Search

This book explores the circumstances surrounding Socrates'death, critically analysing conflicting sources to establish a framework for understanding his intellectual activities in the cultural, political, and religious context of 5th-century BC Athens.What were the circumstances surrounding the death of Socrates? What do we know of his life and ideas? This book offers readers an understanding of the history and current landscape of Socratic studies while guiding them through the intricate historical context of Socrates'life, death, and philosophy. By closely examining the reasons behind his trial and conviction for impiety in 399 BCE, we can develop a more thorough understanding of Socrates'philosophy, as well as address the contradictions and fictional elements in his portrayals.Socrates and his Demise provides a fascinating re-assessment of Socrates and his death, of interest to students and scholars of Socrates and Socratic philosophy, as well as those working on the intellectual culture of 5th-century Athens and Classical Studies more broadly.

There is currently no comprehensive scientific study that addresses the problem of financing projects using Distributed Ledger (blockchain) Technology (DLT) that are not themselves embedded in the blockchain ecosystem, particularly in the context of long-term and capital-intensive investments. This book fills this gap. It poses a number of research questions such as what financing model/mechanism is the most effective in the long term where very large financial resources are concerned; are there appropriate legal regulations in place; and can DLT (blockchain) technology provide usability and solutions that can be used in the process of financing capital-intensive investments?The book ultimately shows that it is possible to build a legal and economic model that would effectively enable the financing of long-term and capital-intensive investments, based on a specially prepared integrated platform operating on the basis of blockchain technology. As a result of the mechanisms of smart contracts, the platform would enable, the issuance and service of tokens, including equity tokens, but also auxiliary and payment or utility tokens, and the automation of relations between stakeholders. It would also allow the creation of a virtual decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) that would control the implementation of the project, and a decentralized exchange that would enable token trading.The core readership for the book is academics, scholars and researchers in the fields of economics, finance and law, particularly those focused on blockchain technology, distributed ledger systems, and innovative financing mechanisms for large-scale investments. Policymakers and regulators involved in developing policies and legal frameworks for blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies, and financial innovation would find it to be a practical reference.

Health and Healing in World Religions is a comprehensive introduction to the field that explores the research that links spirituality and well-being, including work with addiction and trauma.Each chapter includes an introduction to and summary of each tradition, questions at the conclusion, and boxes that highlight key ideas from the chapter using an example and interviews with medical professionals and other healers. Health and Healing in World Religions looks at cutting edge interfaces between spirituality and health such as mindfulness practices, addiction programmes, indigenous approaches to healing, traditional Chinese medicine, yoga and Ayurveda, and more. The text provides an overview of the research and practice all in one place and includes extensive bibliographies and resource guides for ease of reference.Health and Healing in World Religions is derived from over 20 years of teaching and research in health and healing and comes from an in-depth understanding of religion and spirituality. It is a vital guide to understanding cultural competency in the healing professions and the need to understand the cultural and spiritual traditions of clients.

Incorporating the intellectual history of disciplines from across the humanities, including environmental anthropology, philosophy, ethics, literature, history, science and technology studies, this volume provides a select orientation to the experience of nature from the ancient world to the Anthropocene.Taking its momentum from the emerging environmental humanities, this collection integrates Western, Indigenous, postcolonial, feminist and eco-spiritual perspectives that address pressing environmental concerns and reimagine the place of humans within the natural world. Across thirteen chapters, the contributors discuss the blending of environmental concerns with political and moral questions and encourage collaborative methods across disciplines to address dialectical tensions between culture and nature. They draw on a wide range of critical perspectives, provide a historical framework and speak to global environmental pressures from multiple standpoints. The global approach adopted throughout highlights the various realities of the growing ecological crisis experienced across the world. Written to appeal to a broad range of readers across the environmental humanities, this edited book will be particularly useful to academics, scholars and researchers in philosophy, anthropology, literature, history and critical theory.

Bringing together twenty-seven established and emerging scholars, The Routledge Companion to Queer Literary Studies discusses the historical development, current state, future directions, and political stakes of queer literary studies as a field of research and pedagogy.This innovative collection offers new frameworks for studying and teaching literature, art, film, music, theory, and philosophy from the medieval period to the twenty-first century. The contributors consider the structural implication of gender and sexuality with race, class, gender, ability, colonialism, capital, empire, ability, and relationships between human and non-human life and matter.The Routledge Companion to Queer Literary Studies is a vital resource for scholars, students, and teachers working across a range of historical periods, critical methods, and objects of study. It offers a multitude of approaches to queer literary studies, revealing the field to be as vital, and as contested, as ever.

This book, which is aimed at the health care and social work/care field, looks at the relationship between different levels of research projects. As the social sciences can be based on quite different assumptions or'philosophies2 about what the social world is like and how knowledge about it can be obtained, this book will help students navigate the need for consistency between empirical work, the research question, research design, values, and philosophy of science. Based on a critical realist perspective the book seeks to elucidate and to reflect on such connections, and to argue for the requirements of coherence as well as taking a critical look at the dilemmas that arise in health and social care/work research.Comprised of 13 chapters which cover theoretical frameworks, research questions, objectives of the study, research ethical considerations, values, and the question of validity, it shows how these must be interlinked if a project is to have a good design.It will be of interest to researchers, PhD candidates and master's students in the field of health care and social work/care.

This book explores the representations of Central and Eastern European histories in digital games.Focusing on games that examine a range of national histories and heritages from across Central and Eastern Europe, the volume looks beyond the diversity of the local histories depicted in games, and the audience reception of these histories, to show a diversity of approaches which can be used in examining historical games – from postcolonialism to identity politics to heritage studies. The book includes chapters on Serbia, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Hungary, Estonia, Slovakia, Czechia, Finland, and (a Western guest with regional connections) Luxembourg. Through the lens of video games, the authors address how nations struggle with the legacies of war, colonialism, and religious strife that have been a part of nation-building - but also how victimized cultures can survive, resist, and sometimes prevail.Appealing primarily to scholars in the fields of game studies, heritage studies, postcolonial criticism, and media studies, this book will be particularly useful for the subfields of historical game studies and postcolonial game studies.

This book aims to study the representation of motherhood in self-life writing by English-speaking authors. It highlights the particular issues women writers are faced with when they try to combine their vocation as artists with their duties towards their children. For those women who claim their right to be both mothers and writers, several cultural myths need to be taken down, chief among which is the representations that we have of what being an artist should be like, as well as the role a mother should have towards her children. This book looks at self-life writing by women from English-speaking countries to reveal the common themes and tropes which recur in texts written on the subject of motherhood, by looking at them from both a literary and a cultural perspective. It also aims to demonstrate that a new generation of women writers is taking up the subject and forging a new literary tradition.

Following decades of brutal campaigns against left forces, fascism in its nationalist and religious forms has been dominating Turkish, Iranian, and Arab politics for over half a century. At first, with key enemies vanquished, military generals assumed power and established some of the most terroristic totalitarian regimes in the 20th Century. It only followed that Islamist organizations then hijacked democratic movements of dissent. Now, in countries and territories where they have assumed state power, Islamist forces have surpassed all nationalist dictatorships for their utter disrespect of human lives.Today, Islamism subordinates peoples in the Middle East. Bearing the urgency of our times, Saladdin Bahozde problematizes all forms of fascist exclusionism in the region, while drawing attention to anti-fascist resistance and progressive alternatives there. As a critique of identitarianism and right-wing politics in the Middle East and North Africa, the work calls for a global movement, as endorsed by the peoples of the region, to go beyond nationalism and Islamism.

How do you tailor education to the learning needs of adults? Do they learn differently from children? How does their life experience inform their learning processes? These were the questions at the heart of Malcolm Knowles'pioneering theory of andragogy which transformed education theory in the 1970s. The resulting principles of a self-directed, experiential, problem-centred approach to learning have been hugely influential and are still the basis of the learning practices we use today.Understanding these principles is the cornerstone of increasing motivation and enabling adult learners to achieve. The 10th edition of The Adult Learner has been revised to include:The two chapters on diversity, inclusion and belonging in adult learning, and andragogy and the online adult learner have been greatly expanded to reflect the importance of these topics to the field today.The accompanying Instructor and Student Resources website provides free digital materials designed to enhance student learning and save instructors time when preparing lessons. Resources include:• Ready-to-use PowerPoint slides to save instructor time when planning lessons• Learning objectives and part outlines for structured learning• Suggested class discussions, exercises, and scenario-based activities• Downloadable instruments for chapters 19 to 22• Video explaining the Andragogy In Practice model• A chapter-by-chapter Instructor Manual and a corresponding Student Guide to enhance learning outcomes.If you are a researcher, practitioner, or student in education, an adult learning practitioner, training manager, or involved in human resource development, this is the definitive book in adult learning you should not be without.

This textbook provides undergraduate and graduate students with a comprehensive and in-depth exploration of the primary models of couples counseling, allowing them to compare and contrast each theory alongside a single case.Designed to be the core text for couple therapy courses, the book begins by introducing the field as well as presenting Carissa and Steve, a couple whom readers will follow as each model is applied to their case. The chapters focus on 11 different theoretical models such as Bowen family systems theory, emotionally focused couple therapy, the Gottman method, solution-focused couples counseling, narrative couple therapy, and more, with expert therapists writing on each of these unique models. Each chapter addresses the history of the model, the conceptualization of problem formation, diversity considerations, and the conceptualization of problem resolution. With session transcripts throughout, this book allows training therapists to easily compare, contrast, and apply the most prevalent models in couples counseling.This textbook is a core text for graduate marriage and family therapy, mental health counseling, clinical psychology, and social work students. The book is also useful for practicing professionals who want to explore how to apply a specific model of counseling to couples.

This book is the first definitive publication to consider the intersections of applied theatre and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – a series of goals which have shaped development and social justice initiatives from 2015 to 2030.It brings together emerging and leading scholars and practitioners engaged in creative and community contexts globally. In so doing, the book offers critical insights to explore the convergences, complexities, and tensions of working within development frameworks, through theatre. Divided into three thematic areas, it maps out the ways in which applied theatre has related to the SDGs, examines issues with global collaborations, and, as 2030 approaches and the SDG era draws to a close, interrogates such practices, envisioning what the role of applied theatre might be in the post-SDG era. The book provokes reflection about this specific era of applied theatre and global development, as well as discussion regarding what comes next.This volume will be of importance to students, artists, scholars, practitioners, and policymakers working in applied theatre and the field of development.

This book presents a comprehensive analysis of China's imbalanced sex ratio at birth and marriage market, and the implications of these phenomena for population development and families.China's persistently high sex ratio at birth (SRB) since the early 1980s has led to serious gender imbalance and male marriage squeeze. After examining the quality of existing data on SRB, the authors provide their estimates of the sex-selective abortion rate, describe the trends and geographical patterns in SRB, and disaggregate changes in SRB by birth order and province. Special attention is given to the number and proportion of missing girls between 1980 and 2010. Based on the quantitative analyses, the book projects the implications of the severe gender imbalance for China's population development and the future dynamics of the marriage market, including trends in age at first marriage, the proportion of never-married, the age structure of surplus males, and the life cycle of bare branch families.The book will appeal to scholars and students of demography, sociology, and China studies, especially those interested in China's population and contemporary society.

This book addresses one of today's most burning issues, namely the environmental crisis, by offering an insight into the problem from the perspective of virtue ethics.Virtue ethics is an approach to ethics that centralizes the concept of moral virtue, which can be extended to environmental ethics via environmental virtue ethics (EVE). Beginning with a comprehensive overview, the book explores the renaissance of contemporary virtue ethics and the beginnings of EVE in the second half of the 20th century and presents the main characteristics, proponents, and criticisms of EVE. The book then goes on to analyze its development by distinguishing the three most influential concepts: the classical; the naturalistic, teleological, and pluralistic; and the narrative conception of environmental virtue ethics. The author also discusses the most influential works on EVE, including a revision of Louke van Wensveen's postulate to use virtue language in environmental ethics. By synthesizing such works on EVE alongside an analysis of the three most important concepts, the book offers a new concept that is universalistic, positive, and pragmatic.The book will be useful for students, scholars, and researchers studying environmental ethics, sustainable development, environmental psychology, moral philosophy, and philosophy of education.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This book delves into the evolution of Italian neo-fascism from the end of World War II to the mid-1970s.It examines the transition from historical fascism to neo-fascism, highlighting the survival and adaptation of fascist ideologies within democratic frameworks. This book explores the formation and development of the Italian Social Movement (MSI) and the broader neo-fascist network, emphasising its transnational connections and ideological persistence. Key themes include the escape and reorganisation of former fascists, their influence on post-war Italian politics, and the cultural and ideological debates within the neo-fascist movement. The work also addresses the role of race, anti-communism, and the strategic alliances formed during the Cold War. By tracing the historical and ideological continuities, this book provides a comprehensive understanding of neo-fascism's enduring impact on Italian and global political landscapes.It will be of interest to students and scholars of fascism, political history, and Italian politics.

Human Motor Development: A Lifespan Approach, Eleventh Edition provides an overview of the academic field of study known as human motor development, the examination of lifelong changes in human movement. The book uses a holistic approach and emphasizes the importance of intellectual, social, and physical development and their impact on human motor development at all ages. The unique approach of this book includes the relationships between motor development and critical interactions with cognitive, social, and physical changes across the lifespan.Organized into five parts, the book examines key topics in motor development, including the relationship between cognitive and social development and motor development, factors affecting development, changes across the lifespan, and assessment in motor development, with special attention being applied to adulthood and older adulthood, given the increasing numbers of people in those age groups worldwide. Each chapter includes chapter objectives, a summary, a list of key concepts, questions for reflection, a list of related online resources, and an extensive reference list.Highly illustrated and written for student accessibility by providing access to a fully updated companion website, which includes laboratory exercises, an instructors'manual, a test bank, and lecture slides, Human Motor Development: A Lifespan Approach is essential reading for students of motor control and development, kinesiology, and human performance and for students interested in physical therapy, physical education, and exercise science.

This innovative book considers the cost of cognitive overload and psychological distress on human sustainability, and suggests ways to prevent employees from becoming a psychologically depleted workforce.Employee attentional processing capacity is maxed out, and psychological distress is at an all-time high. Alexander D. Stajkovic and Kayla S. Stajkovic explain how human cognitive ‘broadband'is at the hunter-gatherer level and changes at an evolutionary snail's pace. Yet the amount of information necessary to make a living now is incomparable to then, and the current relationship between workers and organizations is unsustainable. The authors discuss causes, processes, and consequences of human unsustainability at work, as well as suggesting remedies for personal change, leadership practice, and policy development. They frame efforts toward furthering human sustainability as a grand challenge that tackles a chronic problem at a societal level with consequences that have ripple effects into other spheres of life. Drawing from multiple disciplines and data sources, the book offers a theory-driven, evidence-based, and meaningful way to better understanding employee cognitive overload and psychological distress in organizations across the globe, and improve work lives going forward.Human Sustainability and Cognitive Overload at Work is a useful resource for students and scholars of business, management, leadership, organizational and work psychology, and organizational studies. The practical insights will also help managers, policy makers, policy analysists, consultants, and all those with an interest in the psychological cost of working.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

This timely and innovative book offers an introduction to a range of creative methods, providing both empirical and conceptual guidance. Based upon existing empirical work and richly illustrated throughout, each chapter carefully examines creative methodology and/or methods within an event and festival context. International case studies are incorporated throughout, providing real-world examples of how these methods have been used in practice, as well as highlighting potential ethical issues. Each chapter includes a concise ‘how to'set of guidelines to help researchers and students employ creative methods in their own work, as well as a series of ‘think points'to help develop ethical practices. Chapters illustrate new pathways or lessons learned from research during the pandemic and other challenging landscapes.This significant volume offers festival and event researchers and students a different approach to their work that could result in better research, reaching hidden and marginalised groups.

Is laughter a sin? Or is it man's best medicine? Is laughter now trivialised, mechanised or even weaponised by contemporary media? This book explores the social history of laughter in the West, from classical antiquity to the present day.Engaging with a range of thought from Plato to Nietzsche, it moves from classical to modern thought, considering the changing emotional climate of societies – including the postmodern'dictatorship of happiness'– and the role played by the technological changes of the last century in shaping our interpretation of laughter.A broad, historical study of the physical and emotional aspects of laughter, as well as its social role, A Cultural History of Laughter will appeal to scholars of sociology, history and cultural studies, among other fields of knowledge.

Power needs abstraction, to make the unwieldy complexity of the social world legible and manageable. The proposition at the heart of Seeing Like a Platform is that digital technology brings new metaphors through which power operates. While industrial modernity saw society as a machinery to be designed according to detailed blueprints, digital modernity views society as organic and alive, to be herded and nudged through digital infrastructures, AI, and algorithms.Seeing Like a Platform explores the history, meaning, and far-reaching consequences of this epistemological shift. From social movements to Wikipedia, from digital platforms to city planning, from social science to media, society is being redefined by ideas from complexity science. While complexity offers a vision of a self-organized society freed from hierarchies and overbearing bureaucracies, it simultaneously enables new forms of domination and control.Through theoretical reflections and case studies, Seeing Like a Platform offers an inquiry into digital modernity. Accessibly written and broad ranging, it is an essential reading for scholars, students, and practitioners in fields such as sociology, political science, urban studies, and technology studies. It will also interest anyone keen to understand the profound impact of digital technologies on governance, social organization, and everyday life.The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

This book provides an important set of critical reflections from a selection of foundational scholars of African media and communication studies through biographical method. The book interrogates the center of mainstream academic scholarship by providing the foundational history and origins of an Africanist conceptual model while highlighting its significance globally.The editors use biographical and life story interviews to critically review the respondents'interpretations of their key works and arguments in relation to key moments in the field, the continent and globally. Though the book is focussed on recovering pioneering arguments by key thinkers in African media and communication, efforts of individual academics are to be understood in the context of their work with others and within institutions that are networked, locally and globally. By bringing together many of the leading figures of African communication and media studies in a single volume, this book provides a critical corrective to the dearth of knowledge and information about who the key thinkers are and what their key arguments, theories and models for media and communication in African contexts entail.As such, it will be of interest to scholars of media and communications in Africa, and the global south.

Reading Literature and Theory at the Intersections of Queer and Class focuses on the crossover of queer and class, examining a range of texts across languages and genres and spanning nearly a century.This collection of chapters considers the intersection of queer and class in relation to literary aesthetics, a locus in which the interaction between sexuality and class is rendered with lucidity. Each chapter puts forward class and its manifestations as central to queer analysis of literary and cultural texts in historical and contemporary contexts. The readings adopt Kimberlé Crenshaw's intersectional paradigm by pointing to its activist as well as literary precedents and elaborations.These chapters emerged from a long-standing collaboration among three Central European universities whose faculty and graduate students established a joint queer literature and theory research seminar. They are supplemented by a roundtable discussion in which the contributing authors and their colleagues discuss how the concepts of queer and class in theory and (academic) practice have informed their current and previous work.Reading Literature and Theory at the Intersections of Queer and Class is intended for scholars in gender and queer studies.