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Software Defined Networking (SDN) expands the networking capabilities using abstraction, open-source protocols, energy efficiency, and programmable features for controlling the forwarding devices at the network edges and intensifying the network performance. Despite all the unprecedented features, SDN still might get exploited by an attacker to launch Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks at SDN planes i.e. Application, Control, and Data planes. Substantially, the DDoS attacks have been implemented by sending volumetric malicious traffic to exhaust the targeted resources. Such attacks can be easily observed and detected due to their high packet rates. Thus, now attackers are fascinated by the Low-Rate DDoS (LR-DDoS) attacks. In recent years, many efforts have been devoted to defending against the DDoS attacks in SDN. As the attackers benefit from the programmable nature of SDN, an in-detail review of various DDoS attacks and their corresponding defense approaches are essential. Initially, this paper presents a conceptual architecture of SDN and discusses the vulnerable locations in each plane that are exploited by the attacker for launching the DDoS attacks. Secondly, the work offers a detailed classification of DDoS attacks (HR-DDoS and LR-DDoS) concerning the SDN planes and the corresponding defense solutions. The convergence point of this research work is to discover the related security issues and stimulate the network researchers to counter these issues by employing the respective SDN DDoS defense solutions efficiently. Finally, the work gets concluded with a focus on the respective future challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This manuscript proposes a novel technique of synchronization to synchronize four non-identical chaotic systems together. The newly introduced scheme is named as anti-difference quadratic compound synchronization. We have also used the multi-switching of signals to increase the complexity of the proposed scheme. Lorenz, Rössler, and the modified financial systems are taken as drive systems, and the modified Shimizu–Morioko system is taken as the response system to illustrate the obtained results. Lyapunov stability is used to design suitable controllers. Numerical simulations and graphs are presented using MATLAB to verify the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been a number of new technologies and applications that can track various events and activities in a variety of environments. Software Defined Networking (SDN) is one of these technologies that has the ability to bring the unanticipated changes in the networking space. SDN aids in the implementation and management of new networks, lowering associated expenses. SDN's unique characteristics make it ideal for monitoring the harsh environmental conditions. Agriculture, Military, Industry, Natural disasters, Health monitoring, Crisis response, and Emergency management are just few examples of common applications. In the last few decades, some of these applications have been of critical relevance and the subject of ongoing research. SDN becomes increasingly popular owing to its perfect benefits, which include aid in various surveillance scenarios. Thus, this survey covers several areas of surveillance and assists the readers to have a better grasp of SDN-based surveillance. Furthermore, various open research problems and the related surveillance challenges have also been explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article mainly focuses on the development of a new six-dimensional dynamical system, principally based on the Lü system. The dynamic characteristics of this introduced system are evaluated and investigated by providing its 2D and 3D plots, time series for each state, discussing bifurcation scenarios and dissipation, the Poincaré map, and calculating its Kaplan–Yorke dimension. This system achieves hyper-chaos with two positive Lyapunov exponents. The generic stagnation points are computed, and their stability analysis is covered. The proposed system has also been studied via circuit implementation on Multisim. Towards the end of the manuscript, hybrid projective combination–combination synchronization among multiple drives and responses is attained through efficient adaptive control. Based on the principles of Lyapunov stability, several nonlinear controllers are created. All the acquired analytical results in the text are validated for their efficacy and viability through simulations on MATLAB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]