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New U-Pb zircon ages are reported for granulite facies crustal xenoliths brought to the surface by mafic lavas in the Snake River Plain. All samples yield Meso-to-Neoarchean ages (2.4–3.6 Ga) that significantly expand the known extent of the Archean Wyoming Craton at least as far west as the west-central Snake River Plain. Most zircon populations indicate multiple growth episodes with complexity increasing eastward, but they bear no record of major Phanerozoic magmatic episodes in the region. To extrapolate this work further west to the inferred craton boundary, zircons from southwestern Idaho batholith granodiorites were also analyzed. Although most batholith zircons record Cretaceous formation ages, all samples have zircons with inherited cores—with some recording Proterozoic ages (approaching 2 Ga). These data enhance our perspectives regarding lithosphere architecture beneath southern Idaho and adjacent areas and its possible influence on Cenozoic magmatism associated with the Snake River Plain–Yellowstone "melting anomaly". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]