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This paper assesses differences in life satisfaction along the urban-rural continuum in 111 countries across the globe. It combines survey data with a consistent definition of settlements to maximize international comparability. Once controlled for observed individual characteristics, differences in life satisfaction between people living in cities and in rural areas change with development levels. We found a positive difference at low development levels, which disappears or reverts for high-income countries. Among the factors associated with such differences are city-rural gaps in reported health problems, in physical infrastructure (built-up area), in expectations for future economic conditions, as well as in perceived housing affordability. We also show that life satisfaction varies by city size. Globally, large cities between one and five million inhabitants drive the observed city-premium, with stark heterogeneity across income levels. More specifically, residents in large metropolises over five million inhabitants report the highest and lowest life satisfaction in low- and high- income countries, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organisational justice is an established construct in the context of permanent organisations and relates to perceptions of fairness in the working environment. Justice judgements are context specific and whilst prior research has shown the positive impact of fair treatment on organisations and employees, less is known about organisational justice in projects and the impacts of fair or unfair treatment of project team members. This paper sets out to explore these shortfalls through a qualitative multi-method study. Combining the diaries of ten project team members, with pre- and post-diary interviews, the paper presents dimensions (distributive, procedural and interactional) of organisational justice experienced in the project context, factors influencing project team members justice judgements (sources, timing, delegation, and reflection) and the impact of in-/justice on individuals (ways of working, health and wellbeing, relationships, feelings), projects (project delivery) and organisations (reputation, effectiveness of processes). Policy and practice recommendations are made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been significant advances in the science of meaning in life (MIL). Researchers have made empirical predictions about the antecedents and consequences of meaning and the best ways it can be enhanced. Yet, it is important that researchers in this area consider the auxiliary assumptions associated with their predictions. Auxiliary assumptions, which traverse the distance from nonobservational theoretical terms to observational terms at the level of the empirical hypotheses, have important implications for the appraisal of empirical victories and defeats. In this paper, we outline the importance of auxiliary assumptions in MIL research. To ensure the validity of findings associated with MIL, we hope this paper encourages researchers to pay close attention to the auxiliary assumptions associated with their predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a unified framework to analyze social mobility (SM) and inequality of opportunity (IOp) in Chile, Colombia, and Mexico, focusing on subnational disparities in intermediate functional areas. Using data from the 2018 Household Survey on Territorial Dynamics and Wellbeing, we estimate SM and IOp simultaneously to investigate how individuals’ origins and circumstances influence their economic outcomes as adults. The study employs rank-rank regression to measure relative SM and introduces additional variables, such as sex and territorial characteristics, to capture IOp. Our findings indicate that absolute mobility is similar across the three countries, but relative mobility is higher in Chile, while IOp is lower compared to Colombia and Mexico. Parental wealth is the most significant determinant of IOp in Mexico, whereas territorial factors play a more influential role in Chile and Colombia. The results suggest that policies aimed at reducing IOp and enhancing SM should combine place-based and person-based interventions, especially in countries where territorial characteristics significantly impact socioeconomic outcomes. This paper contributes to the literature by offering a comparative analysis of SM and IOp within a common analytical framework, thereby enhancing our understanding of the complex interactions between these two concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractCurrently, the situation of Ukrainians in Germany and generally the EU is determined by a transitory environment of a Russia’s war against Ukraine with an uncertain outcome, a temporary migration status with an uncertain prospect and an integration process of uncertain results all on the backdrop of often transnational individual strategies. Uncertainty is at the core of all these parameters. This paper investigates how Ukrainian forced migrants in Germany deal with the stress of uncertainty and specifically the complex process of migration decision-making. Drawing on findings from a qualitative study of Ukrainian forced migrants in Germany I focus on the uncertainties they experience in political, economic, social and linguistic domains. The paper identifies multiple drivers at play such as the duration of the war, prospects of post-war reconstruction, the well-being of family members, the integration process, the future perspectives of the children. Furthermore, I explore whether transnational strategies can be understood as a response to these uncertainties. The choice is not necessarily a simple one between returning or staying, but a combination of both worlds - the Ukrainian and the new world in Germany - which means establishing a transnational pattern of mobility and living under conditions of uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sense of community is a necessary ingredient for existing and future communities in developed and developing countries to thrive. However, there are socioeconomic factors that have the potential to influence the sense of community in developing countries. This is an aspect that is underreported in literature in developing countries like Nigeria. This study examines the influence of socioeconomic factors on the sense of community in selected public housing estates in Akure, Southwest, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the research. Single-factor descriptive Analysis, Mean Scoring and Categorical Regression Analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that the sense of community in the study area was above average and that socioeconomic characteristics jointly predicted of sense of community. However, of the nine socioeconomic variables, four were significant predictors of sense of community in this context. The four significant variables were employment status, level of education, tenure status and age. The paper concludes by providing implications, considering the significant factors especially in developing strategies to enhance the sense of community in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a conceptual paper that examines the emergence of the 'therapeutic university' and considers its potential implications for policy and practice in Higher Education (HE). Concern over the well-being and mental health of university students both in the United Kingdom (UK) and internationally has recently intensified in media, academic and political spheres, to the extent that Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are increasingly offering a diverse range of ad-hoc initiatives and practices based on the language and techniques of an equally diverse popular psychology. An emotionally oriented 'therapeutic university' (TU) is emerging from a complex intertwining of policies of social liberalism, specifically widening participation, and policies of economic liberalism which seek to cultivate the higher education (HE) sector as a competitive marketplace. While the TU might appear to offer the potential to alleviate mental health conditions, these therapeutic practices are frequently conceived as self-evidently good and rarely subjected to any critical scrutiny. This article explores three inter-related sets of concerns regarding the implications of the TU for educators, students and the curriculum and, through an exploratory account, illustrates these trends from our own lived experiences of working within a TU. Framed by insights from critical pedagogy, we critically analyse the current well-being agenda in the British HE sector and how this positions educators as 'agents of well-being' rather than 'agents of criticality'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ofsted inspections of Initial Teacher Education (ITE) providers aim to enhance training quality for pre-service teachers in England. However, research rarely examines the impact of these inspections on the wellbeing of Teacher Educators (TEs) based in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This study, part of a broader investigation into burnout among HEI-based TEs in Ireland and the UK, focuses on the English context, where the inspection practices of Ofsted have been identified as significant stressors. Drawing on data from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), open-ended survey questions and interviews, this study provides preliminary insights into the mental health effects of Ofsted inspections on TEs. It reveals that inspection processes contribute to anticipatory stress, increased workload, and performative pressures, negatively impacting TEs’ professional morale and wellbeing. The paper recommends reforms such as predictable inspection schedules, streamlined documentation, and dedicated mental health support for TEs during the inspection period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeMaterials and methodsResultsConclusionThis scoping review investigates crime victimization prevention interventions among sex workers.Using the PRISMA method, we reviewed 11 papers referring to 8 studies that targeted the reduction of sex workers’ victimization.Effective strategies identified include community mobilization, peer-led outreach, establishment of safe spaces, legal empowerment, sociocultural activities, financial literacy training, and alcohol harm reduction initiatives. These approaches demonstrated significant reductions in victimization, improvements in community cohesion, and enhanced access to essential resources and support systems, thereby promoting the safety and well-being of sex workers. However, several challenges were also identified, such as high attrition rates, contamination, underreporting due to stigma, and variability in effectiveness across different socio-cultural and geographic contexts.Despite the potential of these interventions, further research is needed, particularly from a criminological perspective, to better understand how these strategies can be refined and applied to improve the safety and well-being of sex workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there have been forty years of active debate among philosophers of psychiatry about how to define mental disorder, there has been relatively little discussion of mental health. This is starting to change. A new literature is emerging about what it means to have mental health. While some define mental health as simply as the absence of mental disorder, others argue to the contrary that mental health is distinct from, and not reducible to, the presence or absence of mental illness. In this paper we review competing accounts and develop our own account. We characterize a diverse set of dispositions, skills, habits, and capacities, associated with aspects of personality structure. These are some of the same capacities developed across many psychotherapies. Attention to the literature on personality, and clinical psychotherapy, can, in our view, illuminate one (of several) dimensions of positive mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current Higher Education context, academics face challenges such as meeting publication targets, managing heavy teaching loads, and pursuing promotion while striving for work–life balance. This paper explores one potential strategy to support academic well-being: mindfulness interventions. While many studies show the benefits of mindfulness, they often lack a focus on participants’ direct experiences. This qualitative study examines the experiences of academics from four South African universities who completed an eight-week mindfulness course. Through journal entries and Critical Incident Insights, the study explores how mindfulness affected participants’ teaching, relationships with students and peers, and overall well-being. Key outcomes include reduced anxiety, improved communication, and greater awareness. Journaling and Critical Incidents provided valuable insights into novice practitioners’ experiences, highlighting changes in productivity, communication, and compassion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have witnessed growing concern internationally in the topic of wellbeing and mental health across the legal community, an interest reflected in the emergence of a multitude of research studies, policy initiatives, guidelines, networks and reports (e.g. International Bar Association 2021; LawCare 2021). Within recent studies of lawyer wellbeing there has been a growing call to change the culture of law in order to create mentally healthy workplaces. Yet all too often it is unclear what culture change might involve within specific workplace contexts. This paper presents a socio-legal critique of the law's ‘wellbeing turn' and interrogates the underlying conceptualisation and politics of wellbeing in these debates. Following Soon et al. (2023) it suggests there has been insufficient nuanced consideration of the contextual influences that have shaped the wellbeing dynamic law within discrete workplace contexts. It explores how a distinctive kind of ‘wellbeing problem' has emerged across different areas of the law and, grounding the law's turn to wellbeing in a wider social, economic and political context, brings to light questions and concerns about wellbeing, professional identity and commitment relating to ‘life in the law’ in the social justice sector all too often side-stepped in debates about lawyer wellbeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 restrictions affected people differently, depending on their housing conditions. This paper explores the relationship between the size of available living space and the emotion of “feeling depressed because of COVID-19.” For our survey participants in Berlin, Germany, the urban strategies of living small before COVID-19—everyday routines to cope with limited space, such as going to cafés, libraries, bars, and playgrounds—shaped this emotion. People with different housing conditions used these spaces differently, mitigating negative effects of limited living space. The lockdown of urban amenities removed this buffer. Younger people living alone were particularly affected. We conclude that understanding housing conditions requires including the broader residential context—the availability of amenities—as crucial for emotional well-being. This highlights the role of urban infrastructure beyond the narrow understanding of “consuming” amenities, which is often undertheorized in housing satisfaction research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children with muscular dystrophy go through the challenge of moving into adolescence compounded with the challenge of living with a debilitating muscle disease. This paper describes the process evaluation of a group leadership program for adolescents with muscular dystrophy. A five-day online program was conducted for 14 participants, 12 males, and 2 females, between 13 and 18 years, beneficiaries of Mobility in Dystrophy (MIND) trust, Kerala, India. The sessions, which lasted around one and a half hours each, focused on self-discovery through a participatory strength-based approach. The participants' feedback was thematically analyzed. The process evaluation parameters, fidelity, dose delivered and received, reach, and context were found to be effective. The 100% attendance of the participants and their perceived improvement in self-confidence, self-awareness, friends circle, skills-set, and leadership were identified as positive outcomes. Psychosocial intervention programs through the online platform, with structured follow-ups for adolescents with life-limiting conditions would be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a multi-phase study conducted on the World Health Organization's (WHO) age-friendly cities program, healthy-cities program, and global sustainable-cities initiatives, this paper assesses how older adults – particularly those living with chronic health conditions and disabilities – discuss mobility challenges in qualitative research. Initial results indicate that demobilizing levels of travel cost and travel risk are implied, with older adults refraining from direct discussion. Reflective analysis is performed on marginalized older adults' conceptual associations, ideologies, and response to social norms, to identify sources of pressure which may lead to downplaying or self-censorship on transport disadvantage. Results highlight that inequalities may arise from both the built environment and how research trainees communicate in research. Despite literature which suggests severe impacts of transport disadvantage, older adults may face difficulties in voicing their needs when research trainees adhere to the following social norms. First, physical access and feasibility may be minimized as mere matters of convenience to the able-bodied individual; second, overcoming transportation barriers may be seen as based on one's effort – as opposed to the disabling effects of the built environment; third, health and fitness in general may be also associated with one's effort, and increasingly also to one's commitment to environmental-sustainability; fourth, older adults may feel pressure to align perspectives with more privileged stakeholders, or with the general public; fifth, money and income may be delegitimized as apt research topics, regardless of how inability to overcome travel costs may impact daily-wellbeing. Implications for educating future gerontology-research trainees conclude the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ghanaian adolescents face considerable sexual and reproductive health challenges that can disrupt human capital formation. However, a positive and healthy transition from adolescence to adulthood can be achieved by increasing access to sexual and reproductive health information, education, and services. This paper documents emerging findings from an adolescent girls' programme delivered in 56 districts of Ghana. Data were collected from girls and young women aged 10–24 years who participated in the programme as part of a larger study that included in-school and out-of-school participants. In-depth interviews (IDI) [N = 49] and focus-group discussions (FGDs) [N = 13] were conducted in November 2021 and November 2022. An abductive approach was used to develop key themes from the data. The analysis revealed that the programme showed promise in changing the attitudes of beneficiaries towards safe sexual practices through condom use, in increasing assertiveness towards sexual and gender-based violence, and in real-life application of the knowledge and skills gained for health and social wellbeing. Out-of-school sexuality education programmes such as the one described here can be important catalysts for developing and maintaining meaningful relationships with others through the provision of information and education, and service delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Well-being plays a crucial role in the completion of PhD studies. However, recent research suggests that the components of universities' environment affect PhD students' well-being differently, resulting in various outcomes. This research explores the well-being of PhD students, constructed as a series of latent profiles, and assesses their associations with the impact of COVID-19 restrictions and student satisfaction with a PhD programme in a research-intensive university. Drawn from an ecological system perspective, students with similar patterns of PhD well-being were identified through latent profile analysis. Among 208 Russian participants, we established four well-being profiles: 'Disrupted well-being' (20.2%), 'Confident well-being' (28.8%), 'Dominated by Health and Research concerns' (26.9%) and 'Dominated by social connections concern' (24.1%) groups. The 'disrupted' group reported poor well-being regarding five out of seven domains. These students are less satisfied with the PhD programme than other participants and demonstrate the strongest worries about career prospects and degree completion due to COVID-19. The 'confident well-being' group is the most sustainable and resilient, as these students report satisfaction with their studies, achieve excellent scores in well-being domains and have fewer concerns about the pandemic's effect on their studies and degree completion. This profile mostly consists of male students. Satisfaction with the PhD programme contributes to the membership in this most desirable well-being profile. The two remaining groups demonstrated various alarming patterns of well-being, dominated by either 'Health and Home' and 'Research' domains or the 'Social' domain. This paper proposes recommendations for PhD programme managers and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Women have always played a crucial role in agriculture through their work on the farm, caring for the family and the household, and off-farm employment. Yet, like their essential contributions to agriculture, their mental health and well-being have largely been invisible since much of the focus of the mental health in agriculture research has been on older, male farmers. This paper seeks to address this knowledge gap by focusing on the emotional consequences stemming from the expectations of juggling childcare responsibilities, farm work and managing the household whilst keeping children safe. Methods: The data were collected via focus groups and photovoice activity with, respectively, 68 and 33 farm women from Ohio, Wisconsin, and Vermont. Results: The content thematic analysis first indicates that the juggling of multiple roles along with limited support deeply impacted farm women's wellbeing. Worries that the children could get hurt was a major source of stress. Stress and mental health issues connected to children do not lessen as they age but rather shift and become more complex. Conclusion: This article highlights the implications of the lack of investment in farm women's mental wellbeing and their lived realities of caring for children on the farm. Future research should address supply chain and affordability issues, particularly for rural childcare provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zoo animal welfare is subject to increasing scrutiny by many audiences. Although zoo husbandry and management techniques have progressed, common welfare issues are still apparent. To encourage further improvements, converting theoretical welfare definition into practical application is key. This paper evaluates a familiar definition to form a baseline for practical welfare assessment that benefits animals and zoo operations. If we consider coping and comfort as measurable indicators, plus choice and control to cement autonomy for the animal, achieving positive welfare is more likely. Providing positive cognitive challenge results in improvements to behavioral diversity. When husbandry is ecologically relevant, this welfare-friendly approach evolves into husbandry-based evidence, further justifying approaches to animal care. The human element of husbandry (e.g., development and training of personnel) impacts on welfare, necessitating a compassionate approach to daily operations. Compassion – for animal and human wellbeing – ultimately embeds welfare as a core zoo goal. The unique environment of the zoo, with its mix of wild species, human workforce and visitors, coupled with the amount we still must learn about species’ husbandry needs emphasizes continual development of welfare approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) significantly interferes with the quality of life and psychological well-being of stroke patients. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has attracted significant attention as an emerging method for treating patients with CPSP. Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of noninvasive brain stimulation on pain, and psychological status of patients with central post-stroke pain using meta-analysis. Methods: A computerized search of multiple databases was performed for identification of randomized controlled trials involving NIBS-led treatment of CPSP patients. Two researchers worked independently on literature screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Research was conducted from inception of the database until October 2023. RevMan 5.0 and Stata 15.0 software were used to conduct statistical analysis. Results: Sixteen papers with 807 patients were finally included. The results showed that NIBS reduced patients' pain intensity [SMD = −0.39, 95% CI (−0.54, −0.24), p < 0.01] and was more effective in short-term CPSP patients. However, the included studies did not show a significant impact on psychological status, particularly depression. Subgroup analysis suggested that the M1 stimulation point was more effective than other stimulation points [SMD = −0.45, 95% CI (−0.65, −0.25), p < 0.001]. Other stimulation modalities also demonstrated favorable outcomes when compared to rTMS [SMD = −0.67, 95% CI (−1.09, −0.25), p < 0.01]. Conclusion: NIBS has a positive impact on pain relief in patients with CPSP, but does not enhance patients' psychological well-being in terms of anxiety or depression. Furthermore, large-sample, high-quality, and multi-center RCTs are needed to explore the benefits of different stimulation durations and parameters in patients with CPSP. The current study has been registered with Prospero under the registration number CRD42023468419. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In addition to supporting patients and their loved ones at critical times, chaplains have long understood that caring for their health care colleagues is an important part of their practice. The Covid-19 pandemic prompted conversations among chaplains about how best to address the stress they were observing in health care workers. Our team conducted a scoping review in PubMed and CINAHL of peer reviewed literature describing chaplaincy care for health care workers. We started with 364 unique articles and found 59 that met criteria for the review. Five themes surfaced in analysis of these articles, with two themes emerging as most important: (1) descriptions of care for staff as part of the chaplain's role, especially when staff are making difficult decisions and (2) reports of the effects of chaplain care for staff, both indirect and direct. We discovered that research was limited, and more research is needed regarding chaplain care for health care colleagues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Youth mental health needs have worsened following COVID-19. Rising demand for school mental health services is straining capacity. Several states have added policies requiring mental health education, yet these vary widely and barriers to operationalization exist. Purpose: This paper explores the onerous landscape of mental health education and makes the case for the education framework of mental health literacy (MHL), derived from health literacy (HL), as the North Star of universal mental health education. Methods: A scan of mental health education policies was conducted, and two state case studies were included. California requires middle- and high-school integration with existing health education, and Delaware requires K-12 mental health education allowing for integration with existing social, emotional, and behavioral wellbeing initiatives within schools' multi-tiered system of supports. Results: Thirty-six state policies were identified, with over 80% explicitly related to health education. Policies varied across multiple dimensions including scope and clarity, target audience, requirement conditions, and resources. Discussion: Barriers and opportunities are discussed, including a national effort, The Mental Health Literacy Collaborative (MHLC), focused on the benefits of MHL education. Translation to Health Education Practice: Findings offer health educator opportunities for planning, leadership, and advocacy toward implementing MHL education in schools. A AJHE Self-Study quiz is online for this article via the SHAPE America Online Institute (SAOI) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health literacy is a promising approach to meeting the growing behavioral health needs of youth, and schools offer an ideal setting for this work. Purpose: In the introduction to this special issue, we provide an overview of mental health literacy and discuss the connection between mental health literacy and school behavioral health. Methods: Literature on mental health literacy and research on school mental health literacy programs are synthesized, followed by an overview of the six papers included in this issue. Results: The key components of mental health literacy are defined and contextualized alongside the importance of mental health literacy for promoting well-being. A brief history of research on mental health literacy programs is provided, noting the growth in application to school settings. Discussion: Connections between mental health literacy and school behavioral health are discussed, highlighting opportunities for integration with schools' multi-tiered systems of support. Translation to Health Education Practice: This introduction concludes with a discussion of implications for aligning mental health literacy with Health Education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiencing childhood trauma (that is, neglect/abuse) threatens the cognition, behavior, and well-being of individuals. In this paper, we examine whether and how childhood traumatic experiences, which go along with being an underdog entrepreneur, influence entrepreneurs' individual entrepreneurial orientation (Ind.EO). Examining two samples of small-business entrepreneurs in the UK, we find that (i) traumatic childhood experiences boost entrepreneurs' Ind.EO; (ii) this positive effect is the net result of an increase in promotion (relative to prevention) regulatory focus and an increase in self-dehumanization. Moreover, the positive impact of traumatic childhood experiences on entrepreneurs' Ind.EO is stronger for rule-breaking entrepreneurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIn the midst of politically volatile times, teachers struggle to lead and facilitate discussions on civic topics in elementary classrooms. In order to foster civic purpose in youth, which is a sustained intention and engagement to contribute to others’ well-being and society, this paper introduces mechanisms and practices of immersive civic discussion. Specifically, three instructional principles undergirding immersive civic discussion are identified: agency, We-ness, and empathy. Then, we illustrate how these principles play as effective bridges strengthening the ties between core elements of civic purpose: civic intention, civic action, and self-transcendent motivation, respectively. Following the instructional principles underlying immersive civic discussions, we illustrate correspondent research-based strategies informing how to increase the educational benefits of agency, We-ness, and empathy in elementary classrooms along with specific instructional examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A polychronic time management (PTM) approach (i.e., juggling and switching between multiple task demands) is considered a norm in today's fast-paced work environment and therefore encouraged by organizations. However, there is a lack of understanding of how this temporal approach may negatively impact employees and how human resource management practices can support the appropriate use of this time management approach. To enhance the literature's understanding of this phenomenon, we conceptualize PTM as an overarching temporal approach that spans multiple life domains (as opposed to existing studies that have only examined it within the work-domain). Using a multisource time-lagged research design and a sample of employees with family commitments, we examine the relationship that PTM has on employee's experience of work-family conflict, a form of psychological strain that emerges from competing role demands, and its subsequent relationship to employee well-being. In addition, we examine when workplace supportive practices from the organization and the supervisor are more effective at alleviating these pressures. Our results emphasize the important roles that both organizations and supervisors have in creating a supportive work environment for employees to succeed, thereby offering insights for HRM practitioners and researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Wellbeing Wheel is a tool used for early detection, assessment, and planning around children. This study examines how this artefact has been translated from Scotland to Sweden and what that process involved in relation to transformation from the original ideas when travelling from one specific context to another. The analysis was based on three graphic wheels and their supporting documentation, interviews, and field notes. The results reveal great similarity in the overall 'spirit' of the work performed to introduce the Wellbeing Wheel to the Swedish context, but on several points significant differences can also be noted, with some content being removed or relocated, and new content being added. These changes were conscious and intentional in some instances, while others arose spontaneously and ad hoc during the development processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adult Protective Services (APS) practitioners play an essential role in supporting older adults experiencing elder abuse and self-neglect (EASN), however, very little research has examined their experiences, from their perspectives. The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of APS practitioners responding to allegations of EASN. Qualitative interviews were conducted with APS practitioners (n = 14) from the state of Maine. A descriptive phenomenological approach involving two independent assessors was used to code transcripts into themes. Two domains, each with various subthemes, were identified: (1) rewarding elements of role and (2) challenging aspects of role. The findings of this study emphasize how APS practitioners are motivated by their capacity to help elicit positive change in the lives of their clients and support the well-being of older adults experiencing EASN. However, APS practitioners must navigate numerous challenges and barriers in their role, including time constraints, high and complex caseloads, limited resources, and broader misconceptions on APS. These findings highlight the importance of addressing these stressors to support the well-being of APS practitioners, which, in turn, can help support the vulnerable older adults they serve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pupils and the potential value of outdoor learning (OL) as a strategy to overcome some of the challenges educators face in helping their pupils get 'back on track'. Interviews with nine primary school staff in the South West of England explored the impact of the pandemic on pupil wellbeing, academic attainment, friendships/social skills, and behaviour. We report on the effectiveness of OL in this context. Findings indicate that OL is being deployed as a useful post-pandemic pedagogical tool. Barriers to consistently implementing OL as a teaching strategy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inter-ethnic brokerage between friends, i.e. having friends with different ethnic backgrounds who are not friends with each other, is essential to social integration processes in multi-ethnic societies. This study examines the relation between inter-ethnic brokerage in adolescent friendship networks and individual mental wellbeing in the school context. Using data on friendship networks from a large-scale study of more than 2,700 seventh-graders in German secondary schools, I analyse the interplay between triadic brokerage structures and ethnicity, combining network analytical methods with linear regression techniques. The results show that brokerage in general is associated with lower mental wellbeing. This negative association is stronger for brokerage between friends with different ethnic backgrounds than for brokerage between friends with the same ethnic background. Furthermore, the negative association is not stronger for inter-ethnic brokerage, where the broker has the same ethnic background as one friend, than for inter-ethnic brokerage, where all actors belong to distinct ethnic groups. The results indicate no differences between ethnic majority and minority students. Though inter-ethnic brokerage is vital to bridge ethnic divides, this study highlights the psychological challenges inter-ethnic brokers may face. It emphasises the relevance of investigating brokerage in inter-ethnic friendships and going beyond dyadic perspectives on inter-ethnic contact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Social participation is essential for the health of older adults. Formal volunteering can reduce loneliness and is associated with numerous positive health outcomes. Older adults have limited resources to meet their social and well-being needs. We explore factors contributing to the well-being of middle-aged and older adults who engage in formal volunteering using a qualitative social network approach. Methods: Between 2022 and 2023, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 members of social clubs in Germany, aged 45–80 (mean age 62 years). Thirteen participants were retired. Eight interviewees were female and twenty were male. Participants created unstructured egocentric network maps of individuals or organisations important to their well-being. Participants reflected on their social networks using these maps, which allowed for deeper insights into changing network dynamics. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: We developed six themes: intrapersonal, interpersonal and social network characteristics affecting well-being, self-fulfilment, feeling indispensable and unfulfilled expectations. Formal social participation, particularly through volunteering, contributed significantly to the well-being. Conclusion: Formal volunteering can aid successful role substitution and compensation, especially after retirement. This may prevent loneliness and increase well-being in older age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Frontotemporal Degeneration (FTD) is a common cause of early onset dementia with symptoms often presenting before 65 years of age and adding tremendous burden on caregivers. FTD caregiving research describes patient behavioral symptoms such as apathy and disinhibition as primary sources of poor caregiver psychological health; however, little attention has been paid to other common patient behaviors, such as loss of empathy. To better understand the relationship between empathy loss and FTD caregiver outcomes, this integrative review aimed to address the question: How does the loss of empathy in a person living with FTD (PLwFTD) impact the caregiver? Method: Quantitative and qualitative articles were found in PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus and were assessed for quality using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool (CCAT). Through constant comparative analysis, articles were assessed to abstract common themes in the literature. Results: From 333 citations, 8 qualitative and 8 quantitative studies published between 2010 and 2022 were included. Three main themes were uncovered: 1) caregiver emotional reactions to the PLwFTD; 2) caregiver psychological distress; 3) changes in the relationship. Conclusion: This review emphasizes the detrimental impact of empathy loss on FTD caregivers. Understanding these underexplored consequences is critical in understanding the well-being of caregivers and promoting ways to support caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses the mutual gains and the conflicting outcomes theories to better understand how job enrichment, mediated by positive and negative well-being aspects (i.e. engagement, job satisfaction, workaholism and burnout), relates to the turnover intention of teachers. A two-wave study (N = 637) among primary and secondary school teachers shows that investing in job enrichment activities can reduce turnover intention through positive well-being outcomes. However, no support was found for the conflicting outcome theory as job enrichment influences only workaholism directly, with no relationship with turnover intention. As such, this empirical study demonstrates that implementing job enrichment activities can effectively lower teachers' turnover intentions, thereby contributing to reducing the teacher shortages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing pathways exist for forced migrant elite athletes to continue sport within host countries' sports systems following forced migrations. These pathways provide relocation opportunities but remain limited in supporting these athletes' cultural transitions and integration post-settlement. Drawing on a funded project conducted with 14 forced migrant elite athletes, the purpose of this manuscript was to translate empirical findings on forced migrant elite athletes' cultural transitions into recommendations for SPPs to support athletes' adaptation needs. We first introduce how guided tours facilitate trusting athlete-practitioner relationships. We follow with introducing an arts-based method to develop awareness of athletes' transition demands and their inner resources for overcoming these. We conclude with highlighting the importance of finding meaning following migration as a transition. These recommendations promote individual adaptability, well-being, purpose, social integration, and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual wellbeing is an important aspect of population health. Addressing and monitoring it as a distinct issue requires valid measures. Our previous conceptual work identified seven domains of sexual wellbeing: security; respect; self-esteem; resilience; forgiveness; self-determination; and comfort. Here, we describe the development and validation of a measure of sexual wellbeing reflecting these domains. Based on the analysis of 40 semi-structured interviews, we operationalized domains into items, and refined them via cognitive interviews, workshops, and expert review. We tested the items via two web-based surveys (n = 590; n = 814). Using data from the first survey, we carried out exploratory factor analysis to assess and eliminate poor performing items. Using data from the second survey, we carried out confirmatory factor analysis to examine model fit and associations between the item reduced measure and external variables hypothesized to correlate with sexual wellbeing (external validity). A sub-sample (n = 113) repeated the second survey after 2 weeks to evaluate test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a "general specific model" had best fit (RMSEA: 0.064; CFI: 0.975, TLI: 0.962), and functioned equivalently across age group, gender, sexual orientation, and relationship status. The final Natsal-SW measure comprised 13 items (from an initial set of 25). It was associated with external variables in the directions hypothesized (all p <.001), including mental wellbeing (0.454), self-esteem (0.564), body image (0.232), depression (−0.384), anxiety (−0.340), sexual satisfaction (0.680) and sexual distress (−0.615), and demonstrated good test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.78). The measure enables sexual wellbeing to be quantified and understood within and across populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual self-concept and sexual self-schema are multidimensional constructs critical to developing a more holistic theoretical understanding of the sexual self. With an increased amount of research exploring these constructs over the past few decades, a systematic review was warranted to highlight next steps for future research in this area. Therefore, utilizing a staged systematic review, we aimed to explore how these parallel concepts are measured and among which populations they are used. The evaluation of 236 unique manuscripts published 1990–2020 revealed the use of 38 established or constructed measures of sexual self-concept, and 16 established or constructed measures of sexual self-schema. Three distinct measures were used in more than one-fifth of the studies reviewed, although the use of full-form measures vs. subscales differed across studies. Although there was diversity in the samples used in the studies reviewed, these studies were conducted most commonly with samples consisting of individuals who were primarily, if not solely, cisgender, women, heterosexual, White, non-college attending, U.S. residents, and/or had no unique characteristics identified (e.g., cancer patient/survivor, pregnant). The largest proportion of studies reviewed examined sexual self-concept during emerging adulthood, followed by early adulthood and middle adulthood. Suggested directions for future research in this area include (a) reexamining and testing how current measures are capturing these constructs and among whom; (b) expanding samples to include and/or target specifically gender, sexual, and racial/ethnic minoritized groups as well as individuals with unique characteristics that would affect sexual well-being; and (c) utilizing samples in childhood, adolescence, and late adulthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endometriosis is a chronic pain condition characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterus. Affected individuals and their partners report consequences to sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction, and relationship quality. Previous studies in clinical and non-clinical samples have found that sexual motivation can support or detract from sexual functioning; however, similar investigations are lacking among couples with endometriosis. Informed by self-determination theory, associations between autonomous and controlled sexual motivations with sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction for persons with endometriosis and their partners, and pain in persons with endometriosis were investigated. Couples (n = 54) completed measures of sexual motivation, sexual functioning, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and pain. When persons with endometriosis reported greater autonomous sexual motivation, they were more sexually and relationally satisfied. When persons with endometriosis reported higher controlled sexual motivation, their pain was more unpleasant, and they and their partners were less sexually satisfied. Finally, when partners reported greater controlled sexual motivation, both members of the couple reported significantly lower sexual functioning. While controlled sexual motivation may hinder sexual and relational well-being in couples with endometriosis, autonomous sexual motivation may support them. The findings may inform interventions to promote sexual and relational health in couples with endometriosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of creativity on well-being have been supported by many studies, but the mechanisms involved have not been fully studied. This study used the Creative Conceptual Behavioral Scale, the Well-Being Scale, and the Meaning of Life Questionnaire to survey 1124 college students, in order to explore the mechanism of creativity's influence on well-being from the perspective of meaning in life. The results showed that: (1) There was a bipartite positive correlation between creativity, well-being and meaning of life; and (2) meaning in life played a partial mediating role between creativity and well-being, that is to say, creativity not only directedly influenced well-being but also indirectedly influenced well-being through meaning in life. This study reveals the effect of creativity on well-being and its mechanism theoretically, which has certain practical reference value for the education of meaning in life for college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the Covid-19 pandemic's effects on college students' stress, life satisfaction, and college experiences and investigate sources of resilience. Participants: 1,042 students from 11 U.S. colleges and universities. Methods: Longitudinal study with surveys in winter 2018–2019 and fall 2021. Interviews with 54 survey respondents, spring 2021. Surveys measured purpose, social agency, goal-directedness, belonging, positive relationships, stress, life satisfaction, and pandemic impact. Interviews explored students' experiences during the pandemic. Results: Stress increased, and life satisfaction decreased from T1 to T2, but only for those with the highest reported pandemic impact, not in the sample overall. Goal-directedness, social agency, positive relationships, and sense of belonging were associated with lower stress and higher life satisfaction at both time points. Interviewees described both challenges and "silver linings" resulting from the pandemic. Conclusions: Single time-point studies of students' pandemic experiences may overstate the pandemic's negative mental health consequences and underestimate students' resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the association between health behaviors with mental health among tertiary education students. Methods: Six databases were searched until September 2021 for prospective cohort studies evaluating the association between health behavior(s) (dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behavior, alcohol intake, sleep, smoking or illicit drug use) and mental health. Two independent reviewers screened records for inclusion, extracted data and completed risk of bias assessments. Results: 33 studies were included (14 assessed sleep, 14 alcohol intake, 13 physical activity, 8 smoking, 6 sedentary behavior, 4 diet, 1 illicit drug use). A consistent association between poor sleep, and physical inactivity with increased risk of poor psychological wellbeing, and between poor sleep and increased mental ill-health related outcomes was demonstrated. Conclusion: Findings suggest interventions to address poor sleep and physical inactivity among students may positively impact mental health. Further research of other health behaviors, and their association with mental health, is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While crowdsourced data are often used in marketing research, there remain concerns about the validity of data sourced from crowdsourcing platforms such as Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Across two studies using different data sources and respondent screening strategies, this research examines how an explicit measure of participant response satisficing can adversely impact theory-driven research findings and the applied conclusions drawn. Findings demonstrate that respondent satisficing level and the degree of its effects are a significant threat to the integrity and validity of marketing and consumer research. Implications are offered concerning managerial decisions, tests of theory, and consumer research and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores how the ideology of Putin's regime is configured depending on the purposes for which it is used. It examines how the Kremlin's attempt to mobilize the nation through ideology after the full-scale invasion of Ukraine aligns with its broader strategies of utilizing ideology. To understand variations in the Kremlin's discourse, the study contrasts two conceptual configurations: patriotic statism (state as the ultimate value, requiring citizens to make sacrifices) and welfare statism (state as a means to provide people's well-being). This framework enables us to analyze how different configurations of Putin's ideology are employed in various political genres. The analysis reveals that while the genres of ideological proclamation, ideological indoctrination, and declarative justification are dominated by patriotic statism, welfare statism proves essential for the genre of mobilizing invocation. When Putin aims to mobilize the nation, the promises of welfare appear more reliable than mere rhetoric of patriotic self-sacrifice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marital adjustment is an important predictor of coping with stress among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A randomized controlled trial conducted on 60 parents of children with ASD showed that integrative SFT and double ABCX therapy, conducted over ten sessions of multiple family therapy in group counseling for five weeks and a one-month follow-up at special needs children's centers in Jordan, resulted in a 48% increase in marital adjustment and a 34% reduction in parenting stress. These therapies significantly improved the well-being of parents of children with autism, while the control group did not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Case management (CM) aims to facilitate access to and integration of health care and social services. We investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of CM. Methods: Randomized controlled trial with 219 patients and 114 caregivers randomly allocated to CM (109/59) or care as usual (110/55). CM was based on early and continuous online monitoring of problems and needs. Outcomes were assessed every 6 months with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Secondary outcome domains were participant restrictions, life satisfaction, self-efficacy, caregiver burden, and needs. Multilevel modeling was used. Feasibility aspects were protocol delivery, participants' and case managers' satisfaction, and factors affecting implementation. Results: There were no significant differences between groups. Participation restrictions and unmet needs decreased in both groups within 6 months. Monitoring was successful in 38, and 10 participants asked the CM for support. CM consisted mostly of providing information. Discussion: CM based on early and continuous online monitoring does not have benefit in identifying and addressing problems early after relatively mild injury. Unsuccessful monitoring may have hindered access to the case manager and prevented us from evaluating CM as a complex intervention. It remains a challenge to early identify those who could benefit from care coordination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Self-compassion may be a psychological resource for living well with dementia, but research is limited by the lack of a validated self-compassion measure for people with dementia. This study aimed to explore the SCS-SF's psychometric properties as well as correlates of self-compassion for people with dementia. Method: A total of 207 people with dementia were recruited to a cross-sectional survey involving the SCS-SF and measures of well-being, self-esteem, and depression. Data analyses (n = 193) included internal consistency reliability, correlational analyses, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), plus ANOVAs and t-tests. Results: Self-compassion significantly correlated positively with well-being and self-esteem, and negatively with depression. Reliability and preliminary construct validity of the SCS-SF was supported. EFA suggested two underlying factors formed by positive and negative components of self-compassion. The negative factor explained more variance and showed stronger correlations with total self-compassion, well-being, self-esteem, and depression compared to the positive factor. Self-compassion significantly differed based on age but not gender, dementia subtype or time since diagnosis. Conclusion: The SCS-SF shows potential as a valid and reliable measure of self-compassion for people with dementia, but further research is needed. The SCS-SF may measure two distinct constructs, which possibly play different roles in relation to well-being in dementia: self-compassion and self-criticism. Clinicians and researchers may wish to interpret these factors separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Older care recipients have different types of care networks, varying from spouse-only to large mixed care networks, that add to different levels of wellbeing. Applying Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to the care context, we argue that the care network composition may foster or hamper the three basic needs for wellbeing: relatedness, autonomy and competence. Method: Data are from ten observations between 1992 and 2022 of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (N = 18,434 observations from 4,837 older Dutch adults). Five care network types are used: no care, partner, informal, formal or privately paid care. Mixed-hybrid-multilevel regression analysis of depressive symptoms as measure of wellbeing is applied on care network type and loneliness, mastery and care sufficiency as indicators of the three basic needs for wellbeing. Results: Receiving care from a partner care network is, compared to the formal care network, the most negatively associated with depressive symptoms, followed by informal care and privately paid care. Differences in care network types existed in loneliness and care sufficiency, but not in mastery, and in part explained the association between care network types and depressive symptoms. Results of between and within effects are comparable. Conclusion: Using a rich data set and advanced methodology support the hypotheses that formal care networks hamper wellbeing due to insufficient care and increased loneliness, in particular compared to partner and informal care. The role of mastery was less important, possibly because it does not measure care related level of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This review aims to evaluate and synthesize quantitative and qualitative findings on perceived control and value placed on control within the context of suicidal ideation or nonfatal suicidal behaviors in older adults. Method: A comprehensive literature search was completed in June 2022, October 2022, and November 2023. Included studies focused on perceived control or value placed on control and on suicidal ideation or nonfatal suicidal behavior. Studies were published in English and included older adults (≥ 60 years) in separate analyses. Studies focusing on self-efficacy were excluded. Results: Twelve studies with 10 unique samples of 1487 total participants from eight countries were assessed. Quantitative studies indicated that perceived control and value placed on control are significant correlates of suicidal ideation and nonfatal suicidal behaviors, while qualitative studies highlighted that individuals who survive suicide attempts often specify decreased perceived control as a reason for their attempts. Conclusion: Results of this review indicate that perceived control and value placed on control are relevant variables when studying suicidal ideation and nonfatal suicidal behavior. This conclusion should be considered preliminary. Future research should examine heterogeneous samples, adopt gold standard assessments, and assess covariates in the associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positive psychology (PP) is in its third wave, evolving towards an interdisciplinary study of wellbeing. This article proposes computational positive psychology (CPP) as an emerging interdisciplinary field that integrates PP with computational science and technology to advance the understanding of wellbeing and develop evidence-based strategies to promote sustainable flourishing. The key features of CPP include addressing novel research questions that have received limited investigation in the existing literature, collecting large-scale and multimodal data, constructing computational models, and utilizing the results to advance theories, research, and the practice of wellbeing. We review CPP research topics such as: (1) advancing theoretical wellbeing models, (2) efficiently measuring wellbeing and positive traits, (3) exploring interdependent dynamics between individual and systemic wellbeing, (4) enhancing positive psychology interventions, and (5) improving collective wellbeing. The transformative potential of CPP for understanding and promoting wellbeing in the digital era is highlighted, and future research directions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarly interest in flourishing has recently burgeoned, leading many scholars to develop measures of flourishing. We closely analyzed the content of eight systematically chosen, prominent inventories of flourishing, thriving, or rich well-being. Some instruments contain subscales, and some consist of lists of items. Therefore, we utilized a set of categories to compare the larger components of the eight inventories based primarily on the domains of the Psychological Well-Being Scales, one of the first modern measures of flourishing. Then we compare items across inventories in the most common components. Despite apparent structural similarity, we argue that flourishing instruments demonstrate significant variation at both the component and the item-levels. This indicates a lack of consensus among flourishing scholars as to what flourishing is, and this absence of consensus may lead to an unnecessarily fragmented research domain. We conclude by advocating for consensus building and addressing what a consensus on flourishing might require. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the RAW Wellbeing program in vocational schools. This 6-week program aims to improve the mental distress and wellbeing of adolescents at-risk of not being in education, employment, or training (NEET). Participants were 57 senior students (23 females; mean age 16.19 years, SD = 0.89) attending two vocational schools in Queensland, Australia. Students completed two baseline surveys (week 0, week 4) before receiving the RAW Wellbeing program and two follow-up surveys (week 13, week 17). An interrupted time-series design evaluated the outcomes of the RAW program. Results revealed significant reductions in mental distress at 4 weeks follow-up and a significant increase in mental wellbeing post-intervention. No improvements in resilience, self-esteem, sense of belongingness, or functioning were found. A randomized controlled trial is now required to confirm the efficacy of the program on mental health, school, and NEET outcomes in a larger sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]