge to the resilience of forest ecosystems in Mexico, highlighting the need to implement climate change adaptation and forest management measures to protect the country's biodiversity and natural resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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34. Stratigraphic Reassessment of the Mexican Chasmosaurine Coahuilaceratops magnacuerna as the First Diagnostic Dinosaur Remains from the Cerro Huerta Formation (Lower Maastrichtian) Supporting the Southern Origin of the Triceratopsini.
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Barrera Guevara, Daniela, Espinosa Chávez, Belinda, Serrano Brañas, Claudia Inés, de León Dávila, Claudio, Posada Martinez, Daniel, Freedman Fowler, Elizabeth, and Fowler, Denver
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DINOSAURS ,SKULL ,HYPOTHESIS - Abstract
Very few remains of ceratopsid dinosaurs have been recovered so far from the Difunta Group of Coahuila, Mexico. The enigmatic chasmosaurine Coahuilaceratops magnacuerna was previously described on the basis of two partial skulls purportedly derived from the Cerro del Pueblo Formation (~73–72.5 Ma?). On the basis of a new measured section and lithological identification of the host rock, we reassign Coahuilaceratops to the overlying Cerro Huerta Formation (~71.5–70.5 Ma?). Thus, we formally assign the first dinosaur taxon to the Cerro Huerta Formation. This reassignment is more consistent with the relatively derived phylogenetic position of Coahuilaceratops, with implications for the southern Laramidia hypothesis concerning the origin of the Triceratopsini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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35. An Update on Viral Hepatitis B and C in Mexico: Advances and Pitfalls in Eradication Strategies.
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Campos-Valdez, Marina, Castro-García, Manuel Alejandro, Ramos-Márquez, Martha Eloísa, Gurrola-Díaz, Carmen Magdalena, Salazar-Montes, Adriana María, and Sánchez-Orozco, Laura Verónica
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HEPATITIS B vaccines ,HEPATITIS C ,VIRAL load ,GOVERNMENT report writing ,LIVER function tests - Abstract
In Mexico, hepatitis B and C infections are a significant burden on the health system. The aim of this narrative review was to analyze the state of the art on hepatitis B and C in Mexico by searching and studying available data in academic articles and government reports and statements on epidemiology, prevention, treatment, and elimination strategies undertaken by the Mexican government. Even where the government has implemented a hepatitis B vaccination strategy to reduce its incidence, a very low proportion of people complete the vaccination schedule. Regarding hepatitis C, there is a National Elimination Program that emphasizes the importance of screening, diagnosis, and treatment focused on the population at risk. With the implementation of this program, more than a million fast tests have been carried out and the positive cases have been verified by viral load. Infected patients are tested to determine liver function, fibrosis stage, and coinfection with HBV and/or HIV. Patients without cirrhosis and/or coinfections are treated in first-level care centers, while those with cirrhosis and/or comorbidities are referred to specialists. The possibility of hepatitis C eradication in Mexico seems more likely than eradication of hepatitis B; however, major challenges remain to be overcome to reach both infections' elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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36. El patrimonio cultural en México y sus identidades en la mirada del Estado nación y su ruptura.
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Pérez Ramos, Yúmari and Ramiro Esteban, Diana
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CULTURAL pluralism ,CULTURAL property ,NATIONAL character ,CULTURAL values ,TWENTIETH century ,MEMORIALIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Aposta is the property of Aposta and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
37. Serology survey of Ascaris suum and Trichinella spiralis in rural pigs in Southwestern Mexico.
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Gómez‐Mendieta, Luis‐Antonio, Bastida‐Almaraz, Francisco‐Javier, Salas‐Ramírez, Martha, Jasso‐Villazul, Carlos‐Enrique, Fuentes‐Cervantes, Gabriela, Gómez‐De‐Anda, Fabián‐Ricardo, Zepeda‐Velázquez, Andrea‐Paloma, Ponce‐Noguez, Jesús‐Benjamín, and de‐la‐Rosa‐Arana, Jorge‐Luis
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ASCARIS suum ,TRICHINELLA spiralis ,VETERINARY public health ,SEROLOGY ,SWINE - Abstract
Background: Parasitic diseases of pigs are a public and veterinary health problem. Helminths influence pork production, whereas backyard pigs can transmit these parasites. Objectives: This work aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against Ascaris suum and Trichinella spiralis in backyard pigs from Jamiltepec, Region de la Costa, Oaxaca, in Southwestern Mexico. Methods: Six hundred sixty‐four serum samples were obtained from backyard pigs from 23 rural villages distributed in 5 municipalities; samples were taken in a non‐probabilistic manner with the owner's consent. The presence of serum antibodies against a total extract of A. suum adult worm was determined by ELISA. In contrast, antibodies to the excretion‐secretion products of the T. spiralis muscle larva were determined by Western blot. Results: The global seroprevalence for A. suum was 5.12% and 2.41% for T. spiralis; however, antibodies were only found in 8 villages and distributed in 3 municipalities. The highest frequency of positivity for Ascaris was found in the municipality of Santa Catarina Mechoacán (13.01%), whereas, in Santa María Huazalotitlán, the highest frequency of positivity for Trichinella was found (5.75%). In San Andrés, frequencies were 7.23% and 4.82%, respectively. No statistical differences were observed between populations. Conclusions: Our data suggest that helminth transmission is restricted by locality. However, further studies must be conducted to understand the factors limiting this transmission to promote pork meat production in parasite‐free zones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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38. Exclusión/inclusión con base en la discriminación por nacionalidad en los sistemas de asilo de España y México.
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Torre Cantalapiedra, Eduardo and Moreno-Amador, Gracia
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STATISTICS ,REFUGEES ,DATA analysis ,CRISES ,FORCED migration ,REFUGEE children ,COUNTRIES - Abstract
Copyright of Migraciones is the property of Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Instituto Universitario de Estudios sobre Migraciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Fake news and its electoral consequences: a survey experiment on Mexico.
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Iida, Takeshi, Song, Jaehyun, Estrada, José Luis, and Takahashi, Yuriko
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FAKE news ,POLITICAL knowledge ,ELECTION forecasting ,ELECTIONS ,PRESIDENTIAL elections ,ELECTION coverage - Abstract
This study examined the effect of fake news on electoral outcome. Using post-election surveys, previous studies found associations between exposure to fake news and voting behavior, though these observational studies failed to show that these changes were actually caused by fake news. To examine whether fake news really affects voting behavior, we need to experimentally manipulate voters' exposure to fake news in real elections and see if voters regret their vote choice knowing that the information was false. For this purpose, our study focused on Mexico's 2018 presidential election, which provided an ideal setting. During the campaign, false information about a scandal allegedly involving Ricardo Anaya, a candidate from the National Action Party, was widely disseminated. However, his innocence was officially acknowledged after the election. Using this correction of fake news as a treatment, we tested a sample of 1,561 individuals to assess whether the retraction of fake news caused post-election regret: would Mexican voters have voted differently if they had not been exposed to such false information. Our multivariate analyses found that the retraction of fake news did cause post-election regret among voters with lower internal political efficacy, but voters associated with higher political knowledge and internal political efficacy were not affected by the retraction and were less likely to experience regret. About 20% of the respondents (N = 168) experienced post-election regret, and of those, about 35% would have switched their vote to Anaya. The findings corroborate lasting effects of fake news, which may have non-negligible effects on electoral outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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40. Gender, Immunological Response, and COVID-19: An Assessment of Vaccine Strategies in a Pandemic Region of Oaxaca, México.
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Rodríguez-Martínez, Luis M., Chavelas-Reyes, José L., Medina-Ramírez, Carlo F., Cabrera-Santos, Francisco J., Fernández-Santos, Nadia A., Aguilar-Durán, Jesús A., Pérez-Tapia, Sonia M., Rodríguez-González, Josefina G., and Rodríguez Pérez, Mario A.
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VACCINE effectiveness ,POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome ,COVID-19 vaccines ,ZOONOSES ,PANDEMICS ,COVID-19 - Abstract
COVID-19 is no longer a public health emergency of international concern, but long COVID's effects are yet to be fully understood. Hence, globally, SARS-CoV-2 is still a profound threat to public health and of perilous nature as a zoonotic disease. Timely vaccination provided to individuals worldwide during the pandemic phase was under a certain degree of control; however, few studies have reported the effectiveness of vaccines administered in Mexico, and its surveillance is paramount. Furthermore, an unknown proportion of Mexican individuals have not yet received any vaccine, and the circulation of the Omicron, Pirola, and FLiRT variants is ongoing. A cross-sectional serology survey study design was employed, involving 150 individuals from Southern Mexico (Oaxaca) whose humoral immune responses after vaccination were tested by an ELISA; the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein served as a recombinant antigen in the ELISA. One hundred thirty-nine out of 150 individuals (92.6%; 95%-CI = 87–95%) examined were positive for the ELISA, but in 11 individuals, the vaccines did not induce any immune response. Interestingly, the immune responses (antibody prevalence and levels) of females (58%) were higher (T= −2.21; p-value = 0.02) than those of males (41%). However, in this sample population of Southern Mexico, age, vaccine type, comorbidity, and body mass index did not have any effect (p > 0.05) after COVID-19 vaccination. Taking all results together, here, we present factors that affected immune responses of individuals during the first vaccination campaign in Oaxaca, Mexico; however, vaccine surveillance during the post-pandemic phase needs further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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41. Regulating to Exclude or to Enable: Institution Building and Transnational Standard Adoption in Mexican Food Safety
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McDermott, Gerald A. and Ruiz, Belem Avendaño
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- 2024
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42. Parallel prediction of dengue cases with different risks in Mexico using an artificial neural network model considering meteorological data
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Conde-Gutiérrez, R. A., Colorado, D., Márquez-Nolasco, A., and Gonzalez-Flores, P. B.
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- 2024
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43. Airport incentive regulation in practice.
- Author
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Valdes, Victor, Corzo, Oscar, and Canfield, Carlos
- Abstract
This paper examines the complexities of incentive regulation in the context of airport privatization, asymmetric information, and regulatory weakness in a developing country. Using hybrid Dual-Till revenue cap variations of thirty-four concessioned airports in Mexico for the period 2006–2019, we distinguish within and between regulated period effects on productive efficiency. Our findings reveal a dual nature of variations: negative shifts within regulated periods are linked to heightened productive efficiency, whereas positive shifts between regulated periods, particularly during the resetting of caps, arise when projected demand falls short of covering allowed operational and capital expenditures. This discrepancy leads to a decline in productive efficiency. The analysis highlights discernible weaknesses in the regulatory framework such as homogenous expectations of efficiency gains across all airports within regulated periods. Furthermore, strategic behavior by airports emerges, as they opt to defer efficiency enhancements to the initial year of any given regulated period. We discuss regulatory levers to improve the quality of regulation. • Analyses the complexity of airport incentive regulation in practice to achieve allocative and productive efficiencies along with investment. • Illustrates the experience of airport incentive regulation in a developing country. • Explores strategic behavior by airports in the context of asymmetric information and weak institutional conditions. • Identifies regulatory levers to improve the quality of Dual-till revenue cap regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Do conditional cash transfers reduce hypertension?
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Aguila, Emma, Dow, William H., Menares, Felipe, Parker, Susan W., Peniche, Jorge, and Ryu, Soomin
- Abstract
Progresa, an anti-poverty conditional cash transfer program, has been a model for similar programs in more than 60 countries. Numerous studies have found positive impacts on schooling, the nutritional and health status of children and adolescents, and household consumption. However, the effects on the health of older adult beneficiaries have been particularly understudied. In this paper we analyze the effects of Progresa on middle-aged and older adult health, focusing on a high prevalence chronic condition: hypertension. Our results show that Progresa had significant benefits in terms of improved hypertension diagnosis and use of treatment drugs. However, we did not find significant changes in uncontrolled hypertension as measured by systolic and diastolic blood pressure biomarkers in household survey data. Thus, while cash transfer programs may facilitate financial access to healthcare visits and the ability to buy prescribed medicines, by itself the program might not improve hypertension outcomes without complementary healthcare system follow-up to ensure dosage titration and medication adherence. • Progresa is a widely replicated anti-poverty conditional cash transfer program. • Analysis of impact of cash transfers on hypertension outcomes of adults 50 and over. • Progresa cash transfers improve diagnosis of hypertension and treatment use. • Improved access does not lower hypertension levels; effective treatment is crucial. • Effects were mainly in non-rural areas, potentially due to better access to care.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
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45. Updating and validating seagrass ecosystem knowledge in the gulf of California: a comprehensive review.
- Author
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Alejandra Ramírez-Zúñiga, Magali, Jeannette Pérez-Estrada, Claudia, Manuel López-Calderón, Jorge, Cannon, Abigail Libbin, Vanderplank, Sula, and Favoretto, Fabio
- Subjects
SEAGRASSES ,MARINE plants ,MARINE heatwaves ,BIOSPHERE reserves ,NATURAL resources - Abstract
Seagrasses are globally acknowledged as crucial habitats as they provide a variety of ecosystem services. Mexico's legislation protects most of these marine plants; however, the protection often fails in application. The Gulf of California, despite being a biodiversity hotspot, has scant data on seagrasses. Here, human activity and climate change increasingly threaten these coastal ecosystems, with conservation and research efforts lacking coordination at a regional level. Our manuscript aimed to review and standardize existing data on Gulf of California seagrass species, ensuring open access for data updates; pinpointing conservation deficiencies; and guiding future research. We have added new records to the official public data, but we were able to recapture only 25% of the seagrass locations meaning a potential reduction in their historical distribution of 45.8%. Even though Mexico's legislation protects some species of seagrasses, it protection often fails in the application. We identified that only 6.1% of the seagrass locations are within protected areas that recognize their presence in their management plans (e.g., the Balandra Flora and Fauna Protected Area and the Upper Gulf of California and Colorado River Delta Biosphere Reserve). At least 55.9% of seagrass records are associated with potentially damaging activities like pollution, coastal modification or biological resources use, while 23% are exposed to higher frequency of marine heatwaves. Given the importance of seagrass meadows under Mexican law and their internationally recognized ecological value, sharing current information and guiding research is essential. Our study seeks to galvanize renewed research initiatives and raise more awareness on the conservation of the Gulf of California's seagrasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles albimanus populations in historical malaria foci in Quintana Roo, Mexico.
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Escobar, Denis, González-Olvera, Gabriela, Gómez-Rivera, Ángel S., Navarrete-Carballo, Juan, Mis-Ávila, Pedro, Baack-Valle, Raquel, Escalante, Guillermo, Reyes-Cabrera, Gerardo, Correa-Morales, Fabian, Che-Mendoza, Azael, Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo, Lenhart, Audrey, and Manrique-Saide, Pablo
- Subjects
ANOPHELES ,MALARIA ,INSECTICIDES ,SODIUM channels ,DELTAMETHRIN - Abstract
Background: Mexico has experienced a significant reduction in malaria cases over the past two decades. Certification of localities as malaria-free areas (MFAs) has been proposed as a steppingstone before elimination is achieved throughout the country. The Mexican state of Quintana Roo is a candidate for MFA certification. Monitoring the status of insecticide susceptibility of major vectors is crucial for MFA certification. This study describes the susceptibility status of Anopheles albimanus, main malaria vector, from historically important malaria foci in Quintana Roo, using both phenotypic and genotypic approaches. Methods: Adult mosquito collections were carried out at three localities: Palmar (Municipality of Othon P. Blanco), Buenavista (Bacalar) and Puerto Morelos (Puerto Morelos). Outdoor human-landing catches were performed by pairs of trained staff from 18:00 to 22:00 during 3-night periods at each locality during the rainy season of 2022. Wild-caught female mosquitoes were exposed to diagnostic doses of deltamethrin, permethrin, malathion, pirimiphos-methyl or bendiocarb using CDC bottle bioassays. Mortality was registered at the diagnostic time and recovery was assessed 24 h after exposure. Molecular analyses targeting the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (vgsc) gene and acetylcholinesterase (ace-1) gene were used to screen for target site polymorphisms. An SNP analysis was carried out to identify mutations at position 995 in the vgsc gene and at position 280 in the ace-1 gene. Results: A total of 2828 anophelines were collected. The main species identified were Anopheles albimanus (82%) and Anopheles vestitipennis (16%). Mortalities in the CDC bottle bioassay ranged from 99% to 100% for all the insecticides and mosquito species. Sequence analysis was performed on 35 An. albimanus across the three localities; of those, 25 were analysed for vgsc and 10 for ace-1 mutations. All individuals showed wild type alleles. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that An. albimanus populations from historical malaria foci in Quintana Roo are susceptible to the main insecticides used by the Ministry of Health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Examining the effects of parental migration on youth mental health and substance use: a qualitative study in rural Yucatán, México.
- Author
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Luisa Zúñiga, María, Mulholland, Kayla, Lewin-Fischer, Pedro, San Román, Isela Martinez, Toledo, Lidiane, and Urada, Lianne
- Abstract
Background: Parental migration is common in Mexico and Latin America, where individuals pursue work to improve their family’s economic opportunities and children remain home in their community under the care of the remaining parent or extended family. A research gap remains about the impact of parental migration on mental health and substance use in children who remain at home. The current study explored risk and resilience factors relating to mental health and substance use among Mexican youth remaining at home when one or more parents migrate. Methods: This qualitative study applied attachment theory and thematic analysis to analyze 26 in-depth interviews with youth (17-21 years old), parents, and a focus group with high-school teachers in a town with history of migration both domestically and internationally (Yucatan, México). Results: Respondents across groups perceived that parental migration was related to 1) less parental/caregiver oversight and support due to family demands on the remaining parent and 2) the deterioration of youth mental health. Lack of youth oversight and the poor mental health of youth were perceived as drivers of youth seeking out and consuming alcohol and substances. In terms of parental remittances, youth reported observing among their peers increased access to material goods such as clothing and technology (e.g., smartphones) and increased access to alcohol. Resilience factors included parental awareness of the role of good communication with youth and teachers and youth access to and utilization of self-care resources such as mutual aid meetings for substance use recovery. Conclusion: Poor mental health and substance use among youth and parents were perceived to be related to parental absence, stressors on the remaining parent or family, and undermined healthy parent-child attachment. Youth themselves are a source of insight for recommendations on interventions to educe youth isolation and substance use risk. We recommend the intentional engagement of youth in developing intervention research and tailoring evidence-based interventions to mitigate parental absence’s impact and promote parent-child attachment for youth and families remaining at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Prevalence of different variations of non-consented care during the childbirth process in Mexico by geographical regions: comparing ENDIREH survey data from 2016 to 2021.
- Author
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Marian, Marian, Barker, Kathryn M., Reed, Elizabeth, McClain, Amanda C., Lundgren, Rebecka, Hurst, Samantha, and Pérez, Ramona L.
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DELIVERY (Obstetrics) ,INTRAPARTUM care ,CESAREAN section ,CONTRACEPTION ,STILLBIRTH ,FAMILY planning services - Abstract
Introduction: Non-consented care, a form of obstetric violence involving the lack of informed consent for procedures, is a common but little-understood phenomenon in the global public health arena. The aim of this secondary analysis was to measure the prevalence and assess change over time of non-consented care during childbirth in Mexico in 2016 and 2021, as well as to examine the association of sociodemographic, pregnancy-, and childbirth-factors with this type of violence. Methods: We measured the prevalence of non-consented care and three of its variations, forced sterilization or contraception, forced cesarean section, and forced consent on paperwork, during childbirth in Mexico for 2016 (N = 24,036) and 2021 (N = 19,322) using data from Mexico's cross-sectional National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relationships (ENDIREH). Weighted data were stratified by geographical regions. We performed adjusted logistic regression analyses to explore associations. Results: The national prevalence of non-consented care and one of its variations, pressure to get a contraceptive method, increased from 2016 to 2021. A decrease in the prevalence was observed for forced contraception or sterilization without knowledge, forcing women to sign paperwork, and non-consented cesarean sections nationally and in most regions. Women between the ages of 26 and 35 years, married, cohabiting with partner, living in urban settings, who do not identify as Indigenous, and who received prenatal services or gave birth at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) facilities experienced a higher prevalence of non-consented care. Being 26 years of age and older, living in a rural setting, experiencing stillbirths in the last five years, having a vaginal delivery, receiving prenatal services at IMSS, or delivering at a private facility were significantly associated with higher odds of reporting non-consented care. Conclusion: While a decrease in most of the variations of non-consented care was found, the overall prevalence of non-consented care and, in one of its variations, pressure to get contraceptives, increased at a national and regional level. Our findings suggest the need to enforce current laws and strengthen health systems, paying special attention to the geographical regions and populations that have experienced higher reported cases of this structural problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Mexican Money Laundering in the United States: Analysis and Proposals for Reform.
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Correa-Cabrera, Guadalupe, Lewis, Charles, and Yaworsky, William
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MONEY laundering ,DRUG cartels ,ORGANIZED crime ,POLITICAL corruption ,LAW enforcement agencies ,HUMAN rights violations ,COURT records - Abstract
This article explains some of the mechanisms through which corruption by high-level Mexican politicians and other organized crime members is facilitated in the United States through money laundering operations. The analysis is based on information contained in court records related to key money laundering cases, as well as in news articles and reports from law enforcement agencies. These materials highlight the interrelationships among U.S. drug use, cartel activities in Mexico, human rights abuses, Mexican political corruption, and money laundering in the United States. This work demonstrates the pervasive use of legitimate businesses and fronts in the United States as a disguise for criminal activity. Finally, it provides recommendations for a reformation of policies and penalties directed toward U.S. institutions and persons that facilitate money laundering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
50. Community of medium and large-sized mammals and functional diversity in a tropical rainforest of Southern México under different degrees of human pressure.
- Author
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ARROYO-GERALA, PAULINA, TOWNS, VALERIA, MEDELLÍN, RODRIGO A., DE LA MAZA, JAVIER, and ANTONIO DE LA TORRE, J.
- Subjects
MAMMAL diversity ,LOCAL mass media ,ECOLOGICAL disturbances ,ECOSYSTEM dynamics ,RAIN forests ,HUMAN settlements ,LANDSCAPE assessment - Abstract
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- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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