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Large language models (LLMs) are an exciting breakthrough in the rapidly growing field of artificial intelligence (AI), offering unparalleled potential in a variety of application domains such as finance, business, healthcare, cybersecurity, and so on. However, concerns regarding their trustworthiness and ethical implications have become increasingly prominent as these models are considered black-box and continue to progress. This position paper explores the potentiality of LLM from diverse perspectives as well as the associated risk factors with awareness. Towards this, we highlight not only the technical challenges but also the ethical implications and societal impacts associated with LLM deployment emphasizing fairness, transparency, explainability, trust and accountability. We conclude this paper by summarizing potential research scopes with direction. Overall, the purpose of this position paper is to contribute to the ongoing discussion of LLM potentiality and awareness from the perspective of trustworthiness and responsibility in AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to provide a systematic literature review (SLR) on contemporary cardinal money mule issues. Design/methodology/approach: This paper reviews the most common money mule themes in perpetrating financial crime activities, especially its roles, recruitment and awareness. A systematic review protocol called preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols is adopted for this study. Findings: Money mules are used by organized criminal groups (OCG) or fraudster to launder illicit funds from outrageous criminal activities. They allow their accounts to be used for money laundering by OCG. The attacker, OCG or fraudsters would layer the stolen funds using money mule accounts. These money mules are recruited using various approaches, oftentimes deceived by opulent lifestyles to captivate the interest of potential money mules. Originality/value: This paper presents money mule awareness needed by accountant, bank employees and the society. It is an unprecedented SLR on money mule. This paper will be beneficial for future money mule researchers, enforcement agencies and practitioners in banking industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research teams working with indigenous people or local communities in the field of global environmental change represent local knowledge and concerns related to climate or environmental issues in the resulting scientific texts. However, by highlighting some aspects in particular ways and fading others to the background, every representation simultaneously reveals, conceals, and distorts aspects of what is represented. This paper aims to analytically highlight how frames in scientific texts are at work in emphasizing some aspects of local knowledge and concerns while fading other aspects into the background, which inevitably has micro and macro consequences through how local knowledge is incorporated, represented, and added to the body of knowledge of a given field. I have adapted a widely used frame concept from media studies to make it suitable for the analysis of scientific texts. The proposed method identifies main frames of a paper, maps how devices for achieving selective emphases, such as repetitive formulations and strong words, are at work in the text, and elicits how the frame's key functions occur in papers: (1) identify problems, (2) diagnose causes, (3) make moral judgments, (4) suggest solutions or offer a path toward solutions, and (5) attribute roles. Points (4) and (5) are specifically designed for the analysis of scientific texts. In addition, I have added a step that shows how frames shape representations of local knowledge and concerns in scientific texts. This method is meant to develop reflexive awareness among the scholarly community about their writing practices and promote critical thinking about the unintended impacts that uncritical reproduction of taken-for-granted frames may have through their shaping of representations of local and indigenous knowledge and concerns. To illustrate the potential of the frame concept for analyzing scientific texts, I applied the new method to two papers. Further, the paper discusses the potential of frame analysis as a tool for reflexivity among research teams that work with and within local communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global community faces the escalating challenges posed by climate change, there is an increasing need for innovative tools that enhance public awareness and understanding of the complex and dynamic nature of environmental shifts. This paper introduces a Climate Change Visualization Awareness System (CCVAS), designed to bridge the gap between scientific data and public comprehension through immersive and accessible visualizations. Leveraging cutting-edge technologies, including augmented reality, interactive mapping, and data analytics, CCVAS provides users with real-time and historical insights into key climate indicators such as temperature variations, sea level rise, and extreme weather events. The CCVAS employs a user-centric approach, tailoring information to diverse audiences and promoting engagement through intuitive interfaces. Community engagement features facilitate collaborative efforts among users, enabling the sharing of experiences, knowledge, and initiatives aimed at addressing climate change challenges at the local and global levels. Users will be able to participate in discussions, organize events, and access community-driven resources within the CCVAS platform. Personalized user profiles enable individuals to customize their climate change experience within CCVAS, tailoring content and visualizations to their specific interests, expertise, and geographical locations. By providing personalized recommendations, alerts, and action plans based on user preferences and behavior, CCVAS will empower individuals to take meaningful steps towards climate resilience and sustainability in their daily lives. This paper outlines the architecture, functionality, and potential applications of the Climate Change Visualization Awareness System. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a study that examined the affordances of an intercultural programme of telecollaboration to promote the intercultural and transcultural awareness of adolescent learners in Indonesia. Baker's (2015, 2022) model of twelve components of intercultural and transcultural awareness is applied to investigate the development of the learners' awareness as a result of their engagement in the programme. This paper begins with a review of the literature on intercultural and transcultural awareness in English Language Teaching and the description of a framework that is suitable for fostering awareness in the classroom through intercultural telecollaboration. Then, the discussion moves to the study that has been conducted following the guidelines and the features influencing an intercultural telecollaboration programme developed by Hoffstaedter and Kohn (2015), which provides a holistic framework not only for conducting pedagogical research, but also for designing an intercultural telecollaboration programme that aligns with the characteristics of the classroom context. Finally, the findings are contrasted with Baker's model in order to understand the extent to which the intercultural telecollaboration programme has promoted the learners' intercultural and transcultural awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acknowledging the importance of climate challenges to our environment, landscape and cities, this review focuses on the exploration of visual methods (e.g., design, drawing, sketches) in relation to a deeper understanding of climate emergency and sustainability on a spatial scale. It provides an overview of existing research and highlights the role design and drawing can play in landscape-led projects, as well as the impact these might have on behavioural change and decision-making. Looking at how design and drawing are perceived in landscape architecture and what their contribution is to the narrative of a project as well as the decisions made, this paper establishes a connection between pictorial forms and landscape. At the same time, this paper explores whether visualisations are used in relation to the climate and environmental challenges we face, sharing some light on the role they can play with regards to climate awareness and sustainability and how important they might be for our communities, cities and regions. This review highlights the need for further research around this topic and explains that there is a minor part of the literature looking at ways in which landscape design can be integrated into the wider climate emergency agenda and how this might influence behavioural change and the decision-making of various stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In high-mobility scenarios, a user's media experience is severely constrained by the difficulty of network channel prediction, the instability of network quality, and other problems caused by the user's fast movement, frequent base station handovers, the Doppler effect, etc. To this end, this paper proposes a video adaptive transmission architecture based on three-dimensional caching. In the temporal dimension, video data are cached to different base stations, and in the spatial dimension video data are cached to base stations, high-speed trains, and clients, thus constructing a multilevel caching architecture based on spatio-temporal attributes. Then, this paper mathematically models the media stream transmission process and summarizes the optimization problems that need to be solved. To solve the optimization problem, this paper proposes three optimization algorithms, namely, the placement algorithm based on three-dimensional caching, the video content selection algorithm for caching, and the bitrate selection algorithm. Finally, this paper builds a simulation system, which shows that the scheme proposed in this paper is more suitable for high-speed mobile networks, with better and more stable performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to examine the extent of cybersecurity awareness among college students and propose some effective measures to prevent them from cyber-attacks. In light of the pervasive integration of cutting-edge technologies in education and our daily life, College students faces various on-line threats. Given their active internet usage, college students are particularly susceptible to cyber-attacks through activities such as exploring e-content, engaging in social media platform, participating in online learning platforms, digital polls, quizzes, Kahoot, online debates and research work. This study holds significance for college students, who are particularly vulnerable. To protect them from cyber threats, understanding their level of cybersecurity consciousness regarding phishing scams, malware, ransomware, and other computer threats, as well as their knowledge of preventive measures, is extremely crucial. The escalating number of hackers and organized cybercriminals underscores the need for heightened cybersecurity awareness. These cybercriminals continually seek innovative techniques for cyber theft, including obtaining sensitive and confidential information from college students for potential blackmail or selling to others. This study involves an efficient online survey conducted among college students to gauge their cybersecurity awareness and preventive measures knowledge. Based on the survey findings, recommendations are provided to strengthen cybersecurity and encourage safer online practices among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This literature review delves into research on the gamification of cybersecurity awareness for non-IT professionals, aiming to provide an accurate report on known and unknown information regarding three key questions: the impact of gamification on cybersecurity awareness interest and engagement, measurable results related to game elements and their connection to specific learning goals, and the long-term effectiveness of gamified cybersecurity. Examining five relevant papers, the findings confirm short-term effectiveness and indicate that the incorporation of various game elements, such as storytelling, team leaderboards, and interactive scenarios, results in increased knowledge, improved engagement, and positive behavior changes aligned with specific cybersecurity awareness learning goals. However, the review also identifies recurring gaps in evaluating individual game elements and customizing gamification strategies for non-IT professionals. Highlighting a critical gap in understanding long-term effectiveness, we argue for further empirical studies to consider habituation effects, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of gamification's impact on cybersecurity awareness over an extended period. Thus, the review contributes to the existing body of knowledge by emphasizing the necessity for empirical studies focusing on sustained, long-term effectiveness and habituation effects in gamified cybersecurity initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic restrained the academic environment and changed the rules of the educational game; contact classes were restricted, and online assessments had to be introduced. This situation opened an opportunity for some students to use source-code plagiarism to pass coding assessments in the Introduction to Programming subject module. The focus of this paper is on making sense of this environment to establish a process to ensure that students obtain the skills they need to build on in subsequent modules. This is necessary to reach the outcomes of a computing course. Four aspects were used in establishing this source-code plagiarism awareness process in focusing on one class of students. Qualitative data were gathered by firstly requesting the class to supply feedback on their understanding of source-code plagiarism, and secondly inviting students identified as guilty of Python source-code plagiarism to start a conversation with the lecturer, which was triangulated with quantitative data regarding the success of the latter group in terms of their pass rate. Although the Measure of Software Similarity tool was instrumental in establishing a source-code plagiarism detection process, it is cumbersome and time consuming. Hence fourthly, it was compared to other available tools to determine their suitability in comparison. A refined source-code plagiarism awareness process is the resultant finding of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The issues of environmental protection, including stopping the degrading climate change, are currently a subject of particular interest of the scientific community, policymakers, practitioners, but also all people around the world. Banking institutions, as a giver of capital, play a special role in financing climate protection activities. On the other hand, they are particularly exposed to climate risk, identified with the probability that extreme natural hazards may cause adverse effects, including the loss of people’s lives, their property or other economic assets, which became the main research topic in the article. The main purpose of the paper is climate risk exegesis and to analyze the degree of climate risk inclusion in the bank risk management process in the case of the Polish banking sector. The conducted empirical research verified the research hypothesis stating that the Polish banking sector is becoming more and more oriented towards the climate risk among the bank risk management systems. Material and methods: The following research methods were used in the paper: survey questionnaire method, case study analysis, observation method and synthesis method. The research procedure included two stages of questionnaire research, followed by the analysis and evaluation of the obtained results. Results: It has been shown that the Polish banking sector defines its climate goals and is increasingly sensitive to the climate risk management, including them in its risk management systems. It also assesses exposure to climate risk in terms of physical and transitional risk. Conclusions: The research and results presented in this study are important in building political awareness as well as public, social and economic activities in the field of counteracting climate threats. However, banks’ awareness is very important for financing projects that reduce degrading impact on climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21st century, people are trying alternative methods for solving their disputes instead of the traditional legal system, these methods and systems are called Alternative dispute resolution methods. These alternative methods are known by various names such as mediation, arbitration, and conciliation. It has deep roots in Pakistan's history, it is known by the name of jirgas and panchayat, but such mechanisms had no legal status. To give legal status to it, new laws have been introduced by the parliament to establish a legal body for solving community-level disputes, and it is now known as the Dispute Resolution Council (DRC). DRCs have become a well-liked and practical method for settling disputes in the community. It has community representatives and leaders who offer quick and convenient ways to resolve disputes as compared to the traditional legal system. However, despite its recognition and acceptance in the community, It still faces several problems and challenges, that need to be addressed to increase the effectiveness of the DRCs. To find these challenges and issues, the researcher has used the qualitative method for finding the answers to the research questions. Among the difficulties that are identified are a lack of trained staff, proper funding, low awareness in the public and confidence, lack of expertise to deal with complex issues, and likeness in the appointment of the members. It is suggested in the research paper that the government should allocate proper funding to the DRCs, arrange proper training for the members of the members, enhance public awareness and confidence, better interaction with the formal judicial system, strong monitoring system, and proper legislation for the appointment of its members. These suggestions if put into practice will guarantee that DRCs in Pakistan offer the citizens easy, accessible, cheap, and effective justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An extensive literature base has investigated women's underrepresentation in decision-making positions with sport organizations, yet women's access to these positions remains limited. Diversification strategies, based on distributive justice, have failed to create further opportunities. A new approach is needed to address this latent issue. The concept of gender allyship is presented to address the limitations of distributive justice paradigms that involves men and women to work as members of a coalition to improve gender equity in sport organizations. Utilizing grounded theory, this paper presents the core category of awareness and related subcategories self-awareness, organizational awareness, and industry awareness, as a means of informing the performance of gender allyship. The findings provide interesting theoretical and empirical implications for understanding the development of awareness, its subcategories, and how it contributes to change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the intensification of global industrialization coupled with the enterprise's production and operating activities have caused pollution, increasing the current environmental pressure. Relevant government departments in China have instituted several stringent measures (environmental protection sensitization and awareness activities, training sessions, and exchange activities targeted towards enterprise managers) to address these rising environmental problems. Though these measures have gained traction over the years, there is a dearth of research on their effectiveness on the green innovation performance of enterprises. To bridge the gap, this research explores the effect of environmental awareness training, knowledge exchange activities, and commitment on green innovation performance with survey data from 285 medical equipment manufacturing companies in China. It further expands the theoretical application of environmental awareness training, commitment, and innovation performance from the lens of the Knowledge-Based View. The findings depict a positive relationship between environmental awareness training and innovation performance. It also finds a mediating influence of environmental commitment in the relationship between environmental awareness training and green innovation performance. Furthermore, environmental knowledge exchange activities positively moderate the relationship between environmental awareness training and environmental commitment. These findings offer valuable insights for the green development of medical equipment manufacturing enterprises and the government to formulate environmental protection policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Even in severe states of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD), accounts of an unexpected or paradoxical return of awareness and lucidity have been reported in some patients, documented formally, and studied. Objective: A scoping review was undertaken to survey the literature on the topic. Methods: Five databases were searched using pertinent search terms. Results were deduplicated and subsequently screened by title and abstract for relevance. Remaining reports were read and included or excluded using specific inclusion criteria. 30 results consisted of a mix of perspective papers, case reports, qualitative surveys of caregivers, law journal comments, and mechanistic speculation. Results: An equal mix of primary and secondary research was identified. Conclusions: The papers collected in this review provide a valuable methodological outline for researching the topic of lucid episodes in ADRD. The verified legitimacy and simultaneous inexplicability of these events promote philosophical discussion, mechanistic investigations, and sorely needed research in the field of ADRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In developing a theory of consciousness, one of the main problems has to do with determining what distinguishes conscious states from non-conscious ones—the delimitation problem. This paper explores the possibility of solving this problem in terms of self-awareness. That self-awareness is essential to understanding the nature of our conscious experience is perhaps the most widely discussed hypothesis in the study of consciousness throughout the history of philosophy. Its plausibility hinges on how the notion of self-awareness is unpacked. The idea that consciousness involves self-awareness has been understood in two different ways: either as awareness of oneself—the subject of experience—or as awareness of the conscious episode itself. In this paper I argue (i) that every experience concerns the subject in a very specific way, involving what I will call 'perspectival de se representation', and (ii) that there is no need to appeal to the experience itself in order to characterize the awareness within that experience. The view I articulate explains the subjective nature of experience without over-intellectualizing it, accommodates the phenomenology of experience, and dispels any doubt about the need to find the self in introspection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What: Regarding education, disability inequality is arguably a structural and systemic issue. The social model of disability, enshrined in teacher education programs in the UK, espouses the ways in which school environments, rather than disabled children themselves, need to adapt and change. However, the role of psychology in addressing disability-related systemic injustice is less clear. The aim of this paper is to consider the potential role of the psychology of education in working towards disability justice in schools. Why? Many inclusive teacher-education programmes set out the ways in which environments may be created to include disabled children. Psychologists have focused on disabled children's needs to access and participate in the classroom, but often do not consider their exclusion in social model terms, from curriculum materials, classroom displays, or material culture more generally. Favazza and colleagues (e.g. 2017) now offer a sizeable body of research showing that disability representation in school classrooms is negligible. This lack of representation is reflected among the staff in the teaching profession, where the 2016 census suggests that 0.5% of English teaching staff declared a disability (DfE, 2017), and more recent census data show that disability data were not collected (DfE, 2023a). It is this lack of representation of disabled people and its possible psychological underpinnings that this paper addresses. How? This paper uses social and affirmative model lenses to (a) explore the ways in which disability may be seen as a structural inequality in contemporary UK education and (b) suggest ways in which researchers and practitioners in the Psychology of Education may work towards disability justice. This may be achieved by considering extant research practice and through research focusing on the perceptions of and attitudes towards disability, alongside existing psychological work that focuses on disabled children's individual needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's age, we see the increasing influence of technology on people, which begs to raise the question: "Is society determined by technology?" Rising up within the constraints of each society, technology had its limitations, as it catered to the needs and interests of the masses. As society evolved, so did its requirements. We are at a stage where dependence on technology has gone through the roof with new innovations coming up in the sector, the rise of artificial intelligence, for instance. Technology has replaced the concept of being a mere tool and is creating/demanding space of its own. With advancements in various fields like robotics which churn out machines that can mimic human behaviour and are equipped with anthropomorphic features, it has become rather difficult to view them as mere commodities waiting for one's (human master's) command. Keeping this in view, the paper primarily focuses on the relationship between society and technology, with special emphasis on artificial intelligence, through an analysis of the films Ra One (Bollywood), Android Kunjappan (Mollywood), and Ironman 3 (Hollywood). Secondarily, an experimental study was carried out to know the perception of the Engineering students, the future technologists, who are the stakeholders of the 21st-century technological world, with an aim to know their perception of technology and bring an awareness of the limitations of technology and its role in the creation of utopian and dystopian world. Finally, the paper examines the consequence of technological determinism and autonomy from a colonial perspective and intends to bring preparedness among the students to perceive technology conscious of its limitation and bring harmony between society and technology that leads towards building a utopian world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the major divides in contemporary philosophy of consciousness is on whether phenomenal consciousness requires some form of self-consciousness. The disagreement revolves around the following principle (or something in the vicinity): IA: For any subject S and phenomenally conscious mental state C of S, C is phenomenally conscious only if S is aware of C. We may call the relevant awareness of one's own mental states "inner awareness" and the principle "Inner Awareness Principle" (IA). In a paper recently published in this Journal, Stoljar (2021) puts forward a massive theoretical criticism of IA. He addresses many extant arguments for IA, and argues, for each of them, that it is unpersuasive. In this paper, I focus on what strike me as the two most compelling arguments in Stoljar's list: the argument from memory and the argument from attention. I argue that Stoljar's objections to them can be rebutted; accordingly, those arguments promise to constitute the steadiest theoretical ground for IA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context and Background: The specialised land court in Zambia is known as the Lands Tribunal, and it was created in 1996 through the 1995 Lands Act. The Tribunal was established with the objective of achieving speedy, low cost, flexible and efficient means of settling conflicts over land. Inspite of being existence for 27 years, little has been done on the progress and challenges of the Lands Tribunal in resolving conflicts over land in the country. Goal and Objectives: This paper aims at establishing the progress made by the Lands Tribunal in resolving conflicts over land and investigating the challenges faced by the Lands Tribunal in resolving conflicts over land. Methodology: The study incorporated the use of both primary and secondary data collected between January and October 2023. Secondary data were obtained through documents which include peer-reviewed journal articles, theses, books, media, Zambian land laws, and technical reports. Secondary data was supplemented by primary data obtained from three purposively selected institutions: Lands Tribunal, Law Association of Zambia, and Zambia Land Alliance (Kitwe office). The data collection method used with the key informants was in-depth face-to-face interviews. Office management at each institution chose the key informant based on their expertise and experience on the subject. Results: In order to strengthen the Tribunal's operations, the Lands Tribunal Act of 2010 was enacted, enhancing the Tribunal's operations by granting it more authority and responsibilities (that is, expanding jurisdiction). Research findings showed that between 2014 and 2023, the Lands Tribunal handled 3318 cases. According to research findings, if the Tribunal was operating efficiently and effectively, it could have handled more than 3,318 cases between 2014 and 2022 considering the numerous problems facing the general courts which adversely affect the general public to resolve their land conflicts. However, the Tribunal could not handle more cases because of various challenges which include inadequate funding, Inadequate staff, poor conditions of service for members of the Tribunal, inadequate transport, delay in the delivery of judgments, low public awareness of the Lands Tribunal, centralised operations of the Lands Tribunal, and forum shopping [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Cohesion is deemed an indispensable component of writing, contributing to both the organisation of texts as well as the reader’s comprehension of the content. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the utilisation of discourse features in the academic writing of students. It specifically focuses on the cohesive devices employed by students and their level of awareness regarding cohesion and coherence. The research was conducted in the Dhanbad district, with a particular emphasis on technical students studying English for specific purposes. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic, this study also reviewed and analysed previous research that explored the usage of cohesive devices and the relationship between cohesion frequency and high-quality writing. This background research provided valuable insights into the existing body of knowledge and helped establish a foundation for the present study. The data analysis demonstrates that students possess the ability to incorporate various cohesive devices into their writing, indicating their awareness of discourse features. However, their usage is somewhat limited due to a restricted repertoire of discourse markers, which affected the range and diversity of cohesive devices employed in their writing. Overall, the paper sheds light on the significance of cohesion in academic writing, emphasising its role in organising texts and facilitating reader comprehension. It highlights the current state of students’ awareness and usage of cohesive devices in their writing, providing valuable insights for educators and curriculum developers to enhance students’ proficiency in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on the adoption of environmental social governance (ESG) activities from a customer perspective has been rarely conducted in the hospitality literature. Hence, applying learning process theory, this paper aims to examine how customers' subjective knowledge of ESG affects their perceived ESG benefits through awareness, which in turn, influences their visit intention. Through one preliminary study and two studies, this work confirms the mediation of awareness and perceived ESG benefits in the relationship between subjective knowledge and visit intention. The findings highlight the importance of developing marketing strategies to inform and educate customers about ESG better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings and analyses from a survey conducted by the Psychotherapy Section committee with the BPS Research Team to understand the needs and perspectives of its members. The online survey, carried out between 20 September and 23 October 2023, targeted 1237 members and achieved a 14% response rate. The results reveal a 'U-shaped' trend in Section membership length, indicating lower renewal rates after the first year. Key insights include a lack of awareness (34%) about the BPS Register of Psychologists Specialising in Psychotherapy (ROPSIP) and low social media engagement. The paper offers recommendations, including developing an onboarding process for new members, promoting ROPSIP, collaborating with allied organisations, continuing publications, improving social media impact, and ensuring interested members are actively engaged in Section activities. The findings underscore the importance of aligning Section strategies with member preferences for a more effective and inclusive approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines and explores the challenges, issues, and problems with their solutions regarding Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education along with the awareness enjoyed by science teachers. The selection of papers for this study was done through systematic literature review techniques. The 11 themes were generated through the thematic analysis of the papers that is, STEM education and its awareness; its challenges, issues, and problems; its curriculum; inquiry and learning environment; technologies; learning and models of integration; a blended learning approach; students' problem-solving abilities and skills; its implementation and evaluation; it's research and current trends; and interdisciplinary collaboration and intervention. Policy and planning, infrastructure, and the state of society were found the main factors of the poor conditions of STEM education. STEM research studies suggest that a curriculum with a blended learning approach has to be integrated by interventions of models depicting technological and inquiry-based environments to bring awareness among teachers, which strengthens the students' problem-solving abilities and skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian Copyright Act protects performers against the unlawful use of their performance. Thus, Performer rights are the rights available to a performer against people who are doing illegal usage of performance. These rights are highly vital in the present period, which is dominated by the use of technology. This research paper will go over the definition of a performer, international agreements on performers' rights, the necessity of giving performers legal protection, the legal status of performers' rights in India, and challenges in enforcing performers' rights amidst the rise of OTT. This paper will critically evaluate all these concepts and will demonstrate that the present law is inadequate current origin of OTT platforms. In addition to this, the success of any law depends upon the extent to which the people are aware of their rights. For this, an empirical study will be conducted to find out the implications and awareness of the law among various performers in the academic sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teaching Indonesian as a curriculum compulsory subject (MKWK) in university implies some challenges, considering the teaching is intended for students who have yet to study language theoretically and conceptually formally. This research is reflectively aimed at describing teaching challenges and possibilities. Methodologically, this study involved the researcher as an Indonesian language teacher in a university using a reflective-introspective way to gather data based on his experience. The results of this study are as follows: The students have various scientific backgrounds that are substantially and culturally different. Conditionally, they do not study Indonesian historically, culturally, theoretically, and methodologically. This implies that the orientation of teaching Indonesian needs to be formulated. Indonesian as MKWK is introduced functionally for language purposes in higher education. Language as a signifying medium becomes a verbal or oral communication tool to disseminate knowledge. Thus, the teaching materials are also adjusted elementary to the scientific background of each student. This allows the establishment of relations between Indonesian as a subject and other disciplines. Thus, awareness of this aspect of teaching makes it possible to place Indonesians not as "additional" but as "significant" learning in universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aims to enhance the awareness of cybersecurity among the citizens of Kosovo, addressing the escalating risks and challenges posed by cyber threats. Employing a robust quantitative methodology involving surveys and interviews, this study delves into citizens' awareness, information, and the formidable barriers they encounter within the cybersecurity domain. The research findings underscore a commendable level of awareness among citizens concerning the perils of cyber threats, coexisting with a noteworthy deficiency in general cybersecurity information. Additionally, citizens identify an array of barriers and challenges that hinder their ability to fortify their defence against cyberattacks. Notably, a correlation analysis unearths a positive relationship between information and awareness, implying that as citizens acquire more knowledge, their cybersecurity awareness tends to thrive. Conversely, barriers and challenges exhibit a negative correlation with awareness, emphasizing the substantial impact these obstacles can have on citizens' preparedness. Moreover, ANOVA - Analysis of Variance provides a comprehensive examination of the influence of information, barriers, and challenges on citizens' overall awareness. Furthermore, hypothesis testing reaffirms the research's core findings: citizens in Kosovo possess a high degree of awareness concerning cyber threats, yet they grapple with a deficiency in general cybersecurity information and confront multifaceted barriers and challenges in safeguarding their digital landscapes. This research paper not only contributes to the fortification of cybersecurity awareness among Kosovo's citizens but also underscores the critical need to address the prevailing challenges in this domain. Through concerted efforts to bolster cybersecurity education, provide accessible information resources, and surmount the barriers that citizens face, Kosovo can stride toward a more cyber-resilient society. By embracing these measures, Kosovo positions itself to navigate the complex landscape of cybersecurity threats, ensuring the safety and security of its digital realm in an increasingly interconnected world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractDeath is commonly accepted as the irreversible ending of all biological functions that keep an organism alive. However, understanding death is more complicated than merely comprehending the biological elements of death. Beyond the biological elements of death, it is also critical to understand death’s social, cognitive, and environmental aspects as they influence death awareness, death anxiety, grief and bereavement, and death education. This paper explores the development of mature death concept in children, from early childhood to adolescence. Drawing on a range of developmental and death awareness theoretical frameworks, the authors create a comprehensive model describing the development of mature death concept. The goal of this paper is to propose one theoretical perspective that connects traditional cognitive, socioemotional, and ecological developmental theories with current death awareness theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Users' interests are often diverse and multi-grained, with their underlying intents even more so. Effectively capturing users' interests and uncovering the relationships between diverse interests are key to news recommendation. Meanwhile, diversity is an important metric for evaluating news recommendation algorithms, as users tend to reject excessive homogeneous information in their recommendation lists. However, recommendation models themselves lack diversity awareness, making it challenging to achieve a good balance between the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations. In this paper, we propose a news recommendation algorithm that achieves good performance in both accuracy and diversity. Unlike most existing works that solely optimize accuracy or employ more features to meet diversity, the proposed algorithm leverages the diversity-aware capability of the model. First, we introduce an augmented user model to fully capture user intent and the behavioral guidance they might undergo as a result. Specifically, we focus on the relationship between the original clicked news and the augmented clicked news. Moreover, we propose an effective adversarial training method for diversity (AT4D), which is a pluggable component that can enhance both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendation results. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in improving both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current generative adversarial network (GAN)-based methods for infrared and visible image fusion often overlook global information, leading to inappropriate distribution of fused images in terms of infrared intensity and an overall incongruous presentation. In order to tackle this issue, in this paper, a new global awareness fusion network based on GAN is proposed, termed as GAN-GA. The proposed method comprises a generator and two discriminators. The generator consists of three series-connected global awareness blocks (GABlock), namely detail branch, content branch and feature aggregation block. The detail branch employs a convolutional network and max pooling to extract local detailed information, while the content branch utilizes Transformer to obtain global information. The local details and global information are then passed through the feature aggregation block to focus attention on distinct spatial locations and assign weights based on information importance, resulting in the final fused image. Moreover, the primary and auxiliary concepts are introduced in content loss, incorporating the difference images of infrared and visible as supplementary information into the loss function to fully leverage the information in the source images. For the discriminator, the WGAN-LP loss is employed to constrain its training, which introduces a new gradient penalty based on WGAN-GP to enhance the capability of discriminator. With these enhancements, GAN-GA effectively captures the global features of the source image while preserving the local texture and infrared intensity, which obtains an overall more coordinated fused image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Farmers’ awareness and the incidence of climate change are crucial inputs to effectively scale up interventions to mitigate the effects of climate change. This is because incidence leads to awareness due to observation of occurrences. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of climate change awareness and incidence across farming systems and agroecological zones in Sierra Leone. An ex-post-facto research design was applied, while a multistage sampling procedure was used to select 865 smallholder farmers across agroecological zones and farming systems. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire subjected to face validity and split-half reliability tests. This data analyzed frequency counts, percentages, multiple regression, and principal component analysis. The results show that farmers in the coastal plain, savannah woodland, and transitional rainforest had greater awareness and incidence of climate change across the crop, livestock, and fishery farming systems. The significant determinants of awareness and incidence of climate change among farmers are the adoption of crop smart practices (t = 4.192; p < 0.01); information needs on water smart practices (t = –5.581; p < 0.01); adoption of nutrient smart practices (t = 10.592; p < 0.01); adoption of energy/carbon smart practices (t = 3.206 ; p < 0.01); adoption of livestock smart practices (t = 3.608; p < 0.01); information needs on weather smart practices (t = 3.505; p < 0.01); incidence of climate change (t = 16.282; p < 0.01); and constraints on nutrient smart practices (t = –2.669; p < 0.01). The Principal Component analysis identified four factors, namely Factor 1 (Impact), Factor 2 (Occurrence), Factor 3 (Evidence), and Factor 4 (Threat), and accounted for 14.96%, 8.27%, 6.41%, 3.50% of the variance, respectively, with a cumulative variance of 33.14%. The study concludes that farmers are aware of the incidence of climate change and are adopting different techniques in response to the different climate changes observed. This study also recommends the identification of specific climate change adaptations and the scaling of interventions for adaptation and mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aim Methods & Procedures Outcomes & Results Conclusions & Implications WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work? Speech and language therapists (SLTs) play an important role in assessing and rehabilitating communication disorders in people with dementia, but there is evidence to suggest that they do not receive appropriate training to provide management and support during their training.To investigate the level of awareness and knowledge that practising SLTs from Brazil have about dementia and their role in the care of dementia through an online survey.An online survey tool was developed to collect information from practising Brazilian SLTs regarding their knowledge about dementia, awareness about their role in the care of people with dementia, and opinions on how SLTs may be better prepared to work in the dementia field. The survey was disseminated via social media, websites, and e‐mail lists of researchers and stakeholders.A total of 227 SLTs completed the survey. Participants showed good knowledge of dementia in general, while their answers were less accurate on primary progressive aphasia. Regarding the awareness by SLTs of their role in the care of people with dementia, most agreed or strongly agreed that SLTs could help people in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of dementia (> 80%). However, fewer participants agreed or strongly agreed that they felt confident in contributing to the treatment and diagnosis process of dementia (about 50%). To improve the training of SLTs in Brazil, most participants believed that it would be necessary to improve the teaching of dementia at the undergraduate speech and language therapy curriculum level and to develop recommendations or guidelines about speech and language therapy practice in dementia.The results of this survey point to a need for improvement in the knowledge and confidence of Brazilian SLTs about dementia. To reach this goal, targeted training courses and applied practice opportunities should be embedded within university curricula and training programmes. Many studies confirm the importance of speech and language therapy in the non‐pharmacological treatment of people with dementia. However, other evidence suggests to a possible lack of training for Brazilian SLTs, especially in the curriculum of undergraduate courses. This study reveals that Brazilian SLTs have substantial knowledge of dementia and recognize the significance of their role in treating people with dementia. However, a minority expressed confidence in their ability to assess and treat people with dementia. The findings of this research demonstrate that Brazilian SLTs have good knowledge of dementia and endorse their professional role in dementia care; however, they lack confidence in their own skills and expertise in diagnostic assessment and treatment of dementia. Interventions aimed at boosting the SLT's confidence level could lead to improved patients outcomes and overall quality of care within clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theory U is a process-driven, learning, progress-directed, transformative, and relational approach to social change. This approach is predicated on the idea that spirituality may be used to create communal consciousness through change management. Dealing with spiritual hurdles, practicing meditation, improving sensing, staying in flow, and conceiving are just a few of the special skills needed for success on the U-journey. Spiritual intelligence also includes adaptive problem solving and goal achievement approaches. Theory-U holds that sources other than the outmoded paradigms that gave rise to complex problems are where answers to them must come from. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how individuals exposed to workplace spirituality can make better use of their spiritual intelligence. By using spiritual intelligence, people can attain the kind of awareness and engagement required for collective awareness, and this makes sense when we examine awareness awakening processes from the perspective of the U-journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spread of English and its increasing importance in intercultural encounters have challenged essentialist perspectives of culture in English language teaching. In addition to using English as a means of communication, students are expected to develop intercultural awareness, which allows them to analyse and reflect on their intercultural encounters and to participate in social activities. Such a need draws great attention to language teachers' perceptions of and engagement in intercultural teaching. As a narrative inquiry, this paper examines the reflections of English language practitioners who have returned from an overseas study experience and have become English language teachers in China. It focuses on their study abroad experiences, encompassing both their achievements and challenges in the context of intercultural learning, and examines how these experiences have influenced their current involvement in intercultural teaching. The findings help shed light on the shifts in teachers' perceptions of intercultural encounters and how the processes of making sense of intercultural experiences inform their orientation towards intercultural learning. The paper considers the importance of helping teachers use their experiential understanding of language and culture to generate a critical pedagogical stance to promote intercultural education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition that can highly impact patients' quality of life (QoL). However, there is a lack of knowledge about SLE, affecting the general population and health care professionals (HCPs) alike. This lack of knowledge has negative implications for patients and the healthcare system, worsening prognosis, negatively impacting QoL, and increasing healthcare utilization. The aim of this paper is to draw attention, according to the perspective of the participants of this study, to the lack of awareness of SLE and its consequences in Spain, and to suggest improvements. Patients and methods: This qualitative, descriptive, observational, multicenter, and cross-sectional study included 40 patients with moderate or severe SLE, recruited during their routine visits in six university hospitals in Spain. The study also included 11 caregivers and 9 HCPs. All participants were individually interviewed. Data from the interviews were coded and analyzed thematically by two anthropologists following a phenomenological perspective. Results: Our study identified a lack of disease awareness among primary care physicians, emergency medicine doctors, and other specialists treating SLE symptomatology. This led to diagnostic delays, which had a clinical and emotional impact on patients. Furthermore, symptom awareness was found to be context dependent. Differences in symptom awareness between HCPs and patients led to a mismatch between the severity evaluation made by doctors and patients. Some HCPs did not consider the limitations of the current severity evaluation of SLE, and therefore attributed symptoms potentially caused by SLE to the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions patients lived in. Finally, a lack of social awareness among friends, family members, and romantic partners led to lower social support, increased isolation, and negative physical and emotional impact for patients. Gender differences in the provision of support were identified. Conclusion: This study highlights the need to increase SLE awareness among patients, HCPs, and the broader public in order to improve patient QoL. Being aware of the clinical and emotional impact of such lack of awareness, as well as the role played by context on the patient experience of SLE, is a crucial step towards achieving this goal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of Semiosic Translation, two elements are essential for a translation to emerge: the body–brain–context interface (extended mind) and the sign systems making up a translation output. In this paper, I explain how a renewed view of the body as a Bayesian-heuristic Semiotic Prior helps to understand in a more holistic manner the motivations and agentive character of translation, defined herein as a phenomenological grasp of the world. Central to the present proposal is the idea that bodily self-stabilization (homeostasis) and brain-driven correction (allostasis) provide translator-agents with maps of action upon the world that are semiotic in nature. All this occurs thanks to information weighing (Bayesian) and cue-driven (heuristic) types of inference whereby exteroceptive (exogenous) and interoceptive (inner-body) signals converge to create a sense of bodily awareness responsible for the construction of the symbolic persona (the translator-agent). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the correlation of ResearchGate among the faculties of sciences in the central universities of North-East India using Altmetrics approaches. As more innovation is seen and the discipline is in its early stages, the Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology is the primary study area. The study focuses primarily on faculty activities on the ResearchGate platform, which include frequency of publications, citations, research interest, number of followers and followings, and various publication formats. It has also sparked interest in determining the relationships between different ResearchGate metrics. According to the study, most faculties have good citation scores and an average number of publications. The survey analysis reveals a lack of awareness, concentration, and dedication to the development of the disciplines. The result of the investigation shall serve as a pathway for various future goals for selfimprovement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a collaboration between advocacy organisation, Sweltering Cities, artists and researchers who developed a multi-site research project that provided South West Sydney residents an opportunity to engage in drama and poetry workshops that gave voice to their lived experience of rising surface temperatures, as well as their desire for environmental protection and climate action. The research featured in this paper contributes to previous research that finds aesthetic modes of engagement to be powerful with regard to ecological awareness, capable of being a positive motivator of small shifts in thinking which are a precursor to climate action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its inception in 2007, blockchain has become a pivotal technology, with its market capitalization reaching $10 billion in 2016 for Bitcoin, a cryptocurrency that utilizes blockchain technology. Blockchain technology, which is used in various fields, is known for its audibility, security, trust, transparency, accountability, and traceability. However, it brings challenges such as scalability, privacy leakage, and selfish mining. Each transaction conducted on the blockchain is stored and registered, making it easy to check and confirm transactions during audits. Public key cryptography always ensures security, and each participant sees the same version of the distributed ledger, guaranteeing trust and transparency. Transactions cannot be tampered with, and each action a participant executes is traceable with no possibility of deleting transactions from the system. Despite these advancements, awareness of blockchain technology remains limited, hindering its widespread adoption. However, with ongoing research and development, blockchain technology holds great potential for a variety of industries, and its benefits will continue to be explored and leveraged. This paper provides insights from various studies that address the risks related to blockchain in cybersecurity, develops a seven-layer structure to combat those risks and proposes an invoice financing platform that establishes data confidentiality. The paper concludes that despite its potential, blockchain technology needs more exploration, awareness, and improvement to be adopted in more areas and companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corrective feedback is a concept of second language acquisition (SLA). Previous studies have investigated the definitions, categories, and effectiveness of corrective feedback from myriad perspectives, often choosing English as a second language to conduct research on ESL students. Writing is a challenge for most L2 learners, and written feedback is part of overall corrective feedback. Much research has emphasized the effectiveness of corrective feedback, but how different types of corrective feedback influence L2 learners differently remains unknown. Few studies have combined students' with teachers' perceptions of written corrective feedback. Most only emphasized students' preferences and few studies concentrated on Chinese students. As such, this paper aims to investigate the attitudes and perceptions of teachers and Chinese students towards written corrective feedback in L2 writing, which is beneficial to determine whether teachers can have awareness of students' perceptions and satisfy their needs according to individual situations, helping them facilitate the accuracy of L2 writing. The results reveal that differences exist between Chinese students' and teachers' preferences for written corrective feedback in L2 writing. Both groups think written corrective feedback is effective to enhance L2 writing, and most Chinese students and teachers affirm that different strategies of written corrective feedback should be given according to different error types. Finally, in teachers' opinions, the most appropriate written corrective feedback for Chinese students is direct corrective feedback and metalinguistic feedback (e.g. using error codes and metalinguistic codes), while Chinese students believe that the most appropriate written corrective feedback is direct and indirect corrective feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As part of the Federal Government of Nigeria's desire to increase medical coverage among the citizenry, the National Emergency Medical Service and Ambulance Scheme (NEMSAS) was set up and piloted in the FCT in 2022. To gauge the progress so far, this study sought to assess the level and determinants of public awareness and utilization of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) among residents of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2023 among 1177 respondents residing in FCT Abuja at the time of the survey. Data was collected by trained research assistants using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and purposive sampling was adopted. The level of awareness and the socio-demographic determinants of the level of awareness in the FCT were assessed. Logistic regression was used to find predictors of EMS awareness and utilization. Results: 57.8% of respondents are aware of EMS, while 42.2% are not. 62.7% are uncertain about the source of information for EMS with only a minority relying on word of mouth (17.7%), traditional media (11.1%), or social media (8.5%). 91.4% have not accessed or utilized EMS via the toll-free emergency line, while only 8.6% reported doing so. There are median EMS awareness and utilization differences across gender, age, location, and employment status of the respondents. Additionally, the multivariate logistic regression showed that age, location, and employment status are significant predictors of EMS awareness and utilization. Males have lower odds of awareness and utilization of EMS compared to females. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between EMS access and utilization (Chi-square = 80.748, p < 0.001). However, awareness did not necessarily translate to utilization. Conclusion: The relationship between EMS awareness and utilization and the unmasked predictors in this paper should be factored into the design of interventions to increase access and utilization of EMS in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]