Search

Schiff bases are produced through condensation reactions between aldehydes or ketones and molecules containing an amine group. Given their multifaceted uses across diverse domains, they have gained prominence. Numerous studies have been conducted in this field due to the uncomplicated methods of manufacturing and the abundant range of applications. Investigations into DNA binding are essential for understanding the many interactions between drugs and DNA. DNA binding can be investigated via UV-binding, fluorescence quenching, and viscosity investigations. This study aims to offer several research papers on the DNA binding activity of Schiff base metal complexes and compare them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes knowledge-oriented leadership and coordination as factors that help organisations to reduce conflicts in workplace relationships, with the aim of improving innovation capabilities. To date, these factors remain underexplored in the hotel industry, the future sustainability of which depends on the development of new services and business processes. This paper proposes a series of hypotheses about the role of knowledge-oriented leadership and coordination in developing an environment that is conducive to reducing conflicts, the result of which is an improvement in the innovation capabilities of hotel establishments. The hypothesised relationships between variables have been tested by means of structural equation modelling using SmartPLS 4.0. The results show that innovation capabilities improve when hotel establishments implement this type of leadership adequately as, with the use of knowledge management tools, the coordination of tasks is improved, thereby reducing the negative effects of workplace relationship conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A research gap exists in the understanding of multi-level governance for watersheds in Kenya under the current devolved framework. This paper uses the Migori River watershed as a case study to elaborate on the institutional arrangement in the management of the watershed and how it influences the nature and level of coordination among the actors involved. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and content analysis of secondary data. The target institutions were selected based on existing policy and legal frameworks, press releases, and published administrative reports. Respondents for the semi-structured interviews were identified through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The qualitative data was then analysed through content analysis. After analysis of the nature of coordination, a panel of experts rated each coordination dimension based on a comparison between the findings and the baseline indicators. The results on the structure and roles of institutions revealed adequate representation of the river basin management actors, but the associations among actors are weak due to overlapping mandates and gaps in the administration processes of river basin management programs. Coordination exists, but it is not all-encompassing; whereas efforts to collaborate were noted, they were inconsistent and tended to be on a per-need basis due to a lack of a common forum for stakeholder interactions and a common management plan for a clear vision and direction of actors' activities. There is an unclear delineation of roles in the institutional structure and thus causing institutional complexity, which further undermines coordination. To address the coordination gaps, the paper recommends the creation of a management council for the watershed to provide a central forum for the stakeholders' interaction, with a designated lead agency that organizes and facilitates meetings, oversees communications, and manages any emerging challenges, gaps and opportunities in collective actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper asks whether, and if so how, it is possible to design a system characterised by coordination across sectors and levels of governance aimed at governing AMR. The ambition is, firstly, to analyse how coordination problems materialise in the governing of the AMR problem, and secondly, with an emphasis on the structure of decision-making and communication processes, to probe into how coordination of AMR governance is achieved. The paper’s focus is on Norway, which stands out as one of the better performing countries for AMR governance. Drawing on literature on coordination and governance, the paper argues that effective coordination of AMR governance is more likely to follow a ‘bottom-up’ sequencing pattern. It thus provides a study of the systems for governing AMR in a multi-level setting. Through public documents, literature and interviews with key officials involved in AMR management, the paper illustrates the importance of – and organisational barriers to – inter-sectoral cooperation and coordinated strategies and actions at different levels of governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues that the UK's endemic regional–national productivity problems cannot be addressed by the UK's current institutional and governance set-up. This paper argues that the establishment of an appropriate institution, body or forum is essential in order to fill the current governance vacuum. The appropriate nature, form and logic of such a body can be gleaned by observing various international comparator bodies which undertake different aspects of the types of roles and tasks that a UK body must necessarily undertake. The options for a UK body comprising elements of these comparator institutions are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper documents an early fork in the development of macroeconomics, by examining a debate between the Dutch economists Jan Tinbergen and Johan Koopmans. In a 1932 paper, Tinbergen argued that two firms could be stuck in a “bad” equilibrium in the absence of a coordinated action to incrase employment. Koopmans replied with a paper demonstrating that multiple equilibria in an exchange economy could not be ranked on the basis of their productive efficiency. This debate contributed to a larger turn away from dynamising the general equilibrium model, towards the new field of macrodynamics, with long-ranging consequences for the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper deals with practices of personal mobility in public space, such as walking, passing-by and queuing, and their intelligible, recognizable and intersubjectively coordinated character. People co-exist in public places without having to explain their conduct in so-many-words; they smoothly navigate by coordinating their bodies and mobile trajectories without collisions; they queue without any instructions and differentiate between who joins the queue and who projects to butt in the queue. This article addresses the intelligibility of walking trajectories in public space, how they are bodily achieved and visibly interpreted. It reflects on mobility by relying on the notion of public in two different but complementary perspectives: a) by reference to mobility in the context of public places such as parks, squares, and streets; b) by reference to the public intelligibility and recognizability of mobile actions in social interaction. The convergence between these two notions of public enables us to investigate how mobile social actions are formed (made recognizable) and how they are ascribed (actually recognized) by co-present unacquainted persons in public space. The analysis draws on video recordings of mobile trajectories in streets, pathways, and squares. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing resilience to flooding is a complex process that requires horizontal and vertical coordination between institutions in policy making and implementation. This paper explores the effect of institutional coordination on managing flood risk in two cities plagued by flooding. Our results show that efforts on building urban flood resilience can be undermined by lack of proper coordination between urban development, water management and land use planning. We find that this complexity is magnified by the emergence of the concept of resilience as an urban development goal that is increasingly pursued by various authorities, but that is inherently contested in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe imperfect coordination of expectations and actions is a central theme running through Keynes’s General Theory. Incorporating this theme into mainstream macroeconomics, however, has proved to be a difficult endeavour. In particular, attempts to accommodate coordination failures within Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models through multiple equilibria and “dynamic” indeterminacy, while promising in the 1990s, were gradually abandoned in the 2000s. Since then, the “New Keynesian” framework has come to dominate macroeconomic modelling. And since the coordination of agents is not at issue in this latter framework, mainstream macroeconomics has seemed to leave the coordination theme out of its focus, if not its scope. In this paper, we challenge this perception and argue that the coordination theme is actually alive and well. We especially present two recent research programmes which, while belonging to the DSGE paradigm, give pride of place to coordination failures and share a common objective: providing, within the class of DSGE models, an alternative to the New Keynesian framework that would involve the most important ideas emerging from Keynes’s General Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis paper elaborates on four different reasons why the assumption of continual dynamic stochastic general equilibrium, which is now standard in mainstream macroeconomics but is not used in agent based macro, makes a macro model less useful: (1) it assumes away most coordination problems, (2) it hides possible instabilities, (3) it makes money look unimportant, and (4) it makes inflation look trivial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent work challenging the "rubber stamp" view of authoritarian legislatures demonstrate that they are important arenas for policymaking. Yet their amending function remains understudied. To what extent is draft legislation modified in authoritarian parliaments? Why are some bills amended more than others? This article addresses these questions in the Chinese case, using a dataset covering 167 bills adopted by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee from 2008 to 2022. I assess the degree of bill change by comparing bill content before and after parliamentary treatment with a text reuse method. Results show a moderately high level of amendment activity, with noticeable variations across bills. I argue that the amending role of the Chinese legislature serves a crucial mechanism for integrating and coordinating bureaucratic interests. I find that bills are modified to a greater extent if more ministerial and provincial stakeholders are involved within the legislative arena. This article provides systemic evidence supporting the power-sharing theory: legislative institutions compensate for the executive-level deficiencies and help manage intra-elite relations in policymaking. It does not confirm the influence of public opinion, casting doubt on the bottom-up account of bill change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution analyses to what extent the EU's external response to the COVID-19 pandemic, communicated under the label 'Team Europe', represents a critical juncture for the EU's development policy in terms of creating conditions for institutional change. As an area of shared competence, EU development policy processes predominantly seek to strengthen cooperation between the EU and its member states whilst respecting their respective competencies. Such initiatives have lacked success due to member states' resistance towards strengthened coordination, let alone integration. By contrast, the Team Europe approach promoted the pooling of choices and resources of EU institutions and member states and strengthened the frequency and political importance of enhanced cooperation. The article identifies the European Commission's policy entrepreneurship, the alignment with member states' interests, low levels of politicisation and broader contextual geopolitical changes as key explanatory factors influencing more favourable attitudes aimed at and prospects for closer cooperation as promoted by Team Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How water governance mechanisms differ is evident in three diverse basins in the United States: the Colorado River, the Missouri River, and the linked Apalachicola–Chattahoochee–Flint and Alabama–Coosa–Tallapoosa basins. Climate change is a major stressor in all three and requires flexibility to adapt. The roles of compacts, coordination mechanisms, allocation formulas, courts, and intergovernmental relationships are different, except the federal government's operation of large reservoirs. Ambiguities in relative powers of the federal and state governments inhibit coordination and negotiation. A major feature of the federal system is importance of legal mechanisms for dispute resolution to supplement collective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]