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Background: Diabetes complications are prevalent in people with diabetes, causing considerable individual suffering and increased health costs. However, the relationships of multidimensional, modifiable, and nonmodifiable factors to diabetes complications and the role of diabetes distress have been rarely examined. Objective: The aims of this study were to examine the associations of age, sex, knowledge, self-efficacy, self-compassion, resilience, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, diabetes distress, social support, and body mass index with diabetes complications and to investigate the mediating role of diabetes distress. Methods: In this cross-sectional, correlational study, data on all study variables were collected from 148 people with diabetes through REDCap in 2023. Multiple regression analysis and the PROCESS macro for SPSS were used to address the aims. Results: Older age and higher levels of diabetes distress were associated with more diabetes complications. Depressive symptoms were associated with diabetes distress; and diabetes distress, but not depressive symptoms, was associated with diabetes complications, controlling for all other variables. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms and diabetes distress were directly or indirectly associated with diabetes complications, and diabetes distress was a mediator in the relationship between depressive symptoms and diabetes complications. Health care providers can target reduction of depressive symptoms and diabetes distress to reduce diabetes complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite focus on surgical preservation of the chondrolabral junction (CLJ), the transition zone between the acetabular cartilage and labrum, the association between severity of CLJ breakdown and functional outcomes after hip arthroscopy remains unexplored. Purpose: To assess the influence of CLJ breakdown on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at a 24-month follow-up after hip arthroscopy for symptomatic labral tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively collected data was conducted to identify patients ≥18 years of age with a minimum 24-month follow-up who underwent hip arthroscopy by a single surgeon for the treatment of symptomatic labral tears secondary to femoroacetabular impingement. The Beck classification of transition zone cartilage was used to grade CLJ damage; patients with grades 0 to 2 were stratified into the mild CLJ damage cohort, and those with grades 3 and 4 were stratified into the severe CLJ damage cohort. PROMs were collected at baseline and at 3, 6, 12 months, and annually thereafter postoperatively. Linear mixed-effects models were used to compare PROMs. Rates of achieving clinically meaningful thresholds and subsequent surgery rates were also compared. Results: In total, 198 patients met the inclusion criteria, with a mean follow-up of 3.54 ± 1.26 years. A total of 95 patients with severe CLJ damage (mean age, 34.9 ± 10.5 years) were compared with 103 patients with mild CLJ damage (mean age, 38.2 ± 11.9 years). Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), and visual analog score for pain were inferior in the severe CLJ group at enrollment and all follow-up time points (P ≤.05). However, patients with severe CLJ breakdown exhibited greater improvements in HOS-ADL and NAHS at the 24-month follow-up and achieved clinically meaningful thresholds at equivalent rates to patients with mild CLJ breakdown. Subsequent surgery rates were 6.8% and 12.6% in patients with mild versus severe CLJ damage, respectively (P =.250). Conclusion: Severe CLJ breakdown is associated with increased pain and decreased functional level preoperatively and up to 24 months after hip arthroscopy. Despite this, patients with severe CLJ breakdown experienced greater improvements in functional outcomes at a 24-month follow-up and achieved clinical thresholds at similar rates to patients with mild CLJ damage. Thus, while worse baseline pain and functional levels may indicate severe CLJ breakdown, these patients still benefit substantially from hip arthroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study considered whether experiencing cybervictimization is associated with increased recognition of cybervictimization intervention opportunities (i.e., witnessing others' cybervictimization), as well as greater engagement in self-protective (e.g., changing usernames and privacy settings) and other-protective cybervictimization bystander response behaviors. We collected cross-sectional self-report data from an age-diverse (M = 46.29 years, SD = 19.14, range = 15–93) national sample (n = 3002). We hypothesized that: (1) personal experiences with cybervictimization would be associated with increased reports of witnessing opportunities to intervene when others are cybervictimized, greater self-reported use of active bystander behaviors in witnessed situations, and greater use of self-protective strategies; (2) We also expected that engagement in self-protective behaviors would be positively associated with engagement in other-protective bystander behaviors in response to witnessed cybervictimization. To test our hypotheses, we estimated a structural equation model wherein four latent variables were constructed: cybervictimization experienced, witnessed opportunities to intervene, engagement in self-protective behaviors, and engagement in other-protective cybervictimization bystander behaviors. As hypothesized, cybervictimization was associated with witnessing more opportunities to intervene in other's cybervictimization, greater self-reported use of active cyber bystander behaviors, and greater engagement in self-protective strategies. However, the strength of two associations was moderated by age, with stronger relationships between cybervictimization and witnessing opportunities to intervene as well as engaging in bystander behavior for older as compared to younger participants. Contrary to hypothesis, there were no significant associations between use of self and other protective behaviors. Furthermore, greater witnessing of cybervictimization was associated with less engagement in bystander behavior in the final model. The implications for existing bystander intervention programs are described. Longitudinal studies of these associations in multiple age groups and among different cultural groups remain necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Frequent mental distress (FMD) is poor mental health for ≥14 days in the past month. Prevalence and risk for depression and suicide are higher among US veterans (USV) than US civilians (USC). Limited research has been done among USV regarding FMD. Anyone can experience mental distress without being clinically depressed—examining FMD more broadly captures health burden of poor mental state. This study's purpose was to examine the association between having a history of heart attack (HHHA) and FMD among USV vs USC. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (n = 274 352) data. Weighted and adjusted logistic regression models were conducted overall and by USV/USC status. Results: HHHA increases weighted adjusted odds (WAO) of FMD. Among insured not obese USV with HHHA, the WAO of FMD were 1.4x significantly greater (P <.05) than among insured not obese USV without HHHA. Among uninsured obese USC with HHHA, the WAO of FMD were 3.2x significantly greater (P <.0001) than among uninsured obese USC without HHHA, and significantly lower among USV. Conclusions: Study findings suggest a distinction in FMD among USV/USC with HHHA. Understanding this association can inform policy for FMD screening post-heart attack as another potential intervention to prevent/reduce suicide among USV/USC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Compare the long-term effects of two different individualised physical activity interventions in hip or knee osteoarthritis patients. Design: Randomised, assessor-blinded, controlled trial. Setting: Primary care. Subjects: Patients with clinically verified hip or knee osteoarthritis, <150 min/week with moderate or vigorous physical activity, aged 40–74. Intervention: The advice group (n = 69) received a 1-h information and goalsetting session for individualised physical activity. The prescription group (n = 72) received information, goalsetting, individualised written prescription, self-monitoring, and four follow-ups. Main measures: Physical activity, physical function, pain and quality of life at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Results: There were only minor differences in outcomes between the two groups. For self-reported physical activity, the advice group had improved from a mean of 102 (95% CI 74–130) minutes/week at baseline to 214 (95% CI 183–245) minutes/week at 24 months, while the prescription group had improved from 130 (95% CI 103–157) to 176 (95% CI 145–207) minutes/week (p = 0.01 between groups). Number of steps/day decreased by −514 (95% CI −567–462) steps from baseline to 24 months in the advice group, and the decrease in the prescription group was −852 (95% CI −900–804) steps (p = 0.415 between groups). Pain (HOOS/KOOS) in the advice group had improved by 7.9 points (95% CI 7.5–8.2) and in the prescription group by 14.7 points (95% CI 14.3–15.1) from baseline to 24 months (p = 0.024 between groups). Conclusions: There is no evidence that individualised physical activity on prescription differs from individualised advice in improving long-term effects in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of facemask as precaution from COVID-19 cross-transmission have been strongly advocated by healthcare agencies as a public health management strategy to mitigate the pandemic burden on the healthcare system. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) according to facemask practice during COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t -test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariable linear regression was used to identify factor contributing to knowledge while Binomial analysis was used to investigate factors contributing to practice. Among 268 participants included in the study, those with medical-grade facemask had better knowledge score (88.8%) compared to non-medical facemask (86.3%) and those without facemask (78.6%). Majority of participants had positive attitudes on controlling COVID-19 pandemic (88.8%), the ability in overcoming the pandemic (99.2%) and use of facemask in a public place (98.9%). Participants using medical-grade facemask (Adjusted Odds Ratio; AOR 5.9, 95% CI 1.9–18.0; p =.002) have appropriate practices towards COVID-19. However, participants using medical-grade facemask were 9.2 times (AOR 9.2, 95% CI: 3.5–24.5, p <.001) more likely to reuse of facemask without washing. The results highlight adequate KAP among respondents. However hygienic use of facemask need to be disseminated among general population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]